RU2670136C1 - Method of red clover cultivation for seeds - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agriculture, namely to plant growing. Method includes joint sowing of different types of fodder plants. In this case, after the winter grain crops, annual Trifolium alexandrinum is widely sown in a row, and in the spring, a clover meadow is sown in its aisles. In the blossoming phase of the crop, the above-ground green mass of both clover species is mowed forage, followed by row cultivation, leaving clover meadow on seeds with simultaneous top dressing with sulfur-containing mineral water in a mixture with concentrated biopreparation Nikfan in an amount of 2 ml/ha.EFFECT: method allows to increase the seed productivity of the red clover.1 cl, 1 tbl, 1 ex

Description

The invention relates to the field of agriculture, in particular to crop production, and may find application in the cultivation of clover for seeds.

There is a known method in which in the second year of life a continuous row is formed from continuous sowing (a.c. 1255069, published September 7, 1986).

The known method is not effective enough, because the conversion of wide-row rows from continuous sowing using the technique is quite expensive, since meadow clover plants develop a strong root system by the second year and, when processed by mechanisms, do not sufficiently clear the aisles, which does not ensure the complete formation of generative stems and the development of seed grass.

There is also a method of placing bean grasses in a crop rotation on a winter predecessor, where in the second year of life after the 1st mowing, a wide-row sowing is formed followed by sowing alfalfa mixed with fertilizers (patent No. 2425476, published on 08/10/2011. Bull. No. 22. IPC А01В 23/06).

However, the agricultural method used is used on sloping lands where it is necessary to restrain erosion processes. Sowing in ordinary field conditions complicates the cultivation of the soil after the formation of a powerful turf of both perennial crops

The closest technical solution is the method of using numerous legumes as coverslips that are sown in a mixture with meadow clover (patent No. 2576867, published January 10, 2016. - Bull. No. 7).

The technical solution is quite complex, since many crops of certain varieties are sown with cross-sowing of herbs, and all cultures of the mixture are sown separately, which complicates the method. In addition, to obtain seeds in this complex technical solution is very difficult.

EFFECT: simplification of the method and increase in seed productivity of meadow clover.

The technical solution of the claimed object lies in the fact that, unlike the prototype method, after winter crops, the annual Alexandrian clover is sowed cropy, and in the spring meadow clover is sown in its rows and in the flowering phase of the crop crop the aerial mass of both species is mowed for food, with subsequent cultivation of row-spacing, leaving meadow clover for seeds with simultaneous feeding of sulfur-containing mineral water in a mixture with concentrated Nikfan biological product in an amount of 2 ml / ha.

The method is as follows.

An annual species of Alexandrian clover (Trifolium alexadrinum L.) is sown broadly in August harvested after harvesting winter crops (winter wheat, winter barley, winter triticale). This culture develops a powerful root system, accumulating biological nitrogen with nodule bacteria up to 150 kg / ha. By the spring, when the plants of the annual clover begin to grow, there is already biological nitrogen in the soil and meadow clover, sown in the aisles, develops in favorable conditions. In the flowering phase of the Alexandrian clover, the mass of both species is mowed for food and the remaining meadow clover plants are grown for seeds. To improve the nitrogen fixation process, seed grass is fed with sulfur-containing water, in which the concentrated Nikfan biological product is dissolved in an amount of 2 ml / ha.

Hydrogen sulfide mineral water “Sernovodskaya” (North Caucasian origin) contains a number of macro- and microelements (mg / l) useful for soil and plants: potassium - 6.6; sodium - 85.5; magnesium - 34.2; calcium - 152.4; fluoride - 1.0; chloride - 115.8; sulfate - 242.0; bicarbonate - 366.1. In addition to these elements, this water contains natural iodine, which increases the activity of nodule bacteria in leguminous herbs.

The Nikfan biological product contains biologically active, natural components that are secreted during the growth and development by producer microorganisms. These are amino acids, sugars, enzymes, vitamins B, C, phytohormones, providing its complex properties. Nikfan enhances root formation and photosynthesis, resistance to diseases, improves symbiosis with nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Due to the active activity of plants, their accumulating activity increases, heavy metals, nitrates and radionuclides decrease in the soil. The main active components of the drug are the products of the producer’s metabolism: amino acids, enzymes, growth substances, including phytohormones (cytokinins, auxins, as well as components containing humic substances and substances that ensure the stability of the drug’s properties during the warranty period. Observed biological effects of the biological product are achieved by improving the nutrition of vegetative organs, stimulating photosynthesis, regulating the work of plant genes at the molecular level the principle of hormonal signals in plants due to the penetration of the active parts of the drug using protein receptors through the cell membrane of the plant.The drug Nikfan in the amount of 2 ml / ha of an aqueous solution achieves high efficiency on heavy metals contaminated soils. mineral water, activating microorganisms of the biological product and soil microflora

Example

After harvesting winter wheat, removing crop residues and cultivating the soil under small-seeded crops, the Alexandrian clover with a sowing rate of 8 kg / ha was sown widely in rows with 60 cm row spacing in the 3rd decade of August. In the spring, after the growth of an annual clover in the second decade of April, meadow clover was sown between rows with a seeding rate of 6 kg / ha. During the flowering of the crop of Alexandrian clover, the whole aerial mass was mowed for livestock feed, and the remaining grass clover of the meadow clover was fed with Sernovodskaya hydrogen sulfide water in an amount of 200 l / ha, in which Nikfan biological product was stirred in an amount of 2 ml / ha. When ripening clover seeds from the second mowing, the seed yield and the number of seeds in the heads (seeded heads) were taken into account.

The results of the experiment are summarized in table. The data in the table indicate that in the proposed embodiment, the amount of biological nitrogen in the soil increased, the yields of green mass and seeds increased per unit area. At the same time, soil fertility improved. Due to both types of clover, the costs of cultivating meadow clover seeds decreased, the quality of the fodder mass and the nutrient content in the soil increased.

Analyzing the data in the table, one can note the achievement of a high level of improvement in soil fertility by enriching it with biological nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus and a number of microelements during foliar treatment with hydrogen sulfide water and Nikfan biological product and obtaining an additional crop of fodder mass and seeds.

The technical solution allows to simplify the method, reduce costs, increase soil fertility and yield of meadow clover seeds

Claims (1)

A method of cultivating meadow clover for seeds, including the joint sowing of different types of fodder plants, characterized in that after winter crops, the Alexandrian clover is sowed cropy in summer, and in the spring meadow clover is sown in its rows and in the flowering phase of the crop crop an aerial green mass of both species mow for food, followed by cultivation of row-spacing, leaving meadow clover for seeds while feeding sulfur-containing mineral water in a mixture with concentrated bio Nikfan paratom in an amount of 2 ml / ha.