RU68350U1 - FILTER MATERIAL - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the purification of liquids from solid particles and can be used in chemical, petrochemical, metallurgical and other industries that use filters in the main and auxiliary production, in environmental wastewater treatment processes, when spilling oil from tankers, oil pipelines and oil storage tanks, and also for collecting oil products from the surface of the water.

The technical result of the utility model is to increase the quality of filtration in the process of purifying liquids, improving the degree of purification of the surface of the water from oil products, as well as the ability to move along the surface of the reservoir.

The essence of the utility model is to make the filter material multilayer in the form of tubular knitwear from synthetic threads, where a hollow container is located inside the inner layer of tensile and inextensible threads, and crumb rubber is placed in the gap between the container and the inner layer, and the outer layer consists of tubular knitwear from tensile and inextensible threads, and the upper and lower parts of the hollow container are conical and the upper part is 10-15%. more than the height of the lower part, while the rubber crumb size 3-6 mm. located in the upper part of the filter material, and rubber crumb size of 0.5-2 mm. located at the bottom of the filter material.

Description

The utility model relates to the purification of liquids from solid particles and can be used in chemical, petrochemical, metallurgical and other industries using filters in the main and auxiliary production, in environmental wastewater treatment processes, when oil spills from tankers, oil pipelines and oil storage tanks, and also for collecting oil products from the surface of the water.

Known filter materials from chemical threads in the form of knitted knitwear, the loops of which form through pores by interlacing an eraser 1 + 1, in which one of the threads is elastomeric, and at least two weft threads are located between the loops of the front and back sides, while the thickness of the weft thread is 1 , 1-1.3 times the diameter of the through pore. (Russian Patent 1438826, B01D 39/08, BI No. 43, 1988).

However, such filter materials do not provide the necessary degree of purification, and also have an insufficient degree of absorption of oil products from the surface of the water.

A known tool for cleaning the surface of the water from oil and oil products containing a layer of porous sorbent in the form of a two-layer plate consisting of a layer of porous material based on a composition of crumb rubber from 0.2 to 2.5 mm in size and powdered polyethylene with a ratio of mass parts:

rubber crumb - 100, polyethylene - 5-20, and a plastic film connected to a porous material when heated. (Certificate for utility model of the Russian Federation No. 6165, class IPC 6 V32v 25/00 BPM, 1998, No. 3).

However, the disadvantage of this tool is the low degree of absorption of oil and oil products, as well as the complexity of manufacturing the design.

Known means for cleaning the surface of the water from oil and oil products in the form of a plate based on a composition of rubber crumb and powdered polyethylene, the composition further comprises crushed fibrous cellulosic material in the following ratio of components (parts by weight): rubber crumb 100, polyethylene 15-25, crushed fibrous cellulosic material 10-30. (Russian Patent No. 2148025 С02F 1/28, BI No. 12, 2002).

The disadvantage of this tool is the difficulty of manufacturing, insufficient absorption, the high complexity when collecting the sorbent from the surface of the water, as well as the low degree of purification when filtering liquids and gases.

The closest filter material to the claimed object in terms of features and selected for the prototype is a filter material in the form of tubular knitwear of tensile and inextensible threads, made of multilayer synthetic fibers, inside which there is a hollow container, and rubber crumb is placed in the gap between the container and the inner layer the size of 0.2-0.3 mm, and the outer layer consists of a tubular knitwear of inextensible and extensible threads. (Russian Patent No. 2219986, B01D 39/08, С02F 1/28, BI No. 36, 2003).

However, such filter materials are ineffective, since they hold oil products only near the filter material and do not collect on the surface of the water, since they do not have sufficient mobility.

The objective of the utility model is to create a new filter material with the ability to purify liquids from petroleum products by moving it over the surface of a reservoir.

When using the proposed filter material, the following technical result is obtained: an increase in the quality of filtration during the purification of liquids, an improvement in the degree of purification

the surface of the water from petroleum products, also the ability to move along the surface of the reservoir.

The technical result achieved is achieved by performing a multilayer filter material in the form of tubular knitwear made of synthetic yarns, where a hollow container is located inside the inner layer of tensile and inextensible threads, and crumb rubber is placed in the gap between the container and the inner layer, and the outer layer consists of tubular knitwear made of tensile and inextensible threads, and the upper and lower parts of the hollow container are conical and the upper part is 10-15%. More height of the lower part, with a rubber crumb size of 3-6 mm. located in the upper part of the filter material, and rubber crumb size of 0.5-2 mm. located at the bottom of the filter material.

The use of a hollow cone-shaped container allows you to swap the layers of rubber crumb by turning the filter material over, and also give a stable buoyancy of the filter material on the water surface, which increases the quality of cleaning the water surface from oil products.

Using a cone-shaped container with different heights allows you to shift the center of gravity of the filter material during operation, which improves the quality of cleaning and increase the productivity of the process.

The use of a cone-shaped container, in which the height of the upper part is more than 15%, has low stability at the beginning of operation of the filter material, which affects the quality of the process.

The use of rubber crumb with various sizes of rubber crumb with the placement of the upper and lower parts of the filter material allows you to consistently perform deep and fine cleaning of the water surface, which improves the quality of the cleaning process.

The use of crumb rubber in the upper layer of a size of less than 3 mm. ineffective, since crumb rubber slowly swells, which reduces cleaning performance.

The use of rubber crumb in the upper layer larger than 6 mm is impractical, since when cleaning from petroleum products it does not completely swell and leads to an excessive consumption of material, which reduces the quality of cleaning.

Use rubber crumb in the lower layer with a size of less than 0.5 mm. makes it difficult to use, since under the pressure of water the chips break through the pores of the knitted upper layer, which reduces the cleaning performance.

Use of crumb rubber in the lower layer larger than 2 mm. leads to a rapid change in the center of gravity of the filter material, which leads to a deterioration in the quality of cleaning during operation.

Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section of the filter material, and figure 2 shows a cross section of the filter material.

Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section of a filter material consisting of an inner layer 1 made of tubular knitwear of their tensile and inextensible filaments, in which there is a hollow conical container 2 having a conical upper part 3 and a lower part 4, in the gap between the container and the inner a layer of rubber crumb 5, 3-6 mm in size, is placed in the upper part, and rubber crumb 6 of 0.5-2 mm in size, and also an outer layer 7, consisting of tubular knitwear made of stretch and inextensible threads, are placed in the lower part.

Figure 2 presents a cross section of a filter material consisting of an inner layer 1 made of tubular knitwear of tensile and inextensible filaments, in which a hollow container 2 is located, and in the gap between the container and the inner layer is placed

rubber crumb 5, and the outer layer 7, consisting of a tubular knitwear of tensile and inextensible threads.

The inner layer of the filter material 1, in the form of tubular knitwear, is made on a class 8-22 circular knitting machine by simultaneously tying inextensible and stretchable yarns with a tension in the knitting system of 1.1-3.4 N and a stop depth of 2.5 mm. A hollow container 2 is placed in the inner layer 1, made cone-shaped in the upper 3 and lower 4 parts and rubber crumb is poured between the container and the inner layer, and the edges of the tubular knit are fixed with clamps.

The outer layer of the filter material 7 in the form of a tubular knit eraser 1 + 1 is made on a multi-system double-loop circular knit machine of grade 8-22 by simultaneously knitting inextensible and stretchable threads with a tension in the knitting system of 1.8-2.9 N and a depth of stopping of 3.5 mm to obtain additional looping rows of weaving the surface from inextensible threads, several (8-10) loop-forming systems use only the needle-forming systems of the needle cylinder, with a thread tension of 0.5-1.2 N at a maximum stop depth. The outer layer 7 of tubular knitwear is worn on the inner layer 1 so that additional rows of inextensible threads are located at the level of the water surface. The hollow containers 2 are installed so that the upper part of the cone 3 is larger than the lower cone 4.

The cleaning process is carried out by placing the filter material on a contaminated surface of the water. Under the influence of petroleum products, rubber crumb 5, located in the upper part of the filter material, begins to swell. Stability on water to the material is ensured by the lower cone-shaped part of the hollow container 2. When the rubber crumb 5 is completely swollen, the filter material is turned over and during the cleaning process the rubber crumb 6 is turned on.

located in the inverted filter material on top. The stability of the filter material is then ensured by the cone-shaped part 3 of the hollow container 1.

For clarity, the test table of the filter material in comparison with the prototype.

The filtering process was carried out for a 5.5% suspension with the presence of up to 18% of petroleum waste water from a car repair shop. The particle size varied from 15-140 microns with a pressure drop of 3.5 atm. To determine the degree of absorption of oil products on the surface of the water, the filter material was placed in a layer of the liquid fraction and held for 45 minutes, and then weighed. The movement of the filter material over the surface of the water was carried out by applying an air flow to the upper part of the hollow container.

Example 1

The filtering process is carried out using a filter material, the inner layer of which is made of kapron and spandex threads and is filled with crumb rubber with a size of 3 mm in the upper part and 0.5 mm in the lower part. and the upper part of the hollow tank is 10% larger than the lower part.

Example 2

The filtering process according to example 1 using a filter material filled in the upper part with rubber crumbs 6 mm in size and in the lower part 2 mm. and the upper part of the hollow tank is 15% larger than the lower part.

Example 3

The filtering process according to example 1 using a filter material filled in the upper part with rubber crumb size 4 mm and in the lower part 1 mm and the upper part of the hollow tank is 12% larger than the lower part.

Material Specific productivity, l / m * min The degree of purification of the suspension,% The degree of absorption of oil,% The filter material made on the prototype 14.6 90 298 The proposed filter material according to example 1 14.2 91 318 The proposed filter material according to example 2 14.9 92 331 The proposed filter material according to example 3 14.7 91 326

It can be seen from the table that the specific productivity of the filtering process increases slightly, the quality of the filtering and the degree of absorption of oil products from the surface of the water are improved due to the swelling of the rubber crumb, the increase in the surface and volume of the filter material, and also due to the movement of the filter material on the water surface.

Thus, the above information indicates the fulfillment of the following set of conditions when using the claimed utility model:

- means that embody the claimed utility model in its implementation, can be used in chemical, petrochemical, metallurgical, automotive and other industries that use filters in the main and auxiliary industries, in environmental wastewater treatment processes, when spilling oil from tankers, oil pipelines and oil storage facilities, as well as for collecting oil products from the surface of the water;

- for the claimed utility model in the form as described in the independent clause of the utility model formula below, the possibility of its implementation using the means and methods described above or known prior to the priority date is confirmed;

- a tool embodying the claimed utility model in its implementation. Perceived by the applicant technical result;

Therefore, the claimed utility model meets the requirement of "industrial applicability" under applicable law.

Claims (1)

The filter material is multilayer in the form of a tubular knit made of synthetic threads, while a hollow container is located inside the inner layer of tensile and inextensible threads, and crumb rubber is placed in the gap between the container and the inner layer, while the outer layer consists of tubular knit fabric made of stretch and inextensible threads, characterized in that the upper and lower parts of the hollow container are conical, and the upper part is 10-15% more than the height of the lower part, while the rubber crumb ra 3-6 mm in size is located in the upper part of the filter material, and rubber crumb 0.5-2 mm in size is located in the lower part of the filter material.