SU1692370A1 - Method for growing clover for seeds - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to crop production, and can be used in the cultivation of legumes for seeds. The purpose of the invention is to increase the yield on mountain slopes prone to erosion processes. On the mountain slopes, two types of clover are sown with different biological indicators of development and ripening periods, with the red clover sown in spring under grain cover in the upper part of the slope, and white clover without any cover crop in the summer in the lower part of the slope with a slope of 8 -1 Or without thinning between the spaces. In the first year, grain is harvested, and in the second year, the clover is mown, followed by the formation of a wide variety of placement by thinning crops. 2 tab.

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to crop production, and can be used in the cultivation of legumes for seeds on erosion-prone slope lands.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the yield on mountain slopes prone to erosion processes.

On the mountain slopes, two types of clover are sown with different biological indicators of development and ripening periods, and the meadow clover is sown in spring under cover in the upper part of the slope. and white clover - without a cover crop in the summer period in the lower part of the slope with a steepness of 8-10 ° of slope of the thinning base between the rows.

The method is carried out as follows.

On the upper parts of the slopes with a slope above 1001, in early spring, continuous sowing of meadow clover under the cover of early grain crops (for example, oats) was carried out. At the same time, varieties of the early ripe type are chosen, taking into account the biological characteristics of the root system.

It is known that meadow-ripening clover has a deeper root system than late-ripening varieties.

Continuous sowing of meadow early ripening clover allows, in a short period, to bind the soil mass into water-resistant lumps and thus restrain erosion processes.

In the summer period, when erosion dangerous rains cease, white clover is planted on the bottom of the slope with a steepness of 8-10 ° without any cover.

About GO SO

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In the first year of life, a cover crop of oats and afterblown clover on the upper part of the slope was harvested.

In the initial period, the white clover develops slowly and the first present leaf is formed 20 days after sowing, and shoot formation begins 2 months after the occurrence of seedlings. In the first year of life, the root system of white clover develops much faster than the above-ground mass.

Thus, by the end of the growing season and by the beginning of the autumn rains, the white clover is well rooted in the lower part of the slope, g the upper meadow clover has a root system for this period, which reduces the surface runoff of the storm water and reduces soil flushing.

The following year, one cut of meadow clover on green mass is mowed and from a continuous sowing by thinning with the help of a cultivator, the KPH-4,2 form a wide-breed placement pattern (between 45 cm).

The formed wide-wide stripes of meadow clover ensure the creation of water-backing furrows in the aisles, good illumination and accessibility of the entomofauna to flowers and their pollination, reduce the contamination of crops.

White clover is left on the green fodder for a long time (3-5 years), which completely prevents the processes of water erosion of the soil, clogs the soil particles, washed away from the upper part of the slope.

White clover is removed for seed from continuous sowing and, unlike the meadow between the rows, is not thinned. The term of harvesting for seeds (for 3-5 years) can be determined by the state of grass, soil cover, summer time and the presence of pollinators.

In the upper part of the slope, after harvesting, the seeds of meadow clover are plowed up and sown with continuous seeding (rape, colza, grass, etc.),

Thus, the proposed method of sowing clover prevents soil erosion processes, enriches the soil with biological nitrogen, increases its fertility, and increases the seed productivity of clover.

Seed productivity increases due to the presence of pollinators at the beginning of one species, and later - another type of clover.

  The use of various methods of planting clover on soil erosion processes is shown in Table 1.

From Table 1 it follows that planting white clover above 10 ° does not ensure complete preservation of fertility. Below 8 ° slopes are less subject to erosion processes.

therefore, this method is proposed to be used on mountain slopes with slopes greater than 8-10 °. Seeding two types of clover at different times provides reliable protection of the soil from erosion, increasing

0 soil fertility, seed yield and clover green mass.

Indicators of clover productivity depending on the time of sowing are given in table 2. When sowing clover white together

5 and meadow (the proposed method) at different times of sowing, the yield of seeds and green fodder is higher due to the preserved plants during the period of water and soil runoff.

Example 1. On the slope of the slope

0 11-12 ° in early spring meadow clover was sown under the cover of oats with seeding rates of 12-14 kg / ha.

In the summer period (mid-July), the oat cover culture was removed and in the lower part of the slope 8–19 °, white clover was sown in its pure form with a seeding rate of 4–6 kg / ha. In order to destroy weeds before sowing, the soil was treated by disc shelling crops.

0 Inheriting ed at the end of May was carried out by cutting the green mass of two species simultaneously along the entire slope. Immediately after cutting, meadow clover was thinned with a distance of 45 cm between rows for seed purposes. White clover was left unchanged for re-cutting of green mass.

Example 2. White clover was sown on the lower half of the slope with a steepness of 10 ° in a continuous way.

0 During the second year, both types of clover were mown during the budding phase. After thinning the crops of meadow clover, inter-row treatment was carried out. In August, the seeds of meadow clover and green mass were harvested.

5 white clover. After harvesting, the seeds of meadow clover were sown winter wheat. White clover seeds were harvested for the third year of life. The proposed method provides a sharp decrease in soil washout,

Claims (1)

0 an increase in the humus content, an increase in the yield of green mass and seed productivity of clover of both species. Claiming method for cultivating clover in seed 5, including spring continuous sowing of meadow clover under grain cover, harvesting grain in the first year of cultivation, mowing in the second year of clover with the subsequent formation of a wide variety placement pattern by thinning crops, leaving and harvesting seeds, different the fact that, in order to increase yields on mountain slopes prone to erosion, the sowing is carried out by two types clover with different biological indicators of development, with the meadow early ripe clover sown in the upper part of the slope, and white clover sown without cover in the summer in the lower part of the slope. Table 1 table 2