RU212091U1 - Filter for mechanical waste water treatment - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of wastewater treatment, namely to devices for wastewater treatment from suspended solids and oil products at the end of the sewer network in front of the control well. The technical result is achieved by using a filter for mechanical wastewater treatment in the form of a cartridge filled with fibrous filter material with water-permeable upper and lower ends and an impermeable side wall, containing a mesh located at the upper end of the cartridge, made in the form of a tubular elastic knitwear with a plush weave of inextensible and elastomeric threads. , filled with rubber crumb, while the inextensible thread is made of multi-shrink polymer materials with a difference in shrinkage of 10-25%. The technical result is to improve the quality of wastewater treatment.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of wastewater treatment, namely to devices for wastewater treatment from suspended solids and oil products at the end of the sewer network in front of the control well.

A replaceable filter element is known, hermetically fixed to the inner surface of the cartridge, which is part of a cartridge hydrocyclone filter for cleaning liquids from solid suspended particles (Utility model patent RU 113678, IPC B04C9 / 00, B01D29 / 11, publ. 27.02.2012) .

The disadvantage of this filter is the complexity of the filter design, low efficiency of water purification from oil products, rapid clogging and the inability to regenerate the filter.

Known mechanical cleaning filter with a load of fibrous material in the form of nylon, which is part of the device for the treatment of storm water (Patent for utility model RU 140160, IPC C02F1/00, publ. 27.04.2014).

The disadvantage of this filter is the low efficiency of water purification from suspended solids and oil products.

Known filter for mechanical water purification, located in the underground space in a concrete well, loaded with mineral or synthetic fibers, with the possibility of supplying water for purification at the bottom of the mechanical filter (Patent for utility model RU 38751, IPC C02F1 / 00, publ. 10.07. 2004).

The disadvantage of this filter is the low efficiency of water purification from suspended solids and oil products and the accumulation of suspended solids in the lower part of the mechanical filter.

Known filter for mechanical treatment of waste water in the form of a cartridge with permeable upper and lower ends and an impermeable side wall, located in the underground space in a concrete well. The filter contains a mesh located at the upper end of the cartridge, and is filled with a fibrous filter material (Utility model patent RU 150518, IPC C02F1/00, publ. 20.02.2015).

The disadvantage of this filter is the low efficiency of water purification from suspended solids and oil products, oil products, their settling on the filter and accumulation in the annular pocket between the well wall and the wall of the filter housing, as well as difficult filter regeneration.

The closest is a filter for mechanical wastewater treatment in the form of a cartridge filled with fibrous filter material with permeable upper and lower ends and an impermeable side wall, containing a grid located at the upper end of the cartridge, made in the form of a tubular elastic knitwear with a plush weave filled with rubber crumb (Patent for utility model RU 167225, IPC C02F1/00, B01D27/02, published on December 27, 2016).

The disadvantage of the filter is an increase in the permeability of the mesh - a decrease in the density of the pore structure with an increase in the volume of rubber crumb due to its swelling during the operation of the filter.

The objective of the utility model is to develop the design of a mechanical filter for technical and technological purposes in the water circulation.

The technical result is to improve the quality of wastewater treatment.

The technical result is achieved by using a filter for mechanical wastewater treatment in the form of a cartridge filled with fibrous filter material with water-permeable upper and lower ends and an impermeable side wall, containing a mesh located at the upper end of the cartridge, made in the form of tubular elastic knitwear with plush weave of inextensible and elastomeric threads. , filled with rubber crumb, while the inextensible thread is made of multi-shrink polymer materials with a difference in shrinkage of 10-25%.

The filter for mechanical purification of waste water is included in the system of filters for water purification, consisting of filters for mechanical and sorption purification, located in the underground space in separate wells, connected by pipelines with the possibility of supplying waste water for treatment to the upper part of the mechanical filter and discharge from the lower part of the filter along the course of the water.

At the upper end of the filter for mechanical wastewater treatment in the form of a cartridge, there is a mesh in the form of a tubular elastic knitwear with a plush weave, filled with rubber crumb.

Making the mesh in the form of tubular elastic knitwear with plush weave from inextensible and elastomeric threads, in which the inextensible thread is made of multi-shrink polymer materials with a difference in shrinkage of 10-25%, makes it possible to obtain a mesh with a variable pore structure that provides high-quality filtration of suspended particles not only at the limit dense structure, but also in a partially stretched state (with an increase in the volume of rubber crumb due to its swelling during the operation of the filter), and with a highly stretched structure, fast and high-quality regeneration, and also ensures the retention of crumb rubber in a stretched form (increase due to swelling of the total volume of rubber crumbs leads to stretching of the tubular elastic knitwear, through the enlarged cells of which there may be a loss of small rubber crumb and, as a result, a decrease in the quality of cleaning).

The production of an inextensible thread from non-shrinkable polymeric materials with a difference in shrinkage of 10-25%, due to the preservation of a high density of knitwear during filter operation, provides better retention of fine particles of suspended solids and microdroplets of emulsified oil products, and the high extensibility of knitwear along the length and width contributes to the regeneration of the mesh. And the plush pile weave surface obtained in this way has a more developed contact area and volume, providing a denser weave surface even in a partially stretched state of knitwear, holding mechanical impurities with the pile surface and protecting the pores of the loop core from clogging with mechanical particles and in a partially stretched state.

Tubular elastic jersey with a plush weave made of an inextensible thread and an elastomeric thread made of non-shrinkable polymeric materials allows to provide the necessary permeability during the passage of waste water and provides extensibility along the length and width of the knitwear for mesh regeneration.

The use of rubber crumb provides high-quality wastewater treatment from oil products due to the interaction of the crumb rubber surface with an organic film that always remains in the surface layers of wastewater. In addition, crumb rubber serves as an additional mechanical barrier to suspended particles in wastewater.

An inextensible thread made of non-shrinkable polymeric materials is placed in an oven and heated above the glass transition temperature of both components by 10-20°C, but below the pour point of both components. As a result of different heat shrinkage of the components of an inextensible thread, the resulting twists are twisted into a spiral, creating a three-dimensional crimped surface of the thread. The heat treatment time is 45-70 minutes, depending on the thickness of the bicomponent yarn. Cooling of a bicomponent inextensible thread is carried out at a temperature of 22°C for 12-24 hours.

The difference in shrinkage of two non-shrinkable polymeric materials of an inextensible thread of 10-25%, on the one hand, provides a sufficient number and size of twists to form a voluminous and dense structure of knitwear, on the other hand, allows you to maintain the extensibility of knitwear along its length and width, for the possibility of regeneration and repeated use. Decreasing the difference in shrinkage reduces the effectiveness of the material, and increasing it leads to entanglement of the twists and breakage of the thread during knitting.

Tubular elastic knitwear by weaving plush from inextensible and elastomeric threads is obtained on a round single-cylinder knitting machine MS-5 of large diameter class 22 using plush plates with a depth of culling on the main plates of 1.0-1.8 mm, and on plush plates 1.4-2 .0 mm and at a tension of an inextensible thread of 1.2-2.4 N and an elastomeric thread of 2.3-2.8 N. The twists of a bicomponent inextensible thread are straightened under tension. A plush weave is formed by simultaneously knitting inextensible and elastomeric threads into loops, with the formation of an elastic frame from elastomeric threads and plush loops, forming a fleecy surface, from inextensible threads.

At the end of knitting, the bicomponent inextensible thread is twisted back into twists, creating a voluminous crimped surface of knitwear.

Ready-made nets of tubular elastic knitwear with plush weave are filled with rubber crumb and installed at the upper end of the cartridge.

In FIG. 1. shows a general view of a filter for mechanical cleaning in a filter system placed in underground concrete wells, in fig. 2 shows a graphical representation of tubular elastic knitted fabric with plush weave from an elastomeric yarn and an inextensible yarn made from non-shrinkable polymeric materials.

The filter for mechanical wastewater treatment 1 is included in the system of filters for water purification, consisting of a storage tank (well) 2, a mechanical filter 1, a sorption filter 3 and a control well 4, located in the underground space in separate wells connected by pipelines 5. Filter for mechanical wastewater treatment 1 is made in the form of a cartridge with a permeable upper end 6 and a lower end 7 and an impermeable side wall 8. At the upper end 6 of the cartridge 1, there is a mesh 9 made in the form of a tubular elastic knitwear with a plush weave and filled with crumb rubber 10. The inner space of cartridge 1 is filled with fibrous filter material 11.

Tubular elastic jersey with plush weave is made of inextensible 12 and elastomer 13 threads. The inextensible thread 12 is made of non-shrinkable polymeric materials with a difference in shrinkage of 10-25% (a bicomponent thread is a thread made of two non-shrinkable polymeric materials), as a result of which the inextensible thread 12 forms additional twists, which, together with the action of the elastomeric thread 13, additionally tightening the formed twists, increase the limiting density of the porous structure of the tubular elastic knitwear and its volume.

The claimed design makes it possible to increase the formation of air bubbles when the mesh 9 is wetted with water in the well during the cleaning process, as a result of which the hydrophobicity of the mesh 9 filled with rubber crumb 10 increases, and, accordingly, the capacity of the mesh 9 with crumb 10 to oil products. In addition, the highly porous structure and volumetric structure of tubular knitwear provides better filtration and retention of fine particles of suspended solids, not only with an extremely dense structure, but also in a partially stretched state (with an increase in the volume of rubber crumb due to its swelling during filter operation) due to kinks, additionally tightened with an elastomeric thread.

The utility model works as follows.

Water from the sewer network flows into storage tank 2, from where it flows through pipeline 5 (due to the difference in hydrostatic heights) into an adjacent well with a mechanical filter 1. At the same time, the water levels in both wells are balanced according to the law of communicating vessels. Further, passing from top to bottom through a mechanical filter 1, water enters the lower part of the well with a mechanical filter 1, then through the pipeline 5 to the lower part of the well, where the sorption filter 3 is located. , merges through the pipeline 5 into the control well 4, after which it is discharged into the sewer network or reservoir.

When raw sewage is supplied from top to bottom through a mechanical filter, small particles of suspended solids and microdroplets of emulsified oil products are retained. Due to the increased density of tubular knitwear with plush weave and due to its volumetric structure and dense pile surface, the retention of fine particles of suspended solids and microdroplets of emulsified oil products is better, which improves the quality of cleaning.

At the same time, the extremely dense structure of the tubular elastic knitwear with plush weave, its fleecy surface and rubber crumb located in it act as a pre-filter, carrying out additional mechanical purification of wastewater from suspended particles. At the same time, rubber crumb cleans wastewater from partially floating oil products, preventing them from settling on the filter and accumulating in the annular pocket between the well wall and the filter housing wall.

Mesh in the form of a tubular elastic knitwear with a plush weave filled with rubber crumb is easily regenerated: the elastic knitwear is stretched in the longitudinal and transverse directions (as a result of which the pore size increases and adhesion between the plush loops and the mechanical particles held by them decreases) and washed with a reverse flow of liquid or gas , and rubber crumb is regenerated by pressing it on the presses. When the resource is depleted, crumb rubber is burned.

Thus, the use of a filter for mechanical wastewater treatment in the form of a cartridge filled with fibrous filter material with water-permeable upper and lower ends and an impermeable side wall, containing a mesh located at the upper end of the cartridge, made in the form of a tubular elastic knitwear with a plush weave of inextensible and elastomeric threads, filled with rubber crumb, in which the inextensible thread is made of non-shrinkable polymeric materials with a difference in shrinkage of 10-25%, improves the quality of wastewater treatment.

Claims (1)

Filter for mechanical treatment of wastewater in the form of a cartridge filled with fibrous filter material with permeable upper and lower ends and an impermeable side wall, containing a mesh located at the upper end of the cartridge, made in the form of tubular elastic knitwear with plush weave of inextensible and elastomeric threads, filled with rubber crumb, characterized in that the inextensible thread is made of multi-shrinkage polymeric materials with a difference in shrinkage of 10-25%.

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