RU2800824C1 - Method of forest reclamation on saline lands with a deep occurrence of saline groundwater and a system for its implementation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates can be used in the cultivation of woody vegetation on saline lands with a deep level of saline groundwater. The method consists in the fact that on saline soils along the line of the tree or shrub planting route, a trench is torn off and steam condenser pipes are laid in it, one end of which is connected to a salt water evaporator, and the other to a desalinated water storage tank, the condenser pipes are covered with a layer 0.15-0.20 m of soil, which is covered with a geotextile screen, and a perforated soil humidifier pipe connected to a source of salt water is laid on it, and the trench is covered with soil to a depth of 0.5-0.6 m from the earth's surface, the walls and the bottom of the rest of the trench are lined with a membrane film to the surface, a layer of sand is laid on top of the membrane film at the bottom, in which perforated pipes for subsoil irrigation are placed, connected to a pump installed in a desalinated water storage tank, after which the trench is filled with saline soil to the surface of the site with the formation of a ridge over it. Desalinated water is accumulated in the storage tank due to the formation of steam in the salt water evaporator and its condensation in the condenser pipes. Salt water is fed simultaneously into the evaporator pipe and the perforated soil humidifier pipe. Desalinated water from the storage tank is pumped into perforated pipes of subsoil irrigation with filling the pores of the soil with it in the volume limited by the membrane film. Water is supplied until the salt content in this soil drops to the standard level. After the water supply is stopped, the ridge is leveled, and trees or shrubs are planted in the washed soil, followed by watering with desalinated water from the storage tank through perforated subsoil irrigation pipes. The system for implementing the method includes a source of salt water, an air heater, a salt water evaporator, perforated pipes for subsoil irrigation, coupled with an exhaust pipe, and is equipped with steam condenser pipes made in the form of smooth polymer pipes with a diameter of 63-110 mm, a length of 100-200 m laid with a slope of at least 0.003 in a trench 2.5-3.0 m deep, one end of which is connected to the salt water evaporator, and the other to the desalinated water storage tank. The condenser pipes are covered with a soil layer of 0.15-0.20 m, which is covered with a geotextile screen, and a perforated soil humidifier pipe with a diameter of 25-32 mm, a length of 100-200 m is laid on it, connected to a source of salt water and covered with soil to depths of 0.5-0.6 m from the surface of the earth. The walls and bottom of the rest of the trench are covered with a membrane film to the surface. Perforated pipes of subsoil irrigation with a diameter of 25-32 mm and a length of 100-200 m are laid on top of the membrane film at the bottom in sandy filling, connected through a water level regulator to a pump installed in a desalinated water storage tank. From the sandy filling to the surface of the site, the trench is filled with saline soil with the formation of a 25-30 cm high ridge above the surface.

EFFECT: it is possible to grow tree and shrub vegetation on saline soils in the absence of fresh water sources.

2 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The present invention relates to the field of agriculture and can be used in the cultivation of woody vegetation on saline lands with a deep level of saline groundwater.

A known method of forest reclamation of saline lands, including the introduction of gypsum, deep plowing, snow retention with the accumulation of 500-600 mm of water, two-year fallowing, plowing the site, planting rows of seedlings and subsequent 3-4-fold loosening of inter-row strips (RF Patent No. 2689537, IPC A01V 79 / 02, published 2019, Bulletin No. 16).

The disadvantage of this method is that it is unsuitable for growing trees and shrubs on lands with deep saline groundwater in the absence of a drainage system for draining wash water, since after washing the arable layer with a norm of 500-600 mm without draining wash water, capillary movement of salts washed into the soil will inevitably occur. soil underlying the arable layer and secondary salinization of the arable layer of the soil, which will lead to the death of the planted plants. The construction of a drainage system requires significant capital expenditures.

There is a known method of restoring the forest properties of saline soils, including pre-planting preparation of soils by carrying out flushing irrigation with fresh water and radical chemical reclamation with the introduction of a biophytomeliorant, planting tree plantations followed by irrigation with fresh water (RF Patent No. 2388210, IPC A01V 79/00, publ. 2010 , bul. No. 13).

The disadvantages of this method are the need to supply fresh water for washing the soil and subsequent irrigation of the trees, as well as the construction of a drainage system to divert the washing water to avoid re-salinization of the washed soil.

Known "Method of irrigation of perennial plantations with mineralized water and a device for its implementation" (RF Patent No. 2703185, A01G 25/06, publ. 2019).

This method includes taking salt water from a water source, evaporating it in a solar evaporator, saturating air heated to +60-70°C with water vapor, supplying air saturated with steam to perforated sprinklers laid in the zone of plant roots, and obtaining desalinated irrigation water. by condensation of steam due to the temperature difference between the soil and the supplied air saturated with steam. The system for implementing this method includes a salt water source, an air heater, a salt water evaporator, a steam condenser and perforated sprinkler pipes laid in the zone of tree roots (RF Patent No. 2703185, A01G 25/06, publ. 2019).

The disadvantage of this method is its unsuitability for irrigation of saline lands due to the formation of a salty soil solution in the soil when desalinated water is supplied, causing the death of trees.

These shortcomings can be eliminated by the method of forest reclamation on saline lands with deep occurrence of saline groundwater, including the supply of salt water from a water source to the evaporator, the supply of preheated air to the evaporator, its saturation with salt water vapor, steam condensation and the supply of desalinated water to perforated pipes of subsoil irrigation, in which, according to the invention, a trench is torn off on saline soils along the line of a tree or shrub planting route, its bottom is covered with a waterproof polymer film and steam condenser pipes are laid, one end of which is connected to a salt water evaporator, and the other to a desalinated water storage tank, pipes -capacitors are covered with a layer of 0.15-0.20 m of soil, which is covered with a geotextile screen, and a perforated soil humidifier pipe connected to a source of salt water is laid on it, and the trench is covered with soil to a depth of 0.5-0.6 m from the surface of the earth, the walls and the bottom of the rest of the trench to the surface are lined with a membrane film, at the bottom a layer of sand is laid over the membrane film, in which perforated pipes for subsoil irrigation are placed, connected to a pump installed in a storage tank of desalinated water, after which the trench is filled with saline soil to the surface of the site with the formation of a ridge above it, then the accumulation of desalinated water in the storage tank is carried out due to the formation of steam in the salt water evaporator and its condensation in the condenser pipes, while salt water is supplied simultaneously to the evaporator and perforated pipe-humidifier of the soil, desalinated water from the storage tank is pumped into perforated pipes of subsoil irrigation with filling the soil pores with it in the volume limited by the membrane film, water is supplied until the salt content in this soil drops to the standard level, after the water supply is stopped, the ridge is leveled, and planted in the washed soil trees or shrubs, followed by irrigation with desalinated water from a storage tank through perforated pipes of subsoil irrigation.

The system for implementing the method of forest reclamation on saline lands with deep occurrence of saline groundwater, including a source of salt water, an air heater, a salt water evaporator, perforated subsoil irrigation pipes associated with an exhaust pipe, according to the invention, it is equipped with steam condenser pipes made in the form smooth polymer pipes with a diameter of 63-110 mm, a length of 100-200 m, laid with a slope of at least 0.003 in a trench 2.5-3.0 m deep, one end of which is connected to a salt water evaporator, and the other to a desalinated water storage tank , condenser pipes are laid on a polymeric waterproof film and covered with a 0.15-0.20 m soil layer, which is covered with a geotextile screen, and a perforated soil humidifier pipe with a diameter of 25-32 mm, a length of 100-200 m, connected to to the source of salt water and covered with soil to a depth of 0.5-0.6 m from the surface of the earth, the walls and bottom of the rest of the trench to the surface are covered with a membrane film, perforated pipes of subsurface irrigation with a diameter of 25-32 mm and a length of 100-200 m, connected through a water level regulator to a pump installed in a desalinated water storage tank, from the sandy backfill to the surface of the trench area, the trench is filled with saline soil with the formation of a ridge 25-30 cm high above the surface.

A new technical result from the application of the proposed method for reforestation of saline lands with deep saline groundwater using a system for its implementation is to create the possibility of growing tree and shrub vegetation on settled soils in the absence of fresh water sources by washing the soil and then irrigating the trees with desalinated water, derived from saline groundwater.

The essence of the proposal is illustrated by the drawing, where figure 1 shows a general view of the system from above; figure 2 is a view of the system in section along a-a; figure 3 - view of the system in section B-B; figure 4 is a view of the system in section B-B; figure 5 shows a view of the trench in cross section.

A system for implementing the method of reforestation of saline lands with a high level of occurrence of saline groundwater is built on site 1 of planting a forest belt. It includes a salt water source 2, from which a water supply pipeline 3 departs, supplying salt water to the salt water evaporator 4, equipped with an air heater 5. A pipeline 6 departs from the evaporator 4, to which steam condenser pipes 8 are connected in wells 7, laid along the bottom trenches 9. A pipeline 10 is also connected to the source of salt water 2, coupled with a distribution pipe 11, to which perforated pipes - soil dampeners 12 are connected, laid in trenches 9 above the steam condenser pipes 8. The ends of the steam condenser pipes 8 are connected by collectors 13, mounted in storage tanks of desalinated water 14 and equipped with exhaust devices 15. Drives 14 are connected to each other by a non-discharging siphon 16 equipped with a vacuum pump 17. At the bottom of one of the storage tanks 14, a pump 18 is placed, the injection pipe 19 of this pump is led into the well 20, associated with the distribution pipeline 21. This pipeline is connected to the pipe 22, connected by means of valves 23 through the outlet pipeline 24 with perforated pipes of subsoil irrigation 25, laid in the upper part of the trenches 9. In the well 20 there is a water level controller 26 connected by a wire 27 to the pump 18. In the upper part of the exhaust pipe 15, a fan 28 with a drive 29 is mounted. The bottom of the trench 9 is covered with a waterproof polymer film 30, on which steam condenser pipes 8 are laid, covered with a layer of soil 31, covered with a geotextile screen 32. A perforated pipe is laid on this screen - soil humidifier 12. The walls of the upper part of the trench 9 are covered with a membrane film 33, and the subsoil irrigation pipes 25 are covered with a protective layer 34 of synthetic material and placed in sandy 35. In the immediate vicinity of the subsoil irrigation pipes 25 are the roots 36 of a tree 37. In the zone the location of the roots, a soil moisture sensor 38 is installed. Before flushing, a ridge 40 is formed above the saline soil layer 39.

The implementation of the method of forest reclamation of saline lands with deep occurrence of saline groundwater using the proposed system is carried out in the following sequence:

In section 1, trenches 9 are excavated with a depth of 2.5-3.0 m and a width of 1.5-2.0 m, with a bottom slope of more than 0.003. Such a slope ensures the speed of water flow through the pipes, preventing the deposition of sediment. The depth and width of the trench depend on the mechanical composition of the soil - on light soils with a lower height of capillary rise of moisture, it is less, and on heavy soils it is more. At the bottom of this trench, covered with a polymer film 30, steam condenser pipes 8 are laid, the ends of which are connected in wells 7 to a pipeline 6 connected to a salt water evaporator 4 associated with an air heater 5. The evaporator 4 is connected using a water supply pipeline 3 to the source of salt water 2. The second ends of the pipes 8 are connected to the collector 13, located in the storage tank of desalinated water 14. A layer of soil 31, 0.15-0.20 m thick, is poured onto the surface of the pipes - steam condensers 8 and covered with a screen 32 from geotextiles. A perforated soil dampening pipe 12 is laid on this screen, which is connected in the well 7 to the distribution pipe 11, connected via a pipeline 10 to a source of salt water 2. The trench 9 above the pipe 12 is filled with soil to a level of 0.5-0.6 m from field surface. The walls and the bottom of the remaining part of the trench up to the surface 9 are covered with a membrane film 33, on the surface of this film a sand sprinkling 34 with a thickness of 0.10-0.15 m is formed, inside which perforated subsoil irrigation pipes 25 are laid, covered with a protective layer 35 of polymer fabric. Above the backfill 34, trench 9 is filled with soil to form ridges 40. Perforated pipes 25 with pipes 24, through valves 23, are connected to a pipe 22 connected by a distribution pipeline 21 to a well 20. In this well, a water level controller is installed with the ability to move in a vertical plane 26, connected by a wire 27 to a pump 18 located in the lower part of the storage tank of desalinated water 14. The injection pipe 19 of this pump is led into the well 20. Adjacent storage tanks 14 are interconnected by a non-discharging siphon 16, equipped with a vacuum pump 17. To the collector 13 an exhaust pipe 15 is attached, at the upper end of which a fan 28 is mounted, equipped with a drive 29. After the installation of the system is completed, the accumulation of desalinated water begins. Salt water from the water source 2 is fed through the pipeline 3 to the evaporator 4, where heated air is supplied from the heater 5. At the same time, the supply of salt water through the soil humidifier pipe 12 is turned on. Flowing out of this pipe, water, spreading over the screen 32, reaches the bottom of the trench 9, covered with a polymer film 30, moistening the soil layer 31 in the area where the steam condenser pipes 8 are located. Maintaining this soil layer when wet, provides heat removal from the surface of these pipes. Desalinated water for washing the soil 39, limited by the membrane film 33, is collected in storage tanks 14 by condensation in pipes 8, through which steam from the evaporator 4 moves under the action of the vacuum created by the fan 28 in the exhaust pipe 15. In the process of moving through the condenser pipes steam 8, the temperature of the air saturated with moisture drops to the temperature of their walls, corresponding to the temperature of the soil at a depth of 2.5-3 Ohm. When the air is cooled, desalinated water is released, which flows from the pipes 8 through the collector 13 into the storage tanks 14. In this case, the placement of the pipes 8 in the soil layer 31, moistened with salt water from the pipes 12, ensures the removal of heat from the surface of the pipes 8. When accumulated in tanks -accumulators 14 of desalinated water above the level of the end sections of the non-discharging siphon 16 with the help of a vacuum pump 17 charge the siphon. During its operation, the level of filling with water of the associated reservoirs 14 is equalized. After a sufficient amount of desalinated water enters the reservoirs 14, washing of the soil 39 begins. pump 18. Water through the injection pipe 19 enters the well 20, from where it goes through the distribution pipeline 21 into the pipe 22, and from it into the perforated pipes of subsoil irrigation 25. The water level regulator 26 ensures that the well 20 is filled to a level corresponding to the surface of the plot 1. Water, under the action of the pressure created in the well 20, it exits through the perforation of the subsoil irrigation pipes 25 and fills both the capillary and non-capillary pores of the saline soil 39. In the process of filling the pores of the soil 39 with desalinated water, the salts contained in it are dissolved, and the capillary movement of the salt solution to the surface of the ridges 40. The water level in the soil during flushing is maintained using the regulator 26 at the height of the surface of section 1. If it is exceeded, the regulator 26 sends a command to turn off the pump 18 via wire 27. When the water level in the well 20 drops below the surface of section 1, the regulator sends a command to turn on the pump 18. As the moisture evaporates, the surface of the combs 40 is covered with a white coating of salt. Periodically produce sampling of soil 39 for analysis on the content of salts. When their content decreases to the standard level, the washing is completed by closing the valve 23. When the soil in the ridges 40 reaches the state of physical ripeness, they are leveled, the soil from them is moved to the adjacent territory. After the washed soil 39 dries out, planting pits are dug in it and trees 37 are planted, placing the roots 36 in the pits and falling asleep with the washed soil. A humidity sensor 38 is installed in the area where the roots 36 are located.

After planting is completed, irrigation is carried out. Before the start of each irrigation, the water level regulator 26 in the well 20 is installed at the height of the surface of the sand layer 34. The valve 23 is opened, the pump 18 is turned on and water is supplied to the well 20, from where it flows through the distribution pipeline 21 and pipe 22 into the perforated pipes of subsoil irrigation 25 At the same time, the water level in the soil 39, limited by the membrane film 33, is maintained at the height of the top of the sand bed 34. Therefore, the moistening of the soil 39 in the zone of the roots 36 occurs only through the capillary pores, and the non-capillary pores remain filled with air, which provides a favorable water-air root layer regime. The membrane film prevents water from escaping outside the wetted volume of soil 39, but at the same time ensures gas exchange with the surrounding soil. The water supply during irrigation is carried out, guided by the readings of the soil moisture sensor 38. After reaching the moisture level of the root-inhabited soil layer of 85-90% HB, the pump 18 is turned off. The next watering is carried out in accordance with the given irrigation regime, guided by the readings of the humidity sensor 38, installed in the area where the roots 36 of the trees 37 are located.

As an example of the implementation of the proposed method for reforestation of saline lands with a high level of saline groundwater, we consider the cultivation of woody vegetation in the desertification zone of the Chernozemelsky region of the Republic of Kalmykia.

The climate in the Republic of Kalmykia is sharply continental. The number of sunny days per year averages 165, including 120 days in the summer period with a sunshine duration of 10-12 hours. A feature of the Black Lands is the active advance of the desert with the movement of sand. The most effective way to fix moving dunes is forest plantations, however, in many cases, climatic and soil-hydrological conditions limit the possibility of growing trees and shrubs. So a significant part of the territory is occupied by saline sands and salt marshes. There are no sources of fresh water, and groundwater is at a depth of 13-30 m and contains 10-15 g/l of salt, that is, it is not suitable for irrigation. The soil in the area considered as an object for applying the proposed method of forest reclamation is sandy loamy, saline. The type of salinization is chloride-sulphate, the thickness of the saline soil exceeds 100 cm, the average content of the dense salt residue in a meter layer is 1.5%.

The forest belt includes two rows of shrubs (tamarisk and golden currant), which are planted on strips 2 m wide and separated by row spacing of 4 meters with a distance between bushes of 1.5 m.

The implementation of the method of forest reclamation of saline lands with deep occurrence of saline groundwater using the proposed system is carried out in the following sequence:

In section 1, trenches 9 are excavated with a depth of 3.0 m and a width of 1.5 m, with a bottom slope of more than 0.004. Such a slope ensures the speed of water flow through the pipes, preventing the deposition of sediment. The bottom of this trench is covered with a polymer film 30 and steam condenser pipes 8 are laid, the ends of which are connected in wells 7 to a pipeline 6 connected to a salt water evaporator 4 associated with an air heater 5. The evaporator 4 is connected to a source of salt water using a water supply pipeline 3 2. The second ends of the steam condenser pipes 8 are connected to the collector 13 located in the desalinated water storage tank 14. A layer of soil 31 with a thickness of 0.15 m is poured onto the surface of the steam condenser pipes 8 and covered with a geotextile screen 32. A perforated soil dampening pipe 12 is laid on this screen, which is connected in a well 7 to a distribution pipe 11 connected via a pipeline 10 to a source of salt water 2. The trench 9 above the pipe 12 is filled with soil to a level of 0.5 m from the field surface. The walls and bottom of the remaining part of the trench 9 are covered with a membrane film 33, on the surface of this film a sandy layer 34 with a thickness of 0.10 m is formed. Perforated pipes of subsoil irrigation 25 are laid inside the layer 34, covered with a protective layer 35 of polymer fabric. Above the backfill 34, the trench 9 is filled with soil with the formation of ridges 40 0.3 m high. in the vertical plane, the water level regulator 26, connected by wire 27 to the pump 18, located in the lower part of the storage tank of desalinated water 14. The injection pipe 19 of this pump is led into the well 20. Adjacent storage tanks 14 are interconnected by a non-discharging siphon 16, equipped with a vacuum pump 17. An exhaust pipe 15 is connected to the collector 13, at the upper end of which a fan 28 is mounted, equipped with a drive 29. After the installation of the system is completed, the accumulation of desalinated water begins. Salt water from the water source 2 is fed through the pipeline 3 to the evaporator 4, where heated air is supplied from the heater 5. At the same time, the supply of salt water through the soil humidifier pipe12 is turned on. Flowing out of this pipe, water spreading over the screen 32 reaches the bottom of the trench 9, covered with a polymer film 30, moistening the soil layer 31 in the area where the steam condenser pipes 8 are located. Keeping this soil layer in a wet state ensures heat removal from the surface of these pipes. Desalinated water for washing the soil 39 is collected in storage tanks 14 by condensation in pipes 8. Steam from the evaporator 4 moves through these pipes under the action of the vacuum created by the fan 28 in the exhaust pipe 15. In the process of moving through the steam condenser pipes 8, the air temperature, saturated with moisture, decreases to the temperature of their walls, corresponding to the temperature of the soil at a depth of 3.0 m. When the air cools, desalinated water is released, which settles on the walls of the pipes 8 and flows out of them through the collector 13 into the accumulators 14. In this case, the placement of pipes 8 in the layer soil 31, moistened with salt water from pipes 12, provides heat removal from the surface of pipes 8. When desalinated water accumulates in storage tanks 14 above the level of the end sections of the non-discharging siphon 16, the siphon is charged using a vacuum pump 17. During its operation, the level of filling with water of the associated reservoirs 14 is equalized. After a sufficient amount of desalinated water enters the reservoirs 14, washing of the soil 39 is started. Under each row there is one pair of perforated pipes of subsoil irrigation 25. For flushing, the water level regulator 26 in the well 20 is set at a mark corresponding to the surface of section 1. The valves 23 on the first pair of pipes of subsoil irrigation 25 are opened, and on the second pair they are closed and the pump is turned on 18. Water through the injection pipe 19 enters the well 20, from where through the distribution pipeline 21 into the pipe 22, and from it into the perforated pipes of subsoil irrigation 25. The water level regulator 26 ensures that the well 20 is filled to a level corresponding to the surface of the site 1. Water under the action The pressure created in the well 20 exits through the perforation of the pipes 25 and fills both the capillary and non-capillary pores of the saline soil 39. In the process of filling the pores of the soil 39 with desalinated water, the salts contained in it dissolve and the capillary movement of the saline solution to the surface of the ridges 40. Level water in the soil during flushing is maintained with the help of regulator 26 at the height of the surface of section 1. If it is exceeded, regulator 26 sends a command to turn off pump 18 via wire 27. When the water level in well 20 drops below the surface of section 1, the regulator sends a command to turn on pump 18 As moisture evaporates, the surface of the ridges 40 becomes covered with a white coating of salt. Periodically produce sampling of soil 39 for analysis on the content of salts. When their content is reduced to 0.4% of the dense residue, the washing is completed by closing the valve 23. After that, the valve 23 is opened on the second pair of pipes 25. Here, the process of filling with desalinated water and washing the soil 39 is repeated to the level of the content of the dense salt residue of about 4%. Such a high content of salt residue in the washed soil is allowed due to the fact that, due to subsoil irrigation, the process of desalinization of the root zone 38 will continue during subsequent irrigation irrigations with the removal of salt to the surface. When the soil in the ridges 40 reaches the state of physical ripeness, the soil is leveled from them in the adjacent territory. After the washed soil 39 dries out, planting pits are dug in it and shrubs are planted, placing the roots 36 in them and falling asleep with the washed soil. A humidity sensor 38 is installed in the area where the roots 36 are located.

After planting is completed, irrigation is carried out. Before the start of each irrigation, the water level regulator 26 in the well 20 is installed at the height of the surface of the sand layer 34. The valve 23 on the first pair of subsoil irrigation pipes 25 is closed, and on the second pair it is opened. Then the pump 18 is turned on and water is supplied to the well 20, from where it flows through the distribution pipeline 21 and the pipe 22 into the perforated pipes of subsoil irrigation 25. At the same time, the water level in the soil 39, limited by the membrane film 33, is maintained at the height of the top of the sand bed 34. Therefore, moistening of the soil 39 in the area of the roots 36 occurs only through capillary pores, and non-capillary pores remain filled with air, which ensures a favorable water-air regime of the root layer. The membrane film prevents water from escaping outside the wetted volume of soil 39, but at the same time ensures gas exchange with the surrounding soil. Water supply during irrigation is carried out, guided by the readings of the soil moisture sensor 38 until the humidity level reaches 85-90% HB. Then the valve 23 at the second pair of sprinklers 25 is closed and the valve 23 of the first pair of subsoil irrigation pipes 25 is opened and desalinated water is supplied to the soil 39. After reaching the moisture level of the root layer of the soil in the zone of their action of 85-90% HB, the pump 18 is turned off. The next watering is carried out in accordance with the given irrigation regime, guided by the readings of the humidity sensor 38, installed in the area of the roots 36 of the shrub 37. Water is supplied by sequentially switching from one pair of pipes 25 to another after bringing the soil moisture to a predetermined level.

Thus, the application of the proposed method of forest reclamation of saline lands with deep occurrence of saline groundwater using a system for its implementation allows washing saline soil and subsequent irrigation with desalinated water obtained from saline groundwater.

Claims (2)

1. The method of forest reclamation on saline lands with deep occurrence of saline groundwater, including the supply of salt water from a water source to the evaporator, the supply of preheated air to the evaporator, saturation of it with salt water vapor, steam condensation and the supply of desalinated water to perforated pipes of subsoil irrigation, characterized in that that on saline soils along the line of the tree or shrub planting route, a trench is torn off, its bottom is covered with a waterproof polymer film and steam condenser pipes are laid, one end of which is connected to a salt water evaporator, and the other to a desalinated water storage tank, the condenser pipes fall asleep a layer of 0.15-0.20 m of soil, which is covered with a geotextile screen, and a perforated soil humidifier pipe connected to a source of salt water is laid on it, and the trench is covered with soil to a depth of 0.5-0.6 m from the earth's surface , the walls and bottom of the rest of the trench are lined with a membrane film to the surface, a layer of sand is laid on top of the membrane film at the bottom, in which perforated pipes for subsoil irrigation are placed, connected to a pump installed in a desalinated water storage tank, after which the trench is filled with saline soil to the surface section with the formation of a ridge above it, then the accumulation of desalinated water in the storage tank is carried out due to the formation of steam in the salt water evaporator and its condensation in the condenser pipes, while salt water is supplied simultaneously to the evaporator pipe and the perforated soil humidifier pipe, desalinated water from the storage tank is pumped into perforated pipes of subsoil irrigation with filling of soil pores with it in the volume limited by the membrane film, water is supplied until the salt content in this soil drops to the standard level, after the water supply is stopped, the ridge is leveled, and trees are planted in the washed soil or shrubs, followed by irrigation with desalinated water from a storage tank through perforated pipes of subsoil irrigation. 2. A system for implementing the method of forest reclamation on saline lands with deep saline groundwater, including a source of salt water, an air heater, a salt water evaporator, perforated pipes for subsurface irrigation associated with an exhaust pipe, characterized in that it is equipped with steam condenser pipes, made in the form of smooth polymer pipes with a diameter of 63-110 mm, a length of 100-200 m, laid with a slope of at least 0.003 in a trench 2.5-3.0 m deep, one end of which is connected to a salt water evaporator, and the other to a tank - storage of desalinated water, pipes-condensers are laid on a polymer waterproof film and covered with a layer of soil 0.15-0.20 m, which is covered with a geotextile screen, and a perforated pipe-soil humidifier with a diameter of 25-32 mm, a length of 100- 200 m, connected to a source of salt water and covered with soil to a depth of 0.5-0.6 m from the surface of the earth, the walls and bottom of the rest of the trench to the surface are covered with a membrane film, at the bottom in sandy sprinkling, perforated pipes of subsurface irrigation with a diameter of 25- 32 mm and a length of 100-200 m, connected through a water level regulator to a pump installed in a desalinated water storage tank, from the sandy backfill to the surface of the trench area is filled with saline soil with the formation of a ridge 25-30 cm high above the surface.