RU2817273C1 - System of longitudinally and transversely inclined beds for plant growing - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: system of longitudinally and transversely inclined beds for plant growing has the same angle of inclination to the south and configuration, which includes two or more longitudinally inclined beds increasing from the south to the north, oriented along the length from the south to the north, and adjoining to them at right angle from the south side is a cross-inclined bed oriented along the length from the east to the west. Between the longitudinally inclined beds there are passages. Height of the wall of the transversely inclined bed and the height of the walls of the longitudinally inclined beds in the place of abutment are equal. Walls of the beds are reinforced with boards. To the longitudinally inclined beds on the north side there is another transversely inclined bed, having a height equal to the height of the walls of the longitudinally inclined beds in the place of adjoining. Longitudinally inclined beds are divided across their length by a through central passage with formation of rows in number of two and more, consisting of two successively arranged longitudinally inclined beds. Southern wall of each of the longitudinally inclined beds adjacent to the transversely inclined bed located on the northern side of the system has a height, less than the height of the north wall of each of the longitudinally inclined beds adjacent to the transversely inclined bed located on the south side of the system, calculated in accordance with the mathematical formula depending on the angle of inclination of the sun's rays, at which the shading of the upper surface of the longitudinally inclined bed adjacent to the northern transversely inclined bed is excluded, longitudinally inclined bed, located with it in the same row to the south through the central passage and adjacent to the southern cross-inclined bed.

EFFECT: reducing the height of the system of beds in its northern part, leading to a decrease in the volume of excavation during the formation of beds and an increase in the convenience of their maintenance, provision of sufficient level of solar insolation of beds, increase of useful area occupied by beds for plant growing, improvement of access to beds in the central part of bed system.

1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

Field of technology to which the invention relates

The invention relates to the field of plant growing and can be used in growing fruits and vegetables and other plants.

State of the art

The closest to the claimed technical solution is the technical solution under the RF patent for invention No. 2785666, Bondarev Oleg Vsevolodovich (RU), A01G 9/28, publ. 12/12/2022, which presents a system of sloping beds for crop production, containing beds that have the same angle of inclination to the south; There are passages between the beds, the beds are made increasing in height from south to north; the bed system has a configuration that includes one transversely inclined bed, oriented along its length from east to west, and adjacent longitudinally inclined beds of two or more identical geometric parameters, oriented along its length from south to north; the height of the wall of the transversely inclined bed and the height of the walls of longitudinally inclined beds at the junction are equal; longitudinally inclined beds are adjacent to a transversely inclined bed at a right angle, and the walls of the beds are reinforced with sides.

The general features that coincide with the essential features of the claimed invention are: a system of inclined beds for crop production, having a configuration that includes two or more longitudinally inclined beds, oriented along the length from south to north, and adjacent to them at right angles on the south side there is a transversely inclined bed, oriented along its length from east to west; there are passages between the longitudinally inclined beds; the height of the wall of the transversely inclined bed and the height of the walls of longitudinally inclined beds at the junction are equal; The walls of the beds are reinforced with sides.

The technical problem, which could not be solved using the closest analogue of the invention, is a significant increase in the height of the system of inclined beds, especially its northern part, which is associated with large monetary and labor costs, as well as with increased inconvenience, up to the impossibility of servicing the northern parts of the system, while trying to increase the level of their insolation (by increasing the angle of inclination to the south of the beds of the system) to increase the yield, limiting the possibility of increasing the sown area with the existing configuration of the system, the absence of a through, central passage from east to west in the system (for example, in a greenhouse ), which is sometimes necessary for users (gardeners and gardeners). The technical result provided by the invention is a reduction in the height of the bed system in its northern part, leading to a reduction in the volume of excavation work when forming beds and increasing the ease of their maintenance, reducing the volume of materials and costs for manufacturing the sides of the beds, while maintaining the values of the angle of inclination of the soil surface to sun, which ensures a sufficient level of solar insolation of the beds, an increase in the usable area occupied by the beds for crop production, expanding the operational capabilities of the inclined beds system, improving access to the beds in the central part of the beds system, which is achieved by implementing a system of longitudinally and transversely inclined beds for crop production , having the same angle of inclination to the south and a configuration that includes two or more longitudinally inclined beds increasing from south to north in height, oriented along the length from south to north, and adjacent to them at right angles on both sides of the south and northern transversely inclined beds, oriented along their length from east to west; there are passages between the longitudinally inclined beds; the height of the wall of the transversely inclined bed and the height of the walls of longitudinally inclined beds at the junction are equal; the walls of the beds are reinforced with sides; longitudinally inclined beds are divided across their length by a through, central passage with the formation of rows of two or more, consisting of two successively located longitudinally inclined beds; the southern wall of each of the longitudinally inclined beds adjacent to the transversely inclined bed located on the northern side of the system has a height less than the height of the northern wall of each of the longitudinally inclined beds adjacent to the transversely inclined bed located on the southern side of the system , calculated in accordance with a mathematical formula depending on the angle of inclination of the sun's rays, at which shading of the upper surface of the longitudinally inclined bed adjacent to the northern transversely inclined bed, by the longitudinally inclined bed located in the same row with it, to the south through the central passage and adjacent to the southern cross-sloping bed.

With this implementation of the system, it becomes possible, while maintaining the values of the angle of inclination of the soil surface to the sun, at which a sufficient level of solar insolation of the beds is ensured, to reduce the height of the northern part of the system, because the surface of the longitudinally inclined beds and the adjacent transversely inclined bed system located on the north side is located parallel below the surface of the longitudinally inclined beds and the adjacent transversely inclined bed system located on the south side of the closest analogue of the invention, which in turn will lead to to reduce the volume of excavation work when forming beds and increase the convenience of their maintenance, reducing the volume of materials and costs for manufacturing the sides of the beds. An increase in the usable area occupied by beds for crop production is ensured by the implementation of a bed system with two transversely inclined beds adjacent to longitudinally inclined beds simultaneously on the southern and northern sides of the bed system. Expanding the operational capabilities of the inclined bed system by improving access to the beds in the central part of the bed system becomes possible by creating a through, central passage dividing the longitudinally inclined beds across with the formation of rows consisting of two successively located longitudinally inclined beds.

Brief description of drawings

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where in Fig. 1 shows a top view of a fragment of a system of longitudinally and transversely inclined beds; Fig. Figure 2 shows a side sectional view of this bed system.

Positions in the figures are designated:

1 - transversely inclined bed located on the south side of the system,

2 - longitudinally inclined beds of the southern part of the system (longitudinally inclined beds adjacent to the transversely inclined bed located on the southern side of the system),

3 - longitudinally inclined beds of the northern part of the system (longitudinally inclined beds adjacent to the transversely inclined bed located on the northern side of the system),

4 - transversely inclined bed located on the northern side of the system,

5 - northern wall of the transversely inclined bed of the northern part of the system (northern wall of the system),

6 - through, central passage of the system,

7 - system of inclined beds of the closest analogue of the invention,

8 - northern walls of longitudinally inclined beds of the closest analogue of the invention,

9 - rays of the sun,

10 - greenhouse,

11 - proposed system of longitudinally and transversely inclined beds,

12 - passages between longitudinally inclined beds, including passages between longitudinally inclined beds and the eastern and western sides of the system (end walls of the greenhouse), if any.

Carrying out the invention

In fig. 1 and fig. Figure 2 shows the proposed system of longitudinally and transversely inclined beds in comparison with system 7 of the closest analogue of the invention. These bed systems are shown for the option of placing them in a greenhouse, oriented lengthwise from east to west, so that, first of all, its southern side is open to the sun. The proposed system of longitudinally and transversely inclined beds 11 has southern and northern parts, separated by a through, central passage 6. The southern part of this system has a configuration that contains longitudinally inclined beds 2 increasing in height from south to north, oriented lengthwise from the south to the north, and one uniting them, transversely inclined bed 1, located along the entire length of the system on their southern side and oriented along its length from east to west. In this case, the longitudinally inclined beds 2 are closely adjacent to the transversely inclined bed 1 at right angles. The longitudinally inclined beds 2 have the same geometric parameters, namely, length, height of the southern wall, height of the northern wall. The height of the wall of a transversely inclined bed and the height of the walls of longitudinally inclined beds at the junction are equal. The transversely inclined bed 1 of the southern part of the proposed system is located on the south side in relation to the longitudinally inclined beds 2, while the transversely inclined bed is the lowest of all the beds, the height of its southern wall h1 has the smallest value. The through, central passage 6 of the system is located along the northern walls of the longitudinally inclined beds 2.

The northern part of the system has a configuration that contains longitudinally inclined beds 3 increasing in height from south to north, oriented in length from south to north, and one uniting them, transversely inclined bed 4, oriented in length from east to west and located on the northern side of the system along its entire length. At the same time, the longitudinally inclined beds 3 are also closely adjacent to the transversely inclined bed 4 at right angles. The longitudinally inclined beds 3 have the same geometric parameters, namely, length, height of the southern wall, height of the northern wall. The height of the wall of the transversely inclined beds 4 and the height of the walls of the longitudinally inclined beds 3 at the junction are equal.

All beds have the same angle of inclination to the south, selected depending on the geographic latitude of the area. When reaching (and exceeding) the upper limit of this angle of 40 degrees, maintenance of sloped beds can be difficult. Between the longitudinally inclined beds 2, as well as between the longitudinally inclined beds 3, there are passages 12, which, like passage 6, are horizontal, which is convenient for operation.

The transversely inclined bed 4 of the northern part of the proposed system is located on the north side in relation to the longitudinally inclined beds 3. At the same time, the longitudinally inclined beds 3 have southern walls with a height h3, which has the lowest value compared to the height of the southern wall h4 transversely inclined beds 4. The through, central passage 6 of the system, with a width Шп (see Fig. 1 and Fig. 2), is located along the southern walls of the longitudinally inclined beds 3. The through passage of the system 7 of the closest analogue of the invention with the same width Шп , is not central and is located along the northern walls 8 (shown by the dashed line) of its longitudinally inclined beds.

The northern wall of transversely inclined bed 1, the southern part of the proposed system, has a height H1, calculated in accordance with the mathematical formula (formula 1):

H1=h1+tgα × B1, where

H1 - height of the northern wall of transversely inclined bed 1,

h1 - selected height of the southern wall of transversely inclined bed 1,

α is the selected angle of inclination of the beds to the sun,

B1 - selected width of transversely inclined bed 1.

The northern walls of longitudinally inclined beds 2 have a height H2, calculated in accordance with the mathematical formula (formula 2):

H2=h2+tgα × A2, where

H2 - height of the northern walls of longitudinally inclined beds 2,

h2 - the height of the southern walls of longitudinally inclined beds 2 is equal to the height H1 of the northern wall of transversely inclined beds 1,

α is the selected angle of inclination of the beds to the sun,

A2 - selected length of longitudinally inclined beds 2.

The height of the southern walls of the longitudinally inclined beds 3 of the southern part of the proposed system h3 is determined depending on the angle of inclination of the sun's rays β in a particular area so that the longitudinally inclined beds 2 do not shade the longitudinally inclined beds 3 located to the north, for example, their upper surfaces at the moment the time by which the configuration (geometry) of the proposed system is determined, for example, at the time of the start of preparing the beds for planting (sowing) work (see Fig. 2). In later months, including summer, the absence of shading and an increase in insolation area will be all the more achievable, since the sun will be higher and the angle of inclination of the rays will become greater. Thus, the angle of inclination β to determine the configuration of the bed system can be selected depending on the geographic latitude of the area. For example, the angle β can be chosen equal to 50°, which corresponds to the angle of inclination of the rays in April in the central zone of the Russian Federation (at the time of the start of preparing the beds for planting (sowing) work after the winter break). But for this example, the case of using greenhouse beds of a year-round greenhouse in the winter months and, associated with this, reducing the angle of the sun's rays β from 50° to, for example, 25° (Fig. 2) was selected (shown). That is, the area of shading of beds 3 by beds 2 is below the line of the sun's ray passing through the highest, northern point (line) of longitudinally inclined beds 2, located at height H2. When shading the plane corresponding to the southern wall of the beds 3 with a longitudinally inclined bed 2 (when the said line of the sun's ray at the moment of time by which the geometry of the system is determined intersects the vertical plane, which is a continuation of the southern wall of the beds 3), so that the beds 2 do not shade the upper surface beds 3 located to the north, the height h3 of the southern walls of longitudinally inclined beds 3 (Fig. 2) should be calculated in accordance with the mathematical formula (formula 3):

h3=Н2 - tgβ × Шп, where

h3 - the height of the southern walls of the longitudinally inclined beds 3, equal to the height of the northern walls of the central passage,

H2 - the height of the northern walls of longitudinally inclined beds 2, equal to the height of the southern walls of the central passage,

β is the angle of inclination of the sun's rays 9, at the moment of time by which the geometry of the system is determined.

Шп - selected width of the through, central passage 6 of the system. The height of the walls h3, in the complete absence of shading of the beds 3 by the more southern beds 2, can be chosen in an arbitrary manner with a possible even more significant reduction in their height and the costs of forming the beds of the system. In this case, the line of the sun's ray passing through the highest, northern point (line) of the longitudinally inclined beds 2, at the moment of time by which the geometry of the system is determined, falls to the bottom of the central passage 6 of the system and the longitudinally inclined beds 3 are completely open to the sun. In later months, including summer, the absence of shading will be ensured, since the sun will be located higher and the angle of inclination of the rays will become greater.

The northern walls of the longitudinally inclined beds 3 have a height NZ, calculated in accordance with the mathematical formula (formula 4):

H3=h3+tgα × A3, where

H3 - height of the northern walls of longitudinally inclined beds 3,

h3 - the height of the southern walls of longitudinally inclined beds 3,

α is the selected angle of inclination of the beds to the sun,

A3 - selected length of longitudinally inclined beds 3.

The northern wall 5 of the transversely inclined bed 4 (the highest) has a height H4, calculated in accordance with the mathematical formula (formula 5):

H4=h4+tgα × B4, where

H4 - height of the northern wall 5 of the transversely inclined bed 4,

h4 - the height of the southern wall of the transversely inclined beds 4, equal to the height H3 of the northern walls of the longitudinally inclined beds 3,

α is the selected angle of inclination of the beds to the sun,

B4 is the selected width of the transversely inclined bed 4. The through passage of the system of the closest analogue of the invention is located on the north or south side of the system. In fig. 1 and fig. 2 with a dashed line shows a variant of the location of such a passage on the northern side of the prototype system 7 (along the northern walls 8 of its longitudinally inclined beds). The through passage 6 of the proposed system with a width Шп (see Fig. 1 and Fig. 2) is located in the center of this system between its southern and northern parts, which allows for an increase in the useful (crop) area occupied by the beds of the proposed system 11 compared with the prototype system 7. This increase is shown by the shaded areas in FIG. 1 and its area is calculated in accordance with the mathematical formula (formula 6):

S=B4*C*N, where

S is the area of increase in the useful (sown) area of the system,

B4 - selected width of transversely inclined bed 4,

C - selected passage width 12,

N - number of passages 12 between longitudinally inclined beds, including passages between longitudinally inclined beds and the eastern and western sides of the system (end walls of the greenhouse), if any. The proposed system of longitudinally and transversely inclined beds for crop production can be used both when growing plants in the open ground and in various types of greenhouses, including a greenhouse for homestead and summer cottage farming.

The sum of the width B1 of the transversely inclined bed located on the southern side of the system and the length A2 of any of the longitudinally inclined beds adjacent to it is equal to the sum of the width B4 of the transversely inclined bed located on the northern side of the system and the length A3 of any of the longitudinally inclined beds beds adjacent to it.

As a result of transforming the above formulas (1-5), the height H4 of the northern wall of the transversely inclined bed 4 can also be calculated using the formula (formula 7):

Н4=h1+tgα × (B1+А2+A3+В4) - tgβ × Шп,

from which it can objectively follow that its height, compared to the height of the northern walls of the bed system in the prototype, is reduced by the amount tgβ × Шп. The walls of the beds are reinforced with sides.

A system of longitudinally and transversely inclined beds for crop production can be formed as follows.

If there is no southern slope on the ground that meets the requirements, and in order to avoid the formation of an expensive artificial fill slope (especially for a vegetable garden), which requires a large amount of excavation work, use the proposed system of inclined beds on a horizontal platform with the height of the beds increasing from south to north to imitate the required southern slope , ensuring all beds receive equal amounts of sunlight.

When forming the proposed system of inclined beds, the height of the northern wall of the highest bed of the proposed system is of great importance, because The volume of materials and costs for manufacturing the fence (sides) of the beds, the volume of excavation work during their formation and the degree of convenience in servicing the beds depend on this parameter. The angle of inclination of the beds to the south is chosen depending on the geographic latitude of the area; the higher the latitude, the greater the slope is recommended; the further north the area, the more important the slope of the soil; when choosing the angle of inclination, it is also necessary to take into account the dependence of the amount of absorbed solar energy on the position of the sun during days in different months of the year, but at the same time, when the angle of inclination increases above 40°, difficulties may arise when servicing the system of inclined beds, and problems arise with certain types of irrigation. Taking into account all the factors, the most optimal values for the angle of inclination of the beds are in the range from 5° to 20°, which is stated by various specialists in the field of crop production who have studied the issue of choosing the optimal angle of inclination of the beds and have proven this statement with their experiments (see https://vsaduidoma. com/2017/08/17/naklonnaya-teplaya-gryadka-svoimi-rukami-shema-i-konstmkciya/; https://gubernia.media/number_36/20rphp, etc.). The procedure for forming a system of longitudinally and transversely inclined beds for plant growing is the same, both when growing plants in open ground and when growing plants in greenhouses of different types.

As an example, in the description of the invention in FIG. 1, fig. 2 shows the order of formation on a horizontal surface of a system of longitudinally and transversely inclined beds in a greenhouse 10, 5 m wide, oriented along the length from east to west, so that, first of all, its southern side is open to the sun. In this case, the angle of inclination of the beds a is chosen equal to 15°, and the height h1 of the southern wall of the transversely inclined bed 1 of the southern part of the system is equal to 0.3 m, while the width B1 of this bed, as well as the width B4 of the transversely inclined bed 4 of the northern part system, selected equal to 0.5 m to ensure convenient access to any point from passages 12. In this example, the length A2 of longitudinally inclined beds 2 and A3 of longitudinally inclined beds 3 is chosen the same, equal to 1.6 m, and their width equal to 1 m, which is convenient for working in this bed with plants from different inter-bed passages 12. The selected width C of passages 12 is 0.5 m, and Шп - the width of the through, central passage of the system is selected equal to 0.8 m. In this case, the angle of inclination solar rays β to determine the configuration of the bed system is chosen to be 25°.

Based on the angle of inclination a, the southern height h1 of the transversely inclined bed 1 and the value of the width of this bed B1, the height H1 of the northern side of the transversely inclined bed 1 is determined in accordance with the mathematical formula H1=h1+tgα × B1, which, with the selected initial values h1=0 .3 m, α=15°, B1=0.5 m will be 0.43 m.

Also, based on the angle of inclination a, the height of the southern walls h2 of the longitudinally inclined beds 2, equal to the height H1, and the value of the length A2 of the longitudinally inclined beds 2, the height H2 of the northern walls of the longitudinally inclined beds 2 of the southern part of the system is determined using the formula H2=h2+tgα × A2, which for the above value h2=H1=0.43 m and the selected initial values α=15° and A2=1.6 m will be 0.86 m.

The height h3 of the southern walls of longitudinally inclined beds 3 (Fig. 2), determined by the formula h3=H2 - tgβ × Шп, for this example (H2=0.86 m, β=25°, Шп=0.8 m) is equal 0.5 m, and the height H3, calculated by the formula H3=h3+tgα × A3, with h3=0.5 m, α=15° and A3=1.6 m will be 0.93 m. The value of the height H4 of the northern wall the highest bed of the proposed system (northern wall 5 of the transversely inclined bed 4), determined by the formula H4=h4 + tgα × B4, with h4=H3=0.93 m, α=15° and B4=0.5 m equal to 1 .07 m.

For comparison, the height of the northern wall 8 of the highest bed of the system 7 of the closest analogue of the invention (prototype) with the same values of the height of the southern side of the system (h1=0.3 m), the angle of inclination of the beds (α=15°) and the same width values (5 m) of the system (greenhouse) and the width of the through passage (W=0.8 m) will be 1.48 m (Fig. 2). Thus, the use of the proposed system of beds makes it possible to significantly reduce the maximum height of the beds of the system and the height of their fence in comparison with the closest analogue of the invention (prototype) while maintaining the angle of inclination of the beds and the level of insolation. In this example, the reduction in the maximum height of the beds from 1.48 to 1.07 m will be 28%. This is of great importance because... This parameter determines the volume of materials and costs for manufacturing the fencing of the beds, the volume of excavation work during their formation and the degree of convenience when servicing the beds. In addition, if the height of the beds of 1.07 m in the proposed system may be acceptable for modern “high” beds and their maintenance, then with the height of the prototype beds of 1.48 m, fruitful work with them may be difficult, and for people with a certain growth is simply impossible.

At the same time, the use of the proposed system of beds while maintaining their maximum height of 1.48 m (H4 = 1.48 m) would, in this example, allow one to gain an advantage in the level of insolation of the beds due to . increasing the angle of inclination of the ground surface to the sun a, for example from 15° to 20° (with h3=0.72 m, β=25°, H2=1.09 m, h1=0.33 m). The amount of increase in the useful (sown) area of the beds of the proposed system compared to the system of the closest analogue of the invention (prototype), shown in the shaded areas in Fig. 1, depends on N - the number of passes 12. For example, with N=15 this increase, determined by the formula S=B4×ON, with B4=0.5 m and C=0.5 m will be 3.75 m ² , which 2.3 times the area of one longitudinally inclined bed (1.6 ^m2 ) for this example of a system of longitudinally and transversely inclined beds, i.e. in this case, the use of the proposed system makes it possible to obtain additional useful (sowing) area in the amount of two and one third of longitudinally inclined beds.

The system of longitudinally and transversely inclined beds for crop production allows you to select the desired size of the maximum height of the northern beds of the system by changing the pre-selected initial values of the bed parameters (especially the angle of inclination) used in the mathematical formulas used for the calculation.

The procedure for calculating the parameters of a system of longitudinally and transversely inclined beds is the same both for forming a system of inclined beds in open ground and when growing plants in greenhouses of different types. The proposed system of beds may contain a different number of longitudinally inclined beds, while it is possible to calculate the parameters of both individual beds and the entire system as a whole. The length of transversely inclined beds 1 and 4 is determined by the width and number of longitudinally inclined beds 2 and 3, both parameters are optional values, determined depending on the needs and capabilities of the user using the proposed system of inclined beds.

The shape and size of the sides correspond to the shape and size of the walls of the beds. Various hard materials are used as materials for making the sides of beds, for example, metal, plastic, etc.

It is believed that at large angles of inclination of the beds, problems may arise with certain types of irrigation, which decrease with normal soil looseness. It should be noted that with a large angle of inclination of the beds, preference may be given to drip irrigation with droppers stuck into the soil in the area of the plant stem.

A system of longitudinally and transversely inclined beds for growing plants, which can be used in greenhouses, hotbeds and open ground, allows you to increase the level of insolation and obtain warm beds, which is especially important for central Russia, where there is a lack of heat, and, first of all, , the heat of the earth. It is the lack of warming up of the soil in this area after prolonged winter freezing that can be the main negative factor for the development of plants and large yields. The use of this system is aimed at reducing the significance of this factor and its possible elimination. As long as the sun is shining, even for a short period, the soil of sloping beds will be heated better than that of conventional beds with a horizontal top surface. Conditions for crop production, and, consequently, yields, will be better even in cloudy times (season), since a significant part of the sun's rays (energy) in this case penetrates through the clouds. At the same time, the use of a system of longitudinally and transversely inclined beds makes it possible to obtain a significant increase in the level of insolation due to an increase in the angle of inclination of the soil surface to the sun at an acceptable height of the beds, convenient for their maintenance, as well as an increase in the sown area (compared to the closest analogue) . According to information from the source: the book “Triangular miracle beds” / P.F. Trannoy - “ACT-PRESS”, 2007According to P.F. Trannois, every 10°C increase in soil temperature doubles the rate of chemical reactions. Thus, if there is an increase in temperature by 10°C to a soil temperature range favorable for plants (18-25°C) by replacing conventional beds with sloping ones, then the plant roots will work (suck up food) twice as well, which will ensure an increase plant growth to the same extent. Moreover, the greater the difference in development, the longer the period from the moment of planting, which leads to a significant increase in yield. The use of a system of longitudinally and transversely inclined beds in the southern regions is also of great importance, as it allows creating favorable conditions for plants at an early stage of life, that is, in early spring, which significantly improves their development and yield. Despite the fact that in the southern regions there may be enough heat in the summer, the harvest is highly dependent on the warming of the soil at the time of planting and the beginning of the growing season. In addition, when used in closed ground conditions, the proposed system, which has only one end-to-end, longitudinal (central) passage, allows, regardless of the width of the greenhouses, oriented lengthwise from east to west, to create separate zones for plants requiring different climatic conditions. conditions, by installing transverse partitions with only one door in such a through passage.

Claims (6)

A system of longitudinally and transversely inclined beds for crop production, having the same angle of inclination to the south and configuration, which includes two or more longitudinally inclined beds increasing in height from south to north, oriented along the length from south to north, and adjacent to them at right angles on the south side is a transversely inclined bed, oriented along the length from east to west, between the longitudinally inclined beds there are passages, the height of the wall of the transversely inclined bed and the height of the walls of the longitudinally inclined beds at the adjacent location are equal, the walls of the beds reinforced with sides, characterized in that another transversely inclined bed is adjacent to the longitudinally inclined beds on the north side, having a height equal to the height of the walls of the longitudinally inclined beds at the point of contact; the longitudinally inclined beds are divided across their length by a through central passage to form rows in the amount of two or more, consisting of two successively located longitudinally inclined beds, the southern wall of each of the longitudinally inclined beds adjacent to the transversely inclined bed located on the northern side of the system has a height less than the height of the northern wall of each of the longitudinally - inclined beds adjacent to the transversely inclined bed located on the southern side of the system, while the height of the southern wall of each of the longitudinally inclined beds adjacent to the northern transversely inclined bed when shading the plane of this southern wall with a longitudinally inclined bed located with it one row to the south through the central passage and adjacent to the southern transversely inclined bed, depending on the angle of inclination of the sun's rays, which eliminates the shading of the upper surface of the longitudinally inclined bed adjacent to the northern transversely inclined bed by the longitudinally inclined bed located to the south through the central passage and adjacent to the southern transversely inclined bed, located in the same row with it, is calculated in accordance with the mathematical formula: h3=Н2 - tgβ × Шп, where h3 - the height of the southern walls of the longitudinally inclined beds adjacent to the northern transversely inclined bed, equal to the height of the northern walls of the central passage, H2 - the height of the northern walls of the longitudinally inclined beds adjacent to the southern transversely inclined bed, equal to the height of the southern walls of the central passage, β is the angle of inclination of the sun's rays at the moment of time by which the geometry of the system is determined, Шп - the selected width of the through central passage of the bed system.

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