RU2811229C1 - Water purification device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: gas purification.

SUBSTANCE: technical solution relates to devices for purifying gas from impurities through contact of gas and liquid media. The gas purification device includes a housing, in the upper part of which there is a pipe for supplying liquid and a pipe for supplying gas. The housing contains at least one mixing unit, including a shell with slots in the walls. The upper part of the shell is closed by an upper disk, the diameter of which is equal to the diameter of the shell, and the lower part of the shell is fixed on the lower disk, which contains a central hole, the diameter of which is smaller than the diameter of the shell. In this case, it contains a container for liquid installed under the lower part of the housing, having an opening in the upper part located under the central hole of the lower disk, including a pipe for draining liquid and a pipe for removing gas. In this case, the cross-sectional area of the container is larger than the area of the central hole of the lower disk. A baffle to separate liquid particles from the gas flow is fixed in the container under the hole in its upper part. The edges of the baffle are located outside the contour formed by orthogonal projections of the edge delimiting the openings of the container, lowered towards the plane of the cutter.

EFFECT: improved efficiency of the gas purification device.

7 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to devices for purifying gas from impurities through contact of gas and liquid media.

A solution is known from the prior art, which is a device for purifying gas and air, including a housing with pipes for supplying and discharging gas and liquid, and a gas-liquid mixture swirler and separator located in it. The device contains one or more mixing stages located coaxially vertically, each of which is made in the form of a swirler, which is a cylindrical shell with tangential slots and straight blades installed tangentially to the inner circumference, and the end of the shell facing the incoming mixture flow is closed disk in such a way that, when spreading, the mixture enters through the cracks into the space between the blades, and at the other end of the blade, the shell is fixed to a disk with a central hole designed for the exit of a swirling foamed gas-liquid flow. The separator is a rigidly fixed static element located under the central hole of the disk of the last mixing stage, blocking the cross-section of the outgoing flow and using centrifugal forces from swirling the gas-liquid flow at the outlet of the swirler to separate liquid and gas. RF patent for invention No. 2404838, IPC B01D 3/30; B01D 53/18, published 11/27/2010.

A known technical solution is a device for gas purification, including a housing with pipes for supplying gas and liquid in its upper part and with pipes for discharging liquid and gas in its lower part. The housing consists of at least two parts located one above the other, and mixing blocks placed in it one above the other, each of which has a shell with tangential slots in the walls formed by blades, and a separation block, including a lower base in the form of a truncated cone, and containing a visor made along the perimeter of the lower base of the separation block and forming a gap between the separation block and the inner surface of the housing walls. RF patent for invention No. 2672426, IPC B01D 3/30; B01D 53/18, published 11/14/2018.

In known technical solutions for separating a gas-liquid mixture, special separation blocks are built into the design. In addition, in such devices, it is necessary to use a water seal to supply water to the mixing unit. All this loads the structure, increasing its height and material consumption, creating excessive resistance to the injection flow.

A known technical solution, chosen as the closest analogue, is a device for gas purification, including a cylindrical vertically oriented body, in the upper part of which there is a pipe for supplying liquid and a pipe for supplying gas. The housing contains at least one mixing block, including a shell with slots in the walls, the upper part of the shell is closed by an upper disk, the diameter of which is equal to the diameter of the shell, and the lower part of the shell is fixed to the lower disk, which contains a central hole, the diameter of which is smaller, than the diameter of the shell. The device additionally contains a container for liquid installed under the lower part of the housing, having an opening in the upper part located under the central hole of the lower disk, including a pipe for liquid removal and a pipe for gas removal, wherein the cross-sectional area of the container is greater than the area of the central hole of the lower disk. RF patent for invention No. 2756745, IPC B01D 53/18, B01D 47/00, published 10/05/2021.

The disadvantage of the presented device is the likelihood of a certain amount of liquid particles entering the stream of already purified gas.

A distinctive feature of the proposed technical solution is the mounting of a separator of liquid particles from the gas flow in the container under the hole in its upper part.

The technical result of the proposed technical solution is manifested in increasing the efficiency of the device for gas purification.

Increasing the efficiency of a gas purification installation is achieved, in particular, by reducing the likelihood of liquid particles entering the purified gas flow, as well as by reducing the required fan power necessary for high-quality gas purification, due to a decrease in the resistance provided by the device design to the gas-liquid flow, due to reducing weight and size parameters and simplifying the design.

The technical result is achieved in that a device for gas purification, including a cylindrical vertically oriented body, in the upper part of which there is a pipe for supplying liquid and a pipe for supplying gas; the body contains at least one mixing unit, including a shell with slots in the walls , the upper part of the shell is closed by an upper disk, the diameter of which is equal to the diameter of the shell, and the lower part of the shell is fixed on the lower disk, which contains a central hole, the diameter of which is smaller than the diameter of the shell, a liquid container installed under the lower part of the body, having in the upper part a hole located under the central hole of the lower disk, including a pipe for draining liquid and a pipe for removing gas, while the cross-sectional area of the container is greater than the area of the central hole of the lower disk, characterized by the fact that a separator of liquid particles from the flow is fixed in the container under the hole in its upper part gas.

The separator of liquid particles from the gas flow, fixed in the container under the hole in its upper part, ensures the separation of liquid particles from the purified gas flow due to their collision with the separator and settling on it. Thus, the cut-off device divides the container into two zones - the upper, under the central hole, the vacuum zone, in which, due to the expansion of the occupied volume of gas in the gas-liquid mixture, a difference in the densities of the gas and liquid phases occurs, which leads to their separation, and the bottom, under the cut-off valve , in which only the liquid separated from the gas-liquid flow is accumulated. Thus, the efficiency of the device for gas purification increases due to the absence of liquid drops in its flow, which eliminates the need for repeated post-purification of the gas flow; due to the absence of the need for a separation block in the design, since its function is performed by the upper zone of the container; and also due to the absence of the need to connect the mixing unit to external sources of liquid, which requires the inclusion of a water seal in the design of the device.

Preferably, the edges of the cutter are located outside the contour formed by orthogonal projections of the edge limiting the openings of the container, lowered in the direction towards the plane of the cutter, which ensures a collision of the gas-liquid flow with the cutter over an area corresponding to the entire cross-sectional area at the exit from the last mixing block and at the beginning rarefaction of the flow, in which liquid particles could be inertially carried away in the direction of gas movement. Thus, this design further increases the efficiency of the device for gas purification by improving the quality of gas purification by reducing the inclusion of unsettled liquid drops in the purified gas flow, eliminating the need to increase the area of the container to form a vacuum zone of a larger volume.

Preferably, the edge of the cut-off valve, located on the side of the gas outlet pipe of the container, is fixed at a higher level relative to the opposite edge, which allows for the removal of liquid to the lower zone from the side furthest from the zone of passage of completely purified gas, which eliminates the carryover of liquid particles remaining on cut-off surface, gas flow and their mixing.

Preferably, the cut-off valve includes openings for liquid outlet made on the side of the cut-off valve opposite to its edge located on the side of the gas outlet pipe. These holes ensure the transfer of liquid from the vacuum zone to the liquid accumulation zone on the side furthest from the zone of passage of completely purified gas, which also prevents the carryover of liquid particles remaining on the surface of the cutter by the gas flow and their mixing. It is most preferable to combine these two technical solutions in the design of the cut-off device to increase the efficiency of the gas purification device due to the combination of their advantages.

Preferably, an inspection hatch is made in the wall of the container for servicing the container. This solution allows for the possibility of maintenance and repair of the tank, and, consequently, the cut-off device, which helps maintain the performance and durability of the structure necessary for the effective operation of the gas purification device.

Slots in the walls formed by blades located at an angle to the tangent to the circle contribute to increased turbulence of the gas-liquid flow, subsequently ensuring effective gas purification.

When each lower disk of the mixing block is fixed rigidly and hermetically between the flanges of the housing and the lower disk is made with a diameter larger than the internal diameter of the housing, the passage of gas-liquid flow along the walls of the housing, bypassing the mixing blocks, is eliminated, which increases the efficiency of the device. This design also allows, if necessary, to quickly and easily disassemble the housing and clean or replace the mixing unit.

The claimed technical solution is further explained with the help of figures, which conventionally show one of the possible embodiments of a device for gas purification.

In fig. Figure 1 shows a general view of the device for gas purification.

In fig. 2 shows a sectional view of a gas purification device.

In fig. 1-2 shows a device (1) for gas purification, including a housing (2), a pipe (3) for liquid supply and a pipe (4) for gas supply, a mixing block (5), including a shell (6) with slots in the walls, formed by blades (7), an upper disk (8) and a lower disk (9) with a central hole (10), a container (11) for liquid, a pipe (12) for draining liquid and a pipe (13) for removing gas, (14) cutter, (15) holes in cutter (14).

Next, with reference to the figures, the design of the device (1) for gas purification is described.

The device (1) for gas purification includes a cylindrical, vertically oriented body (2), in the upper part of which there is a pipe (3) for supplying liquid and a pipe (4) for supplying gas. The gas supply pipe (4) can be made on top of the housing (2) or on the side of it, along a curved line, with a variable radius of curvature, for example, in the form of a spiral.

The housing (2) contains at least one mixing block (5), including a shell (6) with slots in the walls, the upper part of the shell (6) is closed by an upper disk (8), the diameter of which is equal to the diameter of the shell (6), and the lower part of the shell (6) is fixed to the lower disk (9), which contains a central hole (10), the diameter of which is smaller than the diameter of the shell (6). Slots in the walls of the shell (6) can be formed by blades (7) located at an angle to the tangent to the circle.

Device (1) includes a container (11) for liquid, fixed under the lower part of the housing (2), having a hole in the upper part located under the central hole (10) of the lower disk (9).

The cross-sectional area of the container (11) is larger than the area of the central hole (10) of the lower disk (9).

The container (11) for liquid includes a pipe (12) for liquid removal and a pipe (13) for gas removal and can be connected to a pipe (3) for supplying liquid. A separator (14) of liquid particles from the gas flow is fixed in the container (11) under the hole in its upper part. In particular, the cut-off device (14) can be made in the form of a plate, but its shape and dimensions are not limited by the scope of the claimed solution. In a preferred embodiment, the edges of the cutter (14) are outside the contour formed by orthogonal projections of the edge delimiting the openings of the container (11), lowered towards the plane of the cutter (14).

The edge of the cut-off valve (14), located on the side of the nozzle (13) for removing gas from the container (11), can be fixed at a higher level relative to the opposite edge.

The cut-off valve (14) may include holes (15) for liquid outlet, made on the side of the cut-off valve (14), opposite from its edge, located on the side of the gas outlet pipe (13).

The gas purification device (1) may include a droplet eliminator for removing remaining drops of water and wetted dust particles from the gas flow, installed along the path of the gas flow after it exits the lower mixing unit (5). In a particular case, a droplet eliminator can be installed inside the container (11). Device (1) may also include a remote drip eliminator.

The housing (2) may consist of at least two parts located one above the other, each of which is a cylindrical body with flanges configured to connect the parts of the housing (2) to each other.

In this case, the lower disk (9) of the mixing block (5) can be rigidly fixed between the flanges of the housing parts.

The device (1) for gas purification may also include hatches for servicing the mixing unit (5), made in the walls of the housing (2) and/or in the walls of the container (11).

Gas purification device (1) can be used as follows.

A fan for forcing gas flow and a pump for supplying and/or discharging liquid are connected to the device (1) for gas purification by any method known from the prior art.

A gas-air mixture is supplied to the device (1), through the gas supply pipe (4), and liquid, for example, water, is supplied through the pipes (3).

The liquid and gas-air mixture fill the space of the housing (2) of the first mixing block (5), preferably through holes in the shell (6) evenly spaced along the side surface. The blades (7) of the mixing block (5), located at an angle to the tangent to the circumference of the shell (6), forming slots in it, are the only entrance to the mixing block (5) for a mixture of gas-liquid flow, since the top of the shell (6) is closed by the upper disk (8), and from below is fixed to the lower disk (9), which is hermetically and rigidly fixed to the walls of the housing (2) using flanges. The gas-liquid flow, passing through the slots of the shell (6), moves along the blades (7), which gives it a rotational circular motion in the direction of the blades (7). Under the influence of centrifugal forces, the liquid entering the mixing block (5) is pressed against the inner surface of the shell (6), where it is constantly spun by the incoming gas. In this case, a gas-liquid ring is formed inside the mixing block (5), held on the inner surfaces of the shell (6). Gas and liquid move along a spiral trajectory from the periphery to the center. Since the speed of the gas is tens of times higher than the speed of the liquid, when it passes through a rotating gas-liquid ring, gas and liquid are crushed in the field of centrifugal forces into very small bubbles with a developed, rapidly renewed contact surface, which ensures thorough mixing of gas and liquid until it fills the space of the shell (6), reaching the central hole (10) of the lower disk (9). In this case, the mixing block (5) itself remains stationary, only the gas-liquid ring rotates. Next, through the hole (10) of the lower disk (9), the gas-liquid flow enters the second mixing unit (5), which operates similarly to the first, in which it is also untwisted and crushed to form a gas-liquid ring. If for the required mixing parameters the contact time between gas and liquid is not enough in the first two mixing blocks (5), then the device (1) can be equipped with any number of similar blocks (5) that provide the required contact time between gas and liquid and the degree of their mixing. During the process of mixing the gas-air mixture and liquid, dust adheres to the liquid bubbles at the interfaces.

After exiting the last mixing block (5), the gas-liquid mixture enters a container (11) for liquid, the free space of which, limited by the walls of the container (11), the cutoff (14) and the surface of the liquid, represents a rarefaction zone. Here, due to an increase in gas volume, separation of the gas and liquid phases occurs. The liquid, with the dust particles it contains, is separated from the gas, colliding with the cut-off valve, and fills the container (11), and the purified gas, under the influence of an external blower, is removed through the gas outlet pipe (13). Thus, the purified gas-air mixture can be returned to the room or released into the atmosphere, or collected in a tank for further use.

The liquid accumulated in the container (11) can be removed through the pipe (12) to drain the liquid, or used in a repeated cleaning cycle by forcing it through the pipe (3) to supply liquid to the mixing unit (5).

The claimed device (1) can be widely used for absorption purification of gases from harmful impurities (oxides of sulfur, nitrogen; hydrogen fluoride and chloride, chlorine, fluorine, ammonia, etc.), wet purification of ventilation emissions from fine dust, evaporative humidification and air cooling, reducing the temperature of flue gases, recycling waste gas heat.

The presented figures, description of design and use do not exhaust the possible implementation options and do not limit in any way the scope of the proposed technical solution. Other options for execution and use are possible within the scope of the claimed formula. Depending on the purpose, the gas purification device can be manufactured in different sizes and configurations.

Claims (7)

1. A device for gas purification, including a cylindrical, vertically oriented body, in the upper part of which there is a pipe for supplying liquid and a pipe for supplying gas; the body houses at least one mixing unit, including a shell with slots in the walls, the upper part of the shell is closed by an upper disk, the diameter of which is equal to the diameter of the shell, and the lower part of the shell is fixed to the lower disk, which contains a central hole, the diameter of which is smaller than the diameter of the shell, and contains a container for liquid installed under the lower part of the body, having a hole in the upper part , located under the central hole of the lower disk, including a pipe for removing liquid and a pipe for removing gas, while the cross-sectional area of the container is larger than the area of the central hole of the lower disk, and in the container under the hole in its upper part there is a separator of liquid particles from the gas flow, characterized in that , that the edges of the cutter are outside the contour formed by orthogonal projections of the edge delimiting the openings of the container, lowered towards the plane of the cutter. 2. A device for gas purification according to claim 1, characterized in that the edge of the cut-off valve, located on the side of the gas outlet pipe of the container, is fixed at a higher level relative to the opposite edge. 3. A device for gas purification according to claim 1, characterized in that the cut-off valve includes openings for liquid outlet, made on the side of the cut-off valve opposite to its edge, located on the side of the gas outlet pipe. 4. A device for gas purification according to claim 1, characterized in that an inspection hatch is made in the wall of the container for servicing the container. 5. A device for gas purification according to claim 1, characterized in that the slots in the walls of the shell are formed by blades located at an angle to the tangent to the circle. 6. A device for gas purification according to claim 1, characterized in that the housing consists of at least two parts located one above the other, each of which is a cylindrical housing with flanges configured to connect the housing parts to each other. 7. A device for gas purification according to claim 6, characterized in that the lower disk of the mixing unit is rigidly fixed between the flanges of the housing parts.