RU2787480C1 - Gas purification device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: gas purification.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to devices for purifying gas from impurities. The gas purification device includes a cylindrical vertically oriented housing consisting of two parts located one above the other. In the upper part there are pipes with channels for the supply of liquid and gas, in the lower part there are pipes with channels for the discharge of liquid and gas. At least one mixing unit and a separation unit placed under it are installed in the housing. The mixing unit includes a shell with slits in the walls formed by blades located at an angle tangent to the circle. The upper part of the shell is closed by the upper disk. The lower part of the shell is fixed on the lower disk, which contains a central hole. The separation unit contains a base in the form of a truncated cone, with its smaller base facing the central hole of the lower disk of the mixing unit. The separation unit contains a hollow cylinder, its upper part connected to the lower part of the base. The inlet part of the gas outlet channel is located in the inner space of the cylinder. The distance between the upper part of the gas outlet channel and the lower part of the cylinder is 50-70% of the distance between the lower part of the cylinder and the lower part of the housing.

EFFECT: invention provides an increase in the efficiency of gas purification and the performance of the device.

8 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The technical solution relates to devices for gas purification from impurities through the contact of gas and liquid media.

A solution is known from the prior art, which is a device for purifying gas and air, including a housing with nozzles for supplying and discharging gas and liquid and placed in it a gas-liquid mixture swirler and a separator. The device contains one or more mixing stages located coaxially along the vertical, each of which is made in the form of a swirler, which is a cylindrical shell with tangential slots and straight blades mounted tangentially to the inner circle, and the end of the shell, facing the incoming mixture flow, is closed disk in such a way that, when spreading, the mixture enters through the slots into the space between the blades, and from the other end of the shell blades are fixed on the disk with a central hole designed to exit the swirling foamed gas-liquid flow. The separator is a rigidly fixed static element placed under the central hole of the disk of the last mixing stage, blocking the cross section of the outgoing flow and using centrifugal forces from the swirl of the gas-liquid flow at the outlet of the swirler to separate the liquid and gas. RF patent No. 2404838, IPC B01D 3/30; B01D 53/18, issued 11/27/2010.

Known technical solution, selected as the closest analogue, which is a device for gas purification, including a housing with nozzles for supplying gas and liquid in its upper part and with nozzles for draining liquid and gas in its lower part. The housing consists of at least two parts located one above the other, and mixing blocks placed one above the other in it, each of which has a shell with tangential slots in the walls formed by blades, and a separation block, including a lower base in the form on the base truncated cone, and containing a peak made along the perimeter of the lower base of the separation block and forming a gap between the separation block and the inner surface of the walls of the housing. RF patent No. 2672426, IPC B01D 3/30; B01D 53/18, published 11/14/2018.

The control of the exclusion of water droplets entering the inlet part of the gas outlet channel in the closest analogue is carried out by reducing the pressure of water supplied for gas purification and by selecting the geometry of the separation unit body.

A distinctive feature of the proposed technical solution is the presence of a hollow cylinder in the separation block, its upper part connected to the lower part of the base.

The technical result of the proposed technical solution is manifested in increasing the efficiency of gas purification and the performance of the device for gas purification.

Improving the efficiency of gas cleaning and the performance of the gas cleaning device is achieved, in particular, due to the possibility of reducing the resistance provided by the structure and, as a result, reducing the required fan power required to force the flow into the device, as well as due to the possibility of increasing the liquid flow, supplied for gas purification.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the device for gas purification, including a cylindrical vertically oriented body, consisting of at least two parts located one above the other, in the upper part of which there are branch pipes with channels for supplying liquid and gas, and in the lower part of the pipe with channels for draining liquid and gas, while at least one mixing block is installed in the housing, and a separation block placed under it, the mixing block includes a shell with slots in the walls formed by blades located at an angle to the tangent to the circle, the upper part of the shell is closed by the upper disk, the diameter of which is equal to the diameter of the shell, and the lower part of the shell is fixed on the lower disk, which contains a central hole, the diameter of which is less than the diameter of the shell, the separation block contains a base in the form of a truncated cone, facing its smaller base to the center hole of the lower disk of the mixing block a, the separation unit contains a hollow cylinder, connected with its upper part to the lower part of the base, while the inlet part of the gas outlet channel is located in the inner space of the cylinder.

A hollow cylinder located in the separation block, connected by its upper part to the lower part of the base, prevents liquid from entering the inlet part of the gas outlet channel. All liquid, including splashes, passes through the gap between the outer wall of the cylinder and the inner wall of the housing. The claimed design makes it possible to increase the efficiency of gas purification and the productivity of the gas purification device due to the possibility of increasing the flow of liquid supplied for gas purification and increasing the area of the holes for the passage of liquid and gas, which leads to a decrease in the resistance of the device structure to flow.

The execution of the base of the separation block in the form of a truncated cone, facing its smaller base to the central hole of the lower disk of the mixing block, allows you to increase the cross-sectional area of the separation block, which, in turn, reduces the resistance of the device. This allows you to increase the performance of the device without increasing the power of the blower or suction fan, which affects the efficiency of the device as a whole. With this form of execution of the base of the separation block, the mixture of liquid and gas continues to move in a spiral, descends along the cone-shaped surface of the lower base of the separation block and, passing between the blades of the separation block, receives additional acceleration.

The presence of the blades of the separation block, oriented in the opposite direction than the blades of the mixing blocks, provides a directed passage of the flow, which receives additional acceleration. Further, the flow, at the exit from the slots of the separation block, hits the walls of the housing, the liquid flows down and then leaves through the liquid outlet pipe, and the gas rises and exits through the gas outlet pipe. The visor, made along the perimeter of the separation block and forming a gap between the separation block and the inner surface of the housing walls, does not allow the liquid deposited from the gas-liquid mixture to flow down the outer lower surface of the cone-shaped base and enter the outlet for the purified gas.

Preferably, the distance between the top of the gas outlet and the bottom of the cylinder is 50-70% of the distance between the bottom of the cylinder and the bottom of the housing. The declared range is optimal for achieving the highest efficiency and performance of the device. When making a design with a distance between the upper part of the gas outlet channel and the lower part of the cylinder is less than 50% of the distance between the lower part of the cylinder and the lower part of the body, it is necessary to weaken the power of the liquid flow to prevent drops from entering the gas outlet channel. When a design is made with a distance between the upper part of the gas outlet channel and the lower part of the cylinder of more than 70% of the distance between the lower part of the cylinder and the lower part of the housing, an unjustified increase in the material consumption of the gas purification device occurs.

The execution of the channel for supplying gas along a curved line with a variable radius of curvature provides a preliminary acceleration of the flow before it enters the mixing unit, which improves the performance of the device. In addition, this design allows to reduce the height of the device, and, as a result, by reducing the resistance provided by the structure, the required fan power required to force the flow into the device.

When each lower disk of the mixing block is fixed rigidly and tightly between the housing flanges and the lower disk is made larger in diameter than the internal diameter of the housing, the passage of the gas-liquid flow along the walls of the housing, bypassing the mixing blocks, is excluded, which increases the efficiency of the device. This design also allows, if necessary, to quickly and easily disassemble the body and clean or replace the mixing unit.

Hatches for maintenance of the mixing unit, made in the wall of the housing, allows you to quickly and independently inspect the structural elements of the mixing unit. If necessary, through the hatches, it is also possible to carry out appropriate repairs or replacement of defective elements. The implementation of at least three hatches for maintenance of the mixing unit located equidistantly so that the angle of the sector bounded by radii leading to two adjacent hatches is 120°, allows you to provide the largest observable area inside the structure: any part of the mixing unit can be inspected through the nearest hatch to this area.

Seals, preferably silicone, installed along the perimeter of the hatch for servicing the mixing unit, are a reliable means of sealing the device. At the same time, for its quick depressurization, necessary for inspecting the structure, it is enough to disconnect the locks and remove the hatch cover. Locks should be understood as any device that allows you to open and close the hatch cover.

The claimed technical solution is further explained with the help of figures, which conditionally represent one of the possible versions of the device for gas purification.

In FIG. 1 is a sectional side view of the gas purification device.

In FIG. 1 shows a device (1) for gas purification, including a housing (2), a branch pipe (3) for supplying liquid and a branch pipe (4) for supplying gas, a mixing unit (5), including a shell (6) with slots in the walls formed by blades ( 7), upper disk (8) and lower disk (9) with a central hole (10), separation block (11), blades (12) of the separation block, base (13), cylinder (14), branch pipe (15) for removal liquid and channel (16) for gas removal.

Next, with reference to the figures, the construction of the device (1) for gas purification is described.

The device (1) for gas purification includes a cylindrical vertically oriented body (2) consisting of at least two parts located one above the other. In the upper part of the body (2) there is a branch pipe (3) for supplying liquid and a branch pipe (4) for supplying gas, and in the lower part there is a branch pipe (15) for draining liquid and a channel (16) for draining gas. At least one mixing block (5) and a separation block (11) placed under it are installed in the housing (2). There can be several branch pipes (3) for supplying liquid, in accordance with the number of mixing blocks (5) in the design of the device (1).

The mixing block (5) includes a shell (6) with slots in the walls formed by blades (7) located at an angle to the tangent to the circle, the upper part of the shell (6) is closed by the upper disk (8), the diameter of which is equal to the diameter of the shell (6) , and the lower part of the shell (6) is fixed on the lower disk (9), which contains a central hole (10), the diameter of which is smaller than the diameter of the shell (6), the separation block (11) contains a base (13) in the form of a truncated a cone facing its smaller base to the central hole (10) of the lower disk (9) of the mixing block (5).

The separation block (11) contains a hollow cylinder (14), with its upper part connected to the lower part of the base (13), while the inlet part of the gas outlet channel (16) is located in the inner space of the cylinder (14). The lower part of the base (13) can be made with a visor connected to the cylinder (14).

Preferably, the distance between the upper part of the gas outlet channel (16) and the lower part of the cylinder (14) is 50-70% of the distance between the lower part of the cylinder (14) and the lower part of the housing (2).

In the preferred embodiment, at least three hatches for servicing the mixing unit (5) are made in the wall of the housing (2), located equidistantly relative to each other so that the angle of the sector limited by radii leading to two adjacent hatches is 120°. Seals are installed along the perimeter of hatches for maintenance of the mixing unit (5). Preferably, hatch covers for maintenance of the mixing unit (5) are fixed to the wall of the housing (2) by means of locks.

In the preferred embodiment, part of the body (2) is a cylindrical body with flanges made with the possibility of connecting the parts of the body (2) to each other, while the lower disk (9) of the mixing unit (5) is rigidly fixed between the flanges of the parts of the body (2) .

Preferably, the separation block (11) includes vanes (12) oriented in the opposite direction to which the vanes (7) of the mixing block (5) are oriented.

The channel (16) for supplying gas can be made along a curved line with a variable radius of curvature. In other words, the channel (16) is made along a curve that describes arcs of circles with linearly varying radii, while the center of the circle with the smallest radius determines the gas flow inlet to the mixing unit (5). The classic example of such a curve is a flat spiral.

The following is one of the preferred options for using a device for cleaning the gas-air mixture from dust using the example of a design with two mixing blocks (5).

A gas-air mixture is supplied to the device (1) through a pipe (4) for supplying gas, and a liquid, for example, water, is fed through pipes (3). At the same time, due to the preferred shape of the gas supply channel, the swirling gas flow already at the inlet to the mixing unit (5) has an acceleration sufficient for effective gas purification.

Liquid and gas-air mixture fill the space of the housing (2) of the first mixing unit (5), preferably through the holes in the shell (6) evenly spaced along the side surface. The blades (7) of the mixing block (5), located at an angle to the tangent to the circumference of the shell (6), forming slots in it, are the only entrance to the mixing block (5) for the mixture of gas-liquid flow, since the shell (6) is closed from above by the upper disk (8), and from below the shell (6) is fixed on the lower disk (9), which is hermetically and rigidly fixed to the walls of the housing (2) with the help of flanges. The gas-liquid flow, passing through the slots of the shell (6), moves along the blades (7), which gives it a rotational circular motion in the direction of the blades (7). Under the action of centrifugal forces, the liquid entering the mixing unit (5) is pressed against the inner surface of the shell (6), where it is constantly untwisted by the incoming gas. In this case, a gas-liquid ring is formed inside the mixing block (5), which is held on the inner surfaces of the shell (6). Gas and liquid move along a spiral path from the periphery to the center. Since the speed of the gas is tens of times higher than the speed of the liquid, when it passes through a rotating gas-liquid ring, the gas and liquid are crushed in the field of centrifugal forces into very small bubbles with a developed quickly renewed contact surface, which ensures thorough mixing of gas and liquid until it fills the space shells (6), reaching the central hole (10) of the lower disk (9). In this case, the mixing block (5) itself remains stationary, only the gas-liquid ring rotates. Further, through the hole (10) of the lower disk (9), the gas-liquid flow enters the second mixing block (5), which operates similarly to the first one, in which it is also untwisted and crushed to form a gas-liquid ring. If the contact time between gas and liquid is not enough in the first two mixing blocks (5) for the required mixing parameters, then the device (1) can be equipped with any number of similar blocks (5) that provide the necessary time for gas-liquid contact and the degree of their mixing. In the process of mixing the gas-air mixture and the liquid, the dust adheres to the liquid bubbles at the interfaces. After leaving the last mixing block (5), the gas-liquid mixture enters the separation block (11), where the liquid phase and gas are separated. In this case, the gas-liquid flow, continuing to move in a spiral, descends along the cone-shaped surface of the base (13) of the separation unit (11) and, passing between the blades (12), receives additional acceleration. Further, the flow hits the walls of the housing (2), the liquid, with dust particles contained in it, flows down and is removed through the branch pipe (15) to drain the liquid, and the gas exits through the branch pipe of the channel (16) to drain the gas.

The hollow cylinder (14), connected with its upper part to the lower part of the base (13), performs the function of a screen, preventing liquid particles from entering the inlet part of the gas outlet channel (16).

The purified gas-air mixture, which has passed through several mixing blocks (5), after the separation block (11), enters the gas outlet channel (16), and after leaving it, can be returned to the room or vented to the atmosphere, or collected in a tank for further use.

The claimed device can be widely used: for absorption purification of gases from harmful impurities (oxides of sulfur, nitrogen; hydrogen fluoride and chloride, chlorine, fluorine, ammonia, etc.), wet purification of ventilation emissions from fine dust, evaporative humidification and air cooling , flue gas temperature reduction, exhaust gas heat recovery.

The presented figures, description of the design and use do not exhaust the possible options for execution and do not limit in any way the scope of the claimed technical solution. Other variants of execution and use within the scope of the claimed formula are possible. Depending on the purpose, the gas purification device can be manufactured in different sizes, colors and configurations.

Claims (8)

1. A device for gas purification, including a cylindrical vertically oriented body, consisting of at least two parts located one above the other, in the upper part of which there are branch pipes with channels for supplying liquid and gas, and in the lower part - pipes with channels for draining liquid and gas, while at least one mixing block and a separation block placed under it are installed in the housing, the mixing block includes a shell with slots in the walls formed by blades located at an angle to the tangent to the circle, the upper part of the shell is closed by an upper disk, the diameter of which is equal to the diameter of the shell, and the lower part of the shell is fixed on the lower disk, which contains a central hole, the diameter of which is less than the diameter of the shell, the separation block contains a base in the form of a truncated cone, facing with its smaller base to the central hole of the lower disk of the mixing block, which differs the fact that the separation unit contains a hollow cylinder connected with its upper part to the lower part of the base, while the inlet part of the gas outlet channel is located in the inner space of the cylinder. 2. A gas purification device according to claim 1, characterized in that the distance between the upper part of the gas outlet channel and the lower part of the cylinder is 50-70% of the distance between the lower part of the cylinder and the lower part of the body. 3. A device for gas purification according to claim 1, characterized in that at least three hatches for servicing the mixing unit are made in the wall of the housing, located equidistant relative to each other so that the angle of the sector bounded by radii leading to two adjacent hatches is 120°. 4. A gas purification device according to claim 3, characterized in that seals are installed along the perimeter of the hatches for servicing the mixing unit. 5. A device for gas purification according to claim 3, characterized in that the manhole covers for maintenance of the mixing unit are fixed to the housing wall by means of locks. 6. The gas purification device according to claim 1, characterized in that the body part is a cylindrical body with flanges configured to connect the body parts to each other, the lower disk of the mixing unit is rigidly fixed between the flanges of the body parts. 7. The gas purification device according to claim 1, characterized in that the separation unit includes blades oriented in the direction opposite to the side in which the blades of the mixing unit are oriented. 8. A device for gas purification according to claim 1, characterized in that the gas supply channel is made along a curved line with a variable radius of curvature.

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