RU2792571C1 - Gas purification system - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: gas purification.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to gas purification systems. The gas purification system includes devices for wet gas cleaning, each of which contains a cylindrical body, in the upper part of each body there are branch pipes with channels for supplying liquid and gas to be purified. In the lower part there are branch pipes with channels for draining liquid and purified gas. A mixing unit and a separation unit placed under it are installed in each housing. Branch pipes with channels for supplying the gas to be purified are connected to one common manifold for the gas to be purified. Branch pipes with channels for removing purified gas are connected to one common manifold for purified gas. The mixing unit preferably includes a shell with slots in the walls formed by the blades. The upper part of the shell is closed by the upper disk, the diameter of which is equal to the diameter of the shell. The lower part of the shell is fixed on the lower disk, which contains a central hole. Preferably, the separation unit comprises a base that expands downwards, made in the form of a truncated cone, and additionally contains a visor that forms a gap between the separation unit and the inner surface of the housing walls. Preferably, the separation unit includes vanes oriented in a direction opposite to the side in which the vanes of the mixing unit are oriented.

EFFECT: improving the efficiency of gas purification; and gas purification from a single source using independent liquid streams.

7 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The technical solution relates to systems for wet cleaning of gas from impurities through the contact of gas and liquid media.

A solution is known from the prior art, which is a device for purifying gas and air, including a housing with nozzles for supplying and discharging gas and liquid and placed in it a gas-liquid mixture swirler and a separator. The device contains one or more mixing stages located coaxially along the vertical, each of which is made in the form of a swirler, which is a cylindrical shell with tangential slots and straight blades mounted tangentially to the inner circle, and the end of the shell, facing the incoming mixture flow, is closed disk in such a way that, when spreading, the mixture enters through the slots into the space between the blades, and from the other end of the shell blades are fixed on the disk with a central hole designed to exit the swirling foamed gas-liquid flow. The separator is a rigidly fixed static element placed under the central hole of the disk of the last mixing stage, blocking the cross section of the outgoing flow and using centrifugal forces from the swirl of the gas-liquid flow at the outlet of the swirler to separate the liquid and gas. RF patent No. 2404838, IPC B01D 3/30; B01D 53/18, issued 11/27/2010.

Known technical solution, selected as the closest analogue, which is a device for gas purification, including a housing with nozzles for supplying gas and liquid in its upper part and with nozzles for draining liquid and gas in its lower part. The housing consists of at least two parts located one above the other, and mixing blocks placed one above the other in it, each of which has a shell with tangential slots in the walls formed by blades, and a separation block, including a lower base in the form on the base truncated cone, and containing a peak made along the perimeter of the lower base of the separation block and forming a gap between the separation block and the inner surface of the walls of the housing. RF patent No. 2672426, IPC B01D 3/30; B01D 53/18, published 11/14/2018.

At present, with the growth of industrial production, there is a need to increase the gas cleaning capacity to 1,500,000 m ³ /h, while the maximum capacity of one wet gas cleaning device is 50,000 m ³ /h. At the same time, an increase in the dimensions and volumes of liquid flows in order to increase the productivity of the apparatus does not allow achieving the desired effect due to the impossibility of stable retention of the gas-liquid layer in such an apparatus, which reduces the efficiency of gas purification.

The objective of the claimed solution is to create a gas purification system that allows grouping several devices for wet gas purification with the possibility of dividing one stream of purified gas into several independent streams before they are supplied to the corresponding devices, and the possibility of supplying independent liquid streams to each of the devices.

The technical result of the proposed technical solution is manifested in increasing the efficiency of gas purification while simplifying the design and reducing the dimensions of the design of the gas purification system; in increasing the productivity of the gas purification system.

The technical result of the proposed technical solution also manifests itself in the possibility of gas purification from one source by various devices for wet gas purification and using independent liquid flows, and the collection of all purified gas flows in the volume of one collector.

The technical result is also manifested in improving the manufacturability and safety of the gas purification system.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the gas purification system includes at least two devices for wet gas purification, each of which contains a cylindrical vertically oriented housing, in the upper part of each housing there are branch pipes with channels for supplying liquid and gas to be purified, and in the lower part branch pipes with channels for draining liquid and purified gas, while each housing has at least one mixing block and a separation block placed under it, branch pipes with channels for supplying the gas to be purified are connected to one common manifold for the gas to be purified, branch pipes with channels for the removal of purified gas are connected to one common collector for purified gas.

Due to the fact that the branch pipes for supplying the purified gas of each housing are connected to one common collector for the purified gas, an increase in the efficiency of wet gas purification is achieved without increasing the dimensions and complicating the design of the system. The gas is supplied to only one collector and is divided into streams already at the inlet to the wet gas cleaning devices. This solution makes it possible to increase the amount of processed gas without increasing the number of pipelines for supplying gas flows, devices for injecting gas into nozzles and, accordingly, electricity consumption. The claimed system allows the use of independent devices for wet gas purification from a single source, using independent liquid flows, which makes it possible to retain a gas-liquid layer for effective gas purification in each of the devices. This solution makes it possible to use the system resources with maximum efficiency, since it does not require an increase in the power of the supplied liquid flows to effectively clean a large volume of gas due to the separation of the gas flow and its purification by several wet gas cleaning devices.

Due to the fact that the nozzles for removing the purified gas are connected to one common header for removing the purified gas, all the purified gas can be centrally supplied to one container for collecting the purified gas or to the atmosphere. At the same time, there is no need to install additional tanks or pipelines, the number of which will correspond to the number of devices for wet gas cleaning.

Thus, the claimed system is characterized by maximum efficiency of purification of large volumes of gas, manufacturability associated with ease of assembly and maintenance of the structure, which has relatively small dimensions and common auxiliary devices for its operation, and safety due to the possibility of using independent liquid sweats of relatively low power for purification of a large volume of gas, eliminating the occurrence of an emergency in case of damage to the pipeline for supplying liquid.

The execution of the channel for supplying the gas to be purified along a curved line with a variable radius of curvature provides a preliminary acceleration of the flow before it enters the mixing unit, which improves the performance of the device. In addition, this design allows to reduce the height of the device, and, as a result, by reducing the resistance provided by the structure, the required fan power required to force the flow into the device.

Preferably, the body consists of at least two parts located one above the other, each of which is a cylindrical body with flanges configured to connect the parts of the body to each other. This design provides ease of assembly and maintenance of the system. If necessary, the housing can be easily dismantled to access the interior of the wet gas scrubber.

In a preferred embodiment, the mixing unit includes a shell with slots in the walls formed by blades located at an angle to the tangent to the circle, the upper part of the shell is closed by an upper disk, the diameter of which is equal to the diameter of the shell, and the lower part of the shell is fixed on the lower disk, which contains a central hole, the diameter of which is smaller than the diameter of the shell. In this case, the lower disk of the mixing unit is rigidly fixed between the flanges of the body parts. When each lower disk of the mixing block is fixed rigidly and tightly between the housing flanges and the lower disk is made larger in diameter than the internal diameter of the housing, the passage of the gas-liquid flow along the walls of the housing, bypassing the mixing blocks, is excluded, which increases the efficiency of the device. This design also allows, if necessary, to quickly and easily disassemble the body and clean or replace the mixing unit.

The execution of the base of the separation block, expanding downwards in the form of a truncated cone, facing its smaller base to the central hole of the lower disk of the mixing block, allows you to increase the cross-sectional area of the separation block, which, in turn, reduces the resistance of the device. This allows you to increase the performance of the device without increasing the power of the blower or suction fan, which affects the efficiency of the device as a whole. With this form of execution of the lower base of the separation unit, the mixture of liquid and gas continues to move in a spiral, descends along the cone-shaped surface of the lower base of the separation unit and, passing between the blades of the separation unit, receives additional acceleration. The blades of the separation block are oriented in the opposite direction than the blades of the mixing blocks, which provides a directed flow, which receives additional acceleration. Further, the flow, at the exit from the slots of the separation block, hits the walls of the housing, the liquid flows down and then leaves through the liquid outlet pipe, and the gas rises and exits through the gas outlet pipe. The visor, made along the perimeter of the separation block and forming a gap between the separation block and the inner surface of the housing walls, does not allow the liquid deposited from the gas-liquid mixture to flow down the outer lower surface of the cone-shaped base and enter the outlet for the purified gas.

The claimed technical solution is further explained with the help of figures, which conditionally represent one of the possible versions of the system for gas purification.

In FIG. 1 shows a general view of a gas purification system with coaxial gas supply pipes.

In FIG. 2 shows a general view of a gas purification system with gas supply channels made along a curved line with a variable radius of curvature.

In FIG. 3 shows a view of a gas purification system with gas supply channels made along a curved line with a variable radius of curvature on the side.

In FIG. 4 shows a view of a gas purification system with gas supply channels made along a curved line with a variable radius of curvature from above.

In FIG. Numbers 1-4 indicate the following elements of the system:

- body (1) of the device for wet cleaning of gas;

- branch pipe (2) with a channel for supplying the purified gas;

- branch pipe (3) with a channel for fluid supply;

- branch pipe (4) with a channel for removing purified gas;

- branch pipe (5) with a channel for draining liquid;

- collector (6) for the purified gas;

- collector (7) for purified gas.

Next, with reference to the figures, the construction of the gas purification system is described.

The gas purification system includes at least two vertically oriented cylindrical housings (1). Preferably, each body consists of at least two parts located one above the other, each of which is a cylindrical body with flanges configured to connect the parts of the body to each other.

In the upper part of each body (1) there is a branch pipe (3) with a channel for supplying liquid and a branch pipe (2) with a channel for supplying the gas to be purified. The channel for supplying gas to the device for wet gas cleaning can be made along a curved line with a variable radius of curvature (tangential pipe) (Fig. 2-4), or coaxial to the housing (1) (Fig. 1).

In the lower part of each body (1) there is a branch pipe (5) with a channel for draining liquid and a branch pipe (4) with a channel for removing purified gas. There can be several nozzles (3) for supplying liquid to each housing (1), in accordance with the number of mixing blocks in the device design.

Each housing (1) has at least one mixing unit and a separation unit placed under it. Preferably, the mixing block includes a shell with slots in the walls formed by blades located at an angle to the tangent to the circle, while the upper part of the shell is closed by an upper disk, the diameter of which is equal to the diameter of the shell, and the lower part of the shell is fixed on the lower disk, which contains a central hole, the diameter of which is smaller than the diameter of the shell. The lower disk of the mixing block can be rigidly fixed between the flanges of the housing parts. This example of the implementation of the mixing unit does not limit the possible embodiments of the claimed solution, there are other, obvious to a person skilled in the art, devices for mixing liquid and gas flows.

Separating block is placed under the mixing block. Preferably, the separation block contains a bottom base, expanding downwards, made in the form of a truncated cone, and additionally contains a visor, made along the perimeter of the bottom base of the separation block and forming a gap between the separation block and the inner surface of the walls of the housing (1). The separating block may also include blades oriented in the direction opposite to the side in which the blades of the mixing block are oriented. This example of the implementation of the separation unit does not limit the possible embodiments of the claimed solution, there are other, obvious to a specialist in the prior art, devices for separating a gas-liquid mixture into separate liquid and gas flows.

Branch pipes (2) with channels for supplying purified gas are connected to one common manifold (6) for purified gas, and branch pipes (4) with channels for removing purified gas are connected to one common manifold (7) for purified gas.

The claimed gas purification system can be used as follows.

The cleaned gas, through the manifold (6), is fed into the branch pipes (2) for supplying gas to the housing (1) of each of the devices for wet gas cleaning. In the nozzles (3) for supplying liquid to the housing (1) of each of the devices for wet gas cleaning, liquid, for example, water, is supplied to clean the gas.

The liquid and the gas to be purified fill the space of the first mixing block in each housing (1), preferably through holes in the shell evenly spaced along the side surface. The blades of the mixing block, located at an angle to the tangent to the circumference of the shell, forming slots in it, are the only entrance to the mixing block for the mixture of the gas-liquid flow, since the shell is closed from above by the upper disk, and from below the shell is fixed on the lower disk, which is hermetically and rigidly fixed on the walls of the housing (1) using flanges. The gas-liquid flow, passing through the slots of the shell, moves along the blades, which sets it to a rotational circular motion in the direction of the blades. Under the action of centrifugal forces, the liquid entering the mixing unit is pressed against the inner surface of the shell, where it is constantly untwisted by the incoming gas. In this case, a gas-liquid ring is formed inside the mixing block, which is held on the inner surfaces of the shell. Gas and liquid move along a spiral path from the periphery to the center. Since the speed of the gas is tens of times higher than the speed of the liquid, when it passes through a rotating gas-liquid ring, the gas and liquid are crushed in the field of centrifugal forces into very small bubbles with a developed quickly renewed contact surface, which ensures thorough mixing of gas and liquid until it fills the space shells, reaching the central hole of the lower disk. At the same time, the mixing block itself remains stationary, only the gas-liquid ring rotates. Further, through the opening of the lower disk, the gas-liquid flow enters the second mixing block, which operates similarly to the first one, in which it is also untwisted and crushed to form a gas-liquid ring. If the contact time between gas and liquid is not enough in the first two mixing blocks for the required mixing parameters, then the device can be equipped with any number of similar blocks that provide the necessary gas-liquid contact time and the degree of their mixing. In the process of mixing the gas-air mixture and the liquid, the dust adheres to the liquid bubbles at the interfaces. After leaving the last mixing block, the gas-liquid mixture enters the separation block, where the liquid phase and gas are separated. In this case, the flow, continuing to move in a spiral, descends along the cone-shaped surface of the lower base of the separation unit and, passing between the blades, receives additional acceleration. Further, the flow hits the walls of the housing (1), the liquid, with dust particles contained in it, flows down and is removed through the pipe (5) to drain the liquid, and the gas exits through the pipe (4) to drain the gas. The cap, made along the perimeter of the separation block and forming a gap between the separation block and the inner surface of the walls of the housing (1), does not allow the liquid to drain along the outer lower surface of the cone-shaped base and prevents the liquid from entering the outlet for the purified gas. In this case, the liquid discharged through the drain pipe (5) can be collected in a tank and, after cleaning, again returned to the mixing unit through the pipe (3), thus recirculating in a closed circle. At the same time, the purified gas, which has passed through several mixing blocks, after the separation block, from the body (1) of each wet gas cleaning device, enters the branch pipe (4), then, into one common manifold (7) for purified gas.

The presented figures, description of the design and use do not exhaust the possible options for execution and do not limit in any way the scope of the claimed technical solution. Other variants of execution and use within the scope of the claimed formula are possible. Depending on the purpose, the design of the gas purification system can be made in different sizes, colors and configurations.

Claims (7)

1. A gas purification system, including at least two devices for wet gas purification, each of which contains a cylindrical vertically oriented body, in the upper part of each body there are branch pipes with channels for supplying liquid and gas to be cleaned, and in the lower part there are pipes with channels for removal of liquid and purified gas, with at least one mixing block and a separation block placed under it, branch pipes with channels for supplying the purified gas connected to one common collector for the purified gas, branch pipes with channels for removing the purified gas are connected in each housing with one common collector for purified gas. 2. The system for gas purification according to claim 1, characterized in that the channel for supplying gas to the device for wet gas purification is made along a curved line with a variable radius of curvature. 3. The gas purification system according to claim 1, characterized in that the body of the device for wet gas purification consists of at least two parts located one above the other, each of which is a cylindrical body with flanges made with the possibility of connecting the parts of the body to each other with a friend. 4. The gas purification system according to claim 1, characterized in that the mixing unit of the device for wet gas purification includes a shell with slots in the walls formed by blades located at an angle to the tangent to the circle, the upper part of the shell is closed by an upper disk, the diameter of which is equal to diameter of the shell, and the lower part of the shell is fixed on the lower disk, which contains a central hole, the diameter of which is less than the diameter of the shell. 5. System for gas purification according to paragraphs. 3 and 4, characterized in that the lower disk of the mixing unit is rigidly fixed between the flanges of the body parts. 6. The gas purification system according to claim 1, characterized in that the separation unit of the device for wet gas purification contains a base expanding downwards, made in the form of a truncated cone, and additionally contains a visor, made along the perimeter of the lower base of the separation unit and forming the gap between the separation block and the inner surface of the housing walls. 7. System for gas purification according to paragraphs. 4 and 6, characterized in that the separation block includes vanes oriented in the direction opposite to the side in which the vanes of the mixing block are oriented.

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