RU75268U1 - COMPLEX FOR PREPARING GRAIN FOR SEEDING - Google Patents

Abstract

The complex can be used for underworking grain, as well as preparing seed for sowing. The complex can be used on all types of crops: cereals, legumes, oilseeds, seeds of perennial herbs. It contains a loading hopper (1) with a loading conveyor (4) feeding grain into an air sorting machine (5) dividing it into seed and feed fractions. The feed fraction enters the unloader (13) into the cyclone, and the seed fraction enters the pneumatic separator-precipitator (11), from which it enters the sieve separator (12), the trie-puppet collector (14) and the trie-oat-picker (15). After mechanical cleaning, the seed grain is fed to the second additional pneumatic separator (19), from which the screw humidifier (20) comes, where it is pickled with liquid pesticides. The whole complex is under vacuum created by a high-pressure fan 28 connected on one side with suction channels, and on the other with a bag filter unit 29.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of separation of bulk mixtures and can be used for underworking grain, as well as preparing seed grain for sowing. The complex can be used on all types of crops: cereals, legumes, oilseeds, seeds of perennial herbs, etc.

A known grain preparation complex that implements a method of post-harvest seed treatment by fractionation, comprising a feed hopper with a valve, a feed conveyor, a magnetic separator, a primary air separator, a pneumatic separator precipitator, unloading cyclones connected by suction nozzles to a secondary purification cyclone unit and a high pressure fan, located one below the other a screen separator, a trie-puppet collector and a trie-oats picker (RU 2264068 publ. 2005.11.20). The disadvantage of this complex is that it is difficult to perform and cannot produce seed dressing. In addition, its use is limited by environmental criteria, as it creates a large dusting of the surrounding atmosphere.

Similar complexes for the preparation of grain are used in mill schemes (they are designed to prepare grain for grinding, where high-quality grain processing and uniform moistening are also required), contain a loading hopper with a valve, a loading conveyor, a magnetic separator, a primary separator, an air separator, a precipitator, unloading cyclones connected by suction nozzles to the secondary cyclone unit and high-pressure fan, located one below the other screen separator, three p-puppet collector and trier-oats picker, solution tank, mortar dispenser, humidifier screw, gate locks with actuator, product pipelines,

bag filter unit (Lobanov V.I., Stroitelev R.G. Analysis of minimnits for processing soft wheat varieties. Bulletin of Altai Science. Problems of the agro-industrial complex in 2001, No. 1, Part 2, pp. 181-184).

The disadvantage of this complex is that it takes in preparation for grinding the entire mass of grain that has been cleaned. For the purpose of preparing seed, this is unacceptable, since for sowing it is necessary to select biologically valuable grain in the middle part of the ear. In addition, the supply of the entire mass from the separated grain to mechanical cleaning leads to a decrease in the productivity of the complex, an increase in its dimensions and an increase in energy intensity.

The problem solved by this utility model is to improve the quality of seed selection, increase the productivity of the complex and increase its environmental friendliness.

The present problem is solved in that a grain preparation complex comprising a loading hopper with a valve, a loading conveyor, a magnetic separator, a primary air separator, a pneumatic separator-precipitator, unloading cyclones connected by suction nozzles with a secondary purification cyclone unit and a high-pressure fan located one screen separator, a trio-puppet collector and a trio-oats picker, a solution tank, a solution dispenser, a humidifier screw, locks with drive shafts, a product water of feed and seed fractions, a bag filter unit, additionally contains two pneumatic separators, a seed dressing hopper and a discharge screw; an air-sorting machine with at least three fractional collectors is installed as a primary air separator, while an air-sorting seed collector is installed the machine is connected by a product pipeline to a pneumatic separator-precipitator of a sieve separator, and a collector of feed grain with a second cyclone-unloader, a branch pipe

fractions of the triera-puppet collector is connected by the product pipeline to one of the additional pneumatic separators, and the branch pipe passage fractions with another additional pneumatic separator.

The proposed complex meets the environmental safety requirements of the EURO-2 standard. It has the following advantages compared to the known ones:

- the possibility of replacing obsolete machines such as ZAV-20, ZAV-30, ZAV-40 (in terms of preparing seed material), with installation in their place;

- the ability to install in unheated and open rooms under a canopy (provided that it is operated at positive air temperatures and relative humidity no more than 70%);

- self-cleaning (the complex refers to the type of self-cleaning, when switching to other crops and varieties, it is enough to idle for 10 minutes);

- Convenience in reconfiguring when switching to other crops and varieties;

- increase the vitality of seeds due to gentle treatment regimes;

- achievement of seed performance according to GOST with a single pass through the processing chain.

Figure 1 shows a diagram of a complex of grain preparation.

The grain preparation complex consists of a loading hopper 1 with a valve 2 installed above the receiving tray 3 of the loading conveyor 4. Under the upper end of the loading conveyor 4, a magnetic separator 6 is installed above the loading neck of the air-sorting machine 5. The air-sorting machine 5 is made at least with three collectors of fractions: heavy 7, seed grain 8 and feed grain 9. The collection of seed grain 8 is connected by a product pipeline 10 of seed grain to an air separator precipitator 11

a screen separator 12, and a feed grain collector 9 with a product pipeline with a unloading cyclone 13. A screen separator 12 is installed above the stacker tripper 14 and the oat filter 15, the latter in turn being connected to the feed lines 16 of the feed fraction with a first additional pneumatic separator 17, and a seed grain product pipeline 18 with a second additional pneumatic separator 19. A humidifier screw 20 is installed under the pneumatic separator 19, connected by a pipe 21 to a pesticide solution dispenser 22, and p the latter, in turn, with a solution tank 23. A seed hopper 24 with a discharge screw 25 is installed under the mixer auger. Air sorting machine 5, air separator precipitator 11, first cyclone unloader 13, second cyclone unloader 26, first additional air separator 17, the second additional pneumatic separator 19, is connected by suction channels to the secondary cyclone unit 27, which in turn is connected by the suction channel to the high pressure fan 28 and the bag filter unit 29. Block secondary cyclones 27 are connected by the product pipeline to the second unloading cyclone 26. The air separator 6, the first additional pneumatic separator 17, the first unloading cyclone 13 and the second unloading cyclone 26 are installed in line and equipped with lock gates 30 having one drive shaft 31 with installed there is a speed control relay 32. The air separator-precipitator 11 is installed on the same line as the second additional air separator 19, the lock gates 33 of which have one drive shaft 34 with the control relay orosti 35. A collection of feed grain 9 of an air sorting machine 5, a collection of sedimentary fraction of an additional air separator 17 and a collection of fractions of a cyclone-unloader 26 are connected by a product line 36 to a cyclone-unloader 13.

The complex works as follows. Grain from the loading hopper 1 by gravity enters the receiving tray 3 of the loading conveyor 4. By the loading conveyor 4, the grain is fed through a magnetic separator 6 to an air sorting machine 5, where it is divided into three fractions and deposited in collectors: heavy fractions 7, seed 8 and feed grain 9. Next, the heavy fractions are removed from the air sorting machine, and the seed grain is fed by a lock gate 30 to the seed grain product pipeline 10, through which it is fed to the pneumatic separator-precipitator 11. From the pneumatic separator-precipitator 11 After passing through the lock gate 33, it goes to a screen separator 12, from it by gravity to the trie-puppet collector 14, and from it to the trie-oat pick-up 15. The waste fractions from the trie-oats pick-up 15 go to the first additional pneumatic separator 17, and from it to the cyclone unloader 13, from which the feed fraction leaves the complex.

Seed grain exiting from the trio-oats picker 15 through product line 18 is fed to a second additional air separator 19, from which it enters the auger humidifier 20. At the same time, a pesticide solution enters the humidifier 20 from the solution tank 23 through the solution dispenser 22. The seed grain processed in the screw of the humidifier 20 enters the seed hopper 24, from which it is unloaded by the unloading screw 25.

Dust, light impurities and some part of the crushed grain through the suction nozzles of an air-sorting machine 5, an additional air separator 17, unloading cyclones 26 and 13, as well as an air separator precipitator 11 and a second additional air separator 19 are sucked in due to the vacuum in the block of secondary cyclones 27, partially precipitated and enters the first cyclone unloader 26, and the air emerging from the secondary cyclones is fed for cleaning to the bag filter unit at 29.

This design of the complex allows to completely eliminate the ingress of environmentally harmful impurities into the environment.

Control over the speed of output of products by lock gates is carried out by the speed control relay 32 and 35.

Claims (1)

Grain preparation complex, comprising a loading hopper with a gate valve, a loading conveyor, a primary purifier air separator, a pneumatic separator-precipitator, unloading cyclones connected by suction nozzles to a secondary purification cyclone unit and a high-pressure fan located one below the other, a screen separator, a puppet collector and trio-oats picker, solution tank, mortar dispenser, screw humidifier, lock gates with drive shafts, feed pipelines of feed and seed fractions, bag filter unit c, characterized in that it additionally contains two pneumatic separators, a seed dressing hopper and a discharge screw, an air sorting machine with at least three fractional collectors is installed as a primary air separation separator, while the seed grain collector of the air sorting machine is connected by a product pipeline with a pneumatic separator-precipitator of a sieve separator, and a feed grain collector - with a second cyclone-unloader, a branch pipe of similar fractions of a trier-puppet collector is connected to duktoprovodom to one additional sifter and nozzle prohodovyh fractions - with other additional pneumatic separator.