RU2720095C1 - Method of increasing nitrogen fixation of winter vetches - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agriculture and can be used in cultivation of winter vetches. Method for increasing nitrogen fixation of winter vetches involves dissolving rizotorfin in 0.1 % aqueous solution of the biopreparation Nikfan with subsequent inoculation of winter vetches seeds and drying of seeds before sowing. At the same time in the branching phase of the winter vetches, the crop is sprayed with 0.1 % aqueous solution of the biopreparation Nikfan.

EFFECT: invention allows to increase the winter vetches crop yield.

1 cl, 2 tbl, 1 ex

Description

The invention relates to the field of agriculture and can find application in the cultivation and winter wiki, in particular, with an increase in its symbiotic apparatus.

There is a method in which seeds are inoculated with ground roots of the same types of legumes, wetting them with mineral water (patent 2188531, published 09/10/2002. IPC C05F 11/08).

The disadvantage of this method is that to the budding phase under the influence of natural and anthropogenic factors, nitrogen fixation is reduced, which negatively affects the productivity of plants

There is also known a method where the seeds are enveloped with ground roots soaked in mineral water, and in the phase of budding, the plants are additionally fed with waste from alcohol production diluted in water. (Patent No. 2511299, published April 10, 2014, IPC A01G 7/00, A01C 1/00, A01C 21/00, C05F 11/08).

However, this method is not effective enough, because nodule bacteria are very responsive to stress factors and can reduce their activity when the soil is infected with various toxicants.

The closest technical solution is the method in which the seeds before sowing are treated with crushed grain of the cultivated culture, mixed with rhizotorfin dissolved in an aqueous solution of a para-aminobenzoic acid biological product (patent No. 2622665, published June 19, 2017, Bull. No. 17, IPC А01С 1/00) .

The disadvantage of the prototype method is that inoculation is carried out only before sowing, and to the budding and flowering phase under the influence of various factors (lack of moisture, high temperature, various toxic substances that affect the development of nodule bacteria), nitrogen fixation of the legume culture can decrease, which negatively affects the productivity and quality of the cultivated crop. All this reduces the effectiveness of the method.

The technical result is an increase in the efficiency of the method.

The technical solution of the claimed object lies in the fact that, in contrast to the known prototype method, the rhizotorfin of the cultivated culture is soaked in a 0.1% aqueous solution of the Nikfan biological product, inoculating seeds in it, and in the branching phase, the crops are sprayed with the same preparation in this concentration.

The method is as follows.

Biological product Nikfan activates the fixation of atmospheric nitrogen by nodule bacteria, loosening and soil moisture in the upper arable horizon with simultaneous mulching.

Biological product Nikfan enhances root formation and photosynthesis, resistance to diseases, improves symbiosis with nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Due to the active activity of plants, their accumulating activity increases, heavy metals, nitrates and radionuclides decrease in the soil. The main active components of the drug are producer metabolic products: amino acids, enzymes, growth substances, including phytohormones (cytokinins, auxins, as well as components containing humic substances and substances that ensure the stability of the drug during the warranty period). The observed biological effects of the biological product are achieved by improving the nutrition of the vegetative organs, stimulating photosynthesis, regulating the work of plant own genes at the molecular level by the principle of hormonal signals in plants due to the penetration of the active parts of the drug using protein receptors through the cell wall of the plant. The same effect is noted during the pre-sowing treatment of seeds with rhizotorfin of leguminous crops of winter vetch, which increases germination by 2-4 days above the control variant. The drug Nikfan in a concentration of 0.1% aqueous solution reaches high efficiency on contaminated soils with heavy metals. Inoculated with a mixture of rhizotorfin, enhances the activity of nodule bacteria in the cultivated winter wiki culture

Example. Prior to sowing, the seeds of the winter variety Vika Fortuna in the amount of 100 kg / ha were inoculated, and therefore factory-produced risotorfin in the amount of 300 g per hectare was dissolved in an aqueous solution of the Nikfan biological product at the rate of 10 ml per 10 l of water (0.1% concentration) . After mixing the seeds with an aqueous solution, they were dried and sown with a seeder. In the phase of branching the wiki, Nikfan's solution at the rate of 200 ml per 200 liters. water (hectare norm) was sprayed with winter wiki plants. The experimental results are summarized in tables 1 and 2:

The experimental data presented indicate a significant increase in the number of nodule-fixing bacteria under the influence of Nikfan in two development phases: before sowing, seed treatment with rhizotorfin and top dressing in the branching phase. In comparison with analogues, the effectiveness of the proposed method is increased.

Claims (1)

A method of increasing the nitrogen fixation of winter vetch, including inoculating seeds before sowing using a biological product, characterized in that the cultivated rhizotorfin is soaked in a 0.1% aqueous solution of the Nikfan biological product, inoculating seeds in such a mixture, and in the branching phase, the crops are sprayed with the same preparation in such same concentration.