RU62229U1 - HEAD BLASTER - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to remote combined fuses of double action, temporary and shock, triggered by inertial movement of mechanisms when meeting an obstacle and after a specified period of time from the moment of the shot, which is intended for use in automatic and under grenade launchers. The head fuse contains an executive detonator capsule, closed by a sliding shutter of the safety mechanism having a spring drive, equipped with a rod stopper, which is electrically short-circuited by an ignition device interacting with the beam detonator capsule, and an inertial-reaction shock mechanism kinematically connected with the conical fairing of the housing, as well as a power source, made in the form of an ampoule electrically connected to the electronic control unit oliticheskoy battery, wherein inside the glass ampoule plate electrodes mounted for longitudinal movement relative nakolnika. What is new is that the detonator beam capsule is mounted in the slide gate of the safety mechanism, the rod stopper of which is mounted on centrifugal carriages, while a microcircuit with a structural element control program communicating with a receiving antenna mounted on a conical radome is used as an electronic unit the ampoule of the electrolytic battery is mounted on leaf springs cantilevered to the disk base in a tangential direction, protruding above them in the direction of rotation of the ammunition, and loaded with a massive sleeve, in the central window of which is placed, above the metal cap of the damping casing, the contact protrusion of the spring-loaded metal cover of the conical fairing, supported by a spiral spring installed in the ring groove of the case, which together perform the functions of an inertial-reaction mechanism, and nakolnik made in the form of a wedge or a pyramid. The proposed technical solution ensured the expansion of the technological and functional capabilities of a compact head fuse for grenade launchers, which is characterized by safety in official handling and shooting, has increased sensitivity, especially when meeting at ricochet angles and with soft soils, providing a given accuracy of operation.

Description

The utility model relates to remote combined fuses of double action, temporary and shock, triggered by inertial movement of mechanisms when meeting an obstacle and after a specified period of time from the moment of the shot, which is intended for use in automatic and underbarrel grenade launchers.

The level of this technical field is characterized by a head detonator for small-caliber artillery ammunition according to patent AT No. 301395, F 42 C 16/01, 1972, which contains an inertial-reaction mechanism of an executive prick tip, coaxial to the detonator capsule of a combat charge, a centrifugal safety mechanism, and a moderator and inertial cocking mechanism.

The head fairing of the fuse, kinematically connected with the centrifugal fuse and in which the shock mechanism is mounted, is made with a flat anti-rifle front end to turn the product along the normal when meeting with the target, which creates a uniform functioning.

The disadvantages of the described analogue are the unsatisfactory reliability of the impact mechanism at the maximum flight range at minimum angles of contact with the obstacle, when there is not enough reaction force for the firing device to operate, and the lack of self-destruction mechanism, which reduces the functional reliability and effectiveness of the use of ammunition in case of miss by the target.

The noted drawbacks are eliminated in the lead fuse for small-caliber artillery rounds according to patent RU 2211437, F 42 C 9/14, 2003, which is selected by technical essence and the number of matching features as the closest analogue to the proposed one.

A well-known head fuse contains an executive detonator capsule closed with a shutter damper of a safety device, an inertial-reaction shock mechanism kinematically connected with a conical body fairing, an ignition device associated with the pyrotechnic charge of the self-liquidation beam detonator capsule, and an energy-containing power source, which is an ampoule an electrolytic battery closed to an optocoupler (electronic unit) connected to an electric igniter.

An ampoule battery with an optocoupler is connected via an RC retardation circuit.

The ball of the inertial-reaction shock mechanism is loaded with a spring-loaded contact of the electric detonator commutator adjacent to the self-liquidation detonator beam capsule and electrically closed by means of the contacts of the slide gate of the safety mechanism.

The slide gate is fixed with a rod stop

on a powder lock, communicating with an electric igniter.

Equipping the head fuse with a multi-stage (pyrotechnic, sequentially duplicated mechanical) safety device for the warhead detonation channel, which electrically blocks the operation of the electric detonator, increasing safety during official handling and operation.

The constructive execution of the inertial-reaction shock mechanism as a switch of the power circuit of the executive electric detonator expands the functions and ensures reliable operation of the fuse.

An electronic unit in the form of an optocoupler contactlessly controls the electric circuit of the fuse, providing isolation between them, increasing by an order of magnitude, compared with the pyrotechnic mechanism in the analogue, the accuracy of distant cocking.

However, a continuation of these advantages are inherent disadvantages.

The safety mechanism has a pyrotechnic shutter stopper gate valve, which determines a large variation in cocking time due to different combustion parameters of the pyrotechnic composition. In case of unauthorized heating of the ammunition during storage, spontaneous combustion of the pyrotechnic composition can occur with the subsequent operation of the electric detonator mounted on the firing line, and undermining the ammunition, which is unacceptable in official handling.

The design of the inertial-reaction mechanism is characterized by the complexity of assembling and fine-tuning miniature components in a wide range of operation, as well as low sensitivity, not providing guaranteed cocking of the fuse at large angles of contact of the munition with soft barriers.

The electronic unit (optocoupler) performs limited functions, being essentially a threshold device that connects an electric igniter to the power source.

The self-destruction mechanism, including an autonomous beam detonator capsule and a labyrinth powder slowdown charge, occupies a relatively large fuse volume, which limits the expansion of the main destination functions.

The energy of inertial pricking of an ampoule of an electrolytic battery is noticeably spent on overcoming the elastic forces of a cylindrical spring on which the ampoule is mounted. In official use, this spring prevents the ampoule from moving to the headpiece, therefore it must be stiff enough. In the serial production of a head fuse, fine-tuning the spring, based on unpleasant requirements, is practically impossible in statics, so there is a possibility of cases where the cap of the ampoule will pierce, but not split. In this case, the electrolyte from the ampoule, the opening of which is blocked by a nalik, does not pour out, which will lead to

fuse failure.

The problem to which the present invention is directed, is to increase the functional reliability of the head fuse and the expansion of technological capabilities with more accurate indicators of purpose.

The required technical result is achieved by the fact that in a known head fuse containing an actuating detonator capsule, closed by a slide gate of a safety mechanism having a spring actuator equipped with a rod stopper, which is electrically shorted in service to an igniter device interacting with the radiation detonator capsule, and shock inertial-reaction mechanism kinematically connected with the conical fairing of the body, as well as a power source made in the form of an electric trically connected to the electronic control unit of an ampoule electrolytic battery, the glass ampoule of which is mounted inside the plate electrodes with the possibility of longitudinal movement relative to the napolnik, according to the authors, the beam detonator capsule is mounted in the slide gate of the safety mechanism, the rod stopper of which is fixed to centrifugal carriages, while As an electronic unit, a microchip with a structural element control program is used, which communicates with the receiver an antenna mounted on a conical fairing, and the glass ampoule of the electrolytic battery is mounted on leaf springs cantilevered to the disk base in the tangential direction, protruding above it in the direction of rotation of the munition, and loaded with a massive sleeve, in the central window of which is placed, above the metal cap of the damping casing , the contact protrusion of the spring-loaded metal cover of the conical fairing, resting on a spiral spring installed in the annular groove of the body, scoop PNA operating function inertial reaction mechanism wherein nakolnik formed in a wedge or pyramid.

Distinctive features ensured the expansion of technological and functional capabilities of the compact head fuse for grenade launchers, which is characterized by safety in official handling and shooting, has increased sensitivity, especially when meeting at ricochet angles and with soft soils, guaranteed to provide the given accuracy of operation.

The loading of the ampoule of the electrolytic battery with a massive sleeve, which is installed due to the release of volume from the exclusion of pyrotechnic charges of the self-destruction mechanism and the drive of the stopper of the slide gate, increases its inertia and, ultimately, the fuse sensitivity.

Installation of a spring-loaded metal cover in a conical fairing of the housing with the possibility of interaction with the ampoule battery

provides the specified accuracy of the fuse when meeting an obstacle. The same contributes to the execution on the cover of the contact ledge, which is placed in the central window of the massive sleeve (load) above a metal cap electrically connected to the electronic control unit, a cap mounted on the battery damping casing.

The spiral spring installed in the annular groove of the casing, on which the longitudinally movable cowl cover rests, acts as a cocking mechanism, releasing the annular groove of the casing when unscrewing only on the flight path of the munition, under the action of centrifugal rotation forces. In official circulation, in the dynamics of the supply of ammunition in the paths of automatic artillery weapons and when fired, this coil spring in a twisted state is a hard stop that prevents the linear movement of the cover and, therefore, premature firing of the fuse.

The reaction action of the longitudinally movable cowl cover, together with an additional massive ampoule battery sleeve, by two orders of magnitude, compared with the prototype, increases the fuse sensitivity when meeting with loose soils.

The installation of the beam detonator capsule in the transversely movable slide gate of the safety mechanism ensures its use in the main functional purpose fire chain, with safe positioning inside the fuse case in the ammunition handling.

A tight connection between the rod stopper of the spring-loaded slide gate valve and centrifugal carriages reliably keeps the beam detonator capsule outside the fire chain until the ammunition is radially unwound in the gun barrel, which creates an additional level of protection, which increases the safety of storage and operation of artillery shots.

Centrifugal carriages are guaranteed, by definition, to ensure that the head fuse is triggered only on the flight path of the rotating munition, which increases functional reliability.

The use of a microcircuit with a program for controlling the structural elements of a fuse as an electronic unit freed up additional volume, compared with the optocoupler in the prototype, but most importantly, it expanded technological and functional capabilities while simplifying internal communications.

Equipping the head fuse with a receiving antenna, which is mounted on a conical fairing associated with a control chip, provides active input of operational information about the range and time of detonation with each shot. This additionally made it possible to exclude the autonomous self-destruction mechanism due to the universal response circuit of the elements of the fire chain from different time commands from the control chip program.

The installation of an ampoule of an electrolytic battery on leaf springs of the proposed design eliminates the inconsistency observed in criticism of the prototype: this type of spring reliably keeps the ampoule at a distance from the napolnik in official circulation and in the dynamics of the supply of ammunition in the arms paths, but on the trajectory under the influence of linear and radial acceleration forces most of the elastic forces are damped. In this case, almost the entire impulse of the inertia forces of the ampoule with the load of the massive sleeve, when meeting with an obstacle, is spent on interaction with the handpiece.

A preferred geometrical embodiment of a wedge-shaped nakolnik (a special case - a pyramid) gives a multiple increase in the transverse forces relative to the applied inertia force, which ensures a glass ampoule breaking, hard and brittle by definition. This is also facilitated by the radial force of rotation of the ampoule, the crack formed during the piercing of which develops on the contact edge of the stationary wedge.

Therefore, each essential feature is necessary, and their combination in a stable relationship is sufficient to achieve the novelty of quality, that is, the technical task posed is not solved by the sum of the effects, but by a new effect of the sum of the essential features.

A comparative analysis of the proposed technical solution with the identified analogues of the prior art, from which the utility model does not explicitly follow for the ammunition specialist, showed that it is not known, and taking into account the possibility of industrial serial production of the proposed head fuse for small-caliber artillery shots, we can conclude compliance with patentability criteria.

The invention is illustrated in the drawing, which shows:

figure 1 - head fuse, a longitudinal section;

figure 2 is a section along aa in figure 1;

figure 3 - plate spring ampoules;

figure 4 is the same, a top view;

5 is a wedge-shaped napkin;

figure 6 is the same pyramid.

The proposed head fuse (figure 1, 2) contains an executive detonator 1, closed by a slide gate valve 2 of the safety mechanism, in which a beam detonator capsule 3 is installed, fixed in official circulation outside the fire chain (on the left in the drawing).

An electric igniter 5 is mounted in the housing 4 on the fuse circuit, directly connected to the control chip 6 (electronic unit), the receiving antenna 7 of which is mounted on the conical fairing 8 of the housing 4.

In the fairing 8 with the possibility of longitudinal movement mounted metal cover 9, equipped with a contact protrusion 10. Cover 9

loaded with springs 11 and rests on a spiral spring 12, which is placed in the annular groove 13 of the housing 4.

Inside the fairing 8 in the housing 4, an energy-containing power source 14 is installed in the form of an electrolytic battery consisting of a glass ampoule 15 with an electrolyte 16 located inside the plate electrodes 17 above the stationary armpiece 18 made in the form of a wedge (Fig. 5) or a pyramid (Fig. 6) .

The ampoule 15 is supported by leaf springs 19 located tangentially and cantilevered at an angle in the direction of the ampoule 15. The leaf springs 19 are mounted in the disk support 20 from the side opposite to the rotation of the munition.

On top of the ampoule 15 through the damping casing 21 is loaded with a massive sleeve 22, in the central window of which is placed the contact protrusion 10 of the cover 9 and the metal cap 23 of the casing 21.

The electronic unit 6 is electrically connected to a power source 14 and an electric igniter 5.

The gate valve 2 (figure 2) has a spring drive 24 transverse to its movement. In the initial position, the shutter 2 is in the leftmost position according to the drawing, when the radial detonator capsule 3 is located behind the fire chain, where it is held by the rod stoppers 25 (Fig. 2), mounted on centrifugal carriages 26, loaded with springs 27. In this case, the spring contact 28 igniter 5 shorted to slide gate 2

The fuse works as follows.

When fired from artillery weapons under the action of inertia, the glass ampoule 15 dynamically moves under the action of the mass pulse of the sleeve 22 and the casing 21 from the bottom relative to the electrodes 17, compressing the leaf springs 19, and splits against the napkin 18. At the same time, the cover 9 is fixedly held by a spiral spring 12.

The electrolyte 16 is poured between the plate electrodes 17, on which a voltage appears due to electrochemical reactions and an electric current is generated, which energizes the microcircuit 6.

When you fly out of the barrel of the weapon through the receiving antenna 7, the electronic unit 6 receives information about the delay time, distant cocking (corresponding to a distance of 50 m). The self-destruction time (in particular 32 s) is set in the program of the microcircuit 6.

Under the action of the centrifugal forces of the rotating munition, a spiral spring 12 is untwisted, freeing the annular groove 13 in the housing 4, and the springs 27 (Fig. 2) of the carriages 26 are compressed, which move to the periphery, as a result of which the rod stops 25 release the slide gate 2. Under the action of forces spring 24 spring damper 2 is moved to the opposite extreme position, installing the beam detonator capsule 3 on the fire chain of interaction with the electric igniter 5 and the executive detonator 1. The fuse is ready for operation.

When the ammunition encounters a flight path with a target, a kinetic blow occurs, as a result of which the cover 9, compressing the springs 11, moves downward, with the protrusion 10 interacting with the cap 23. The electric pulse from this circuit enters the electronic unit 6, which generates a command to undermine the electric igniter 5 .

The torch of the combustion products of the pyrotechnic composition of the electric igniter initiates a beam detonator capsule 3, the blast wave of which triggers an executive detonator 1 through the influence, which undermines the filling of the projectile and grenade.

The sequence of actions is similar when the ammunition meets at maximum flight range with an obstacle at “zero” angles.

When the ammunition encounters an obstacle at ricochet angles, when the elastic forces of the springs 11 hold the cover 9 in the initial position, the ampoule 15 together with the casing 21 inertially continue longitudinal movement, as a result of which the cap 23 closes on the protrusion 10 of the cover 9. In this case, an electric pulse enters an electronic unit 6 that initiates an electric igniter 5.

The distance of remote detonation on the trajectory is set in the form of a time code entering the electronic unit 6 through the antenna 7 when fired, and the self-destruction time is recorded in its control program, but in principle it can be transmitted as the time of remote detonation.

At a given flight distance, a control pulse from block 6 is transmitted to an electric igniter 5 and, like the one described above, ammunition is undermined.

The exclusion from the structure of the fuse of the pyrotechnic charges of the interconnection of the executive elements freed up the volume inside the small-sized fuse design, which was significantly simplified, in particular, due to the reduction in the range of components. As a result, the manufacturing technology of the head fuse has been unified and its consumer value has been reduced.

The advantage of the proposed design is its suitability for firing from artillery systems that are not equipped with an information input device. In this case, the head fuse according to a utility model functions as a standard contact fuse.

A comparative analysis of the proposed technical solution with the identified analogues of the prior art, from which the utility model does not explicitly follow for the ammunition specialist, showed that it is not known, and taking into account the possibility of industrial serial production of the proposed head fuse for small-caliber artillery shots, we can conclude compliance with patentability criteria.

Claims (1)

A head fuse comprising an actuating detonator capsule closed by a slide gate of a safety mechanism having a spring actuator equipped with a rod stopper that is electrically short-circuited by an ignition device interacting with the radiation detonator capsule and an inertial-reaction shock mechanism kinematically associated with conical fairing of the housing, as well as a power source made in the form of an ampoule electrically connected to the electronic control unit a catholytic battery, the glass ampoule of which is mounted inside the plate electrodes with the possibility of longitudinal movement relative to the headpiece, characterized in that the beam detonator capsule is mounted in the slide gate of the safety mechanism, the rod stopper of which is mounted on centrifugal carriages, and a microcircuit with a program is used as an electronic unit control of structural elements, communicating with a receiving antenna mounted on a conical fairing, and a glass am The bulk of the electrolytic battery is mounted on leaf springs, cantileverly mounted to the disk base in a tangential direction, protruding above it in the direction of rotation of the ammunition, and loaded with a massive sleeve, in the central window of which is placed, above the metal cap of the damping casing, the contact protrusion of the spring-loaded metal cover of the conical fairing, based on a spiral spring installed in the annular groove of the housing, together acting as an inertial-reaction mechanism, moreover the nakolik is made in the form of a wedge or a pyramid.