RU2707929C1 - Cereal sorghum harvesting machine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture; machine building.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agricultural machine building and can be used for sorghum harvesting. Grain sorghum harvester comprises self-propelled chassis, hydraulic hinge, modules and hopper. Each module includes a direct-flow remote threshing chamber, a normalizer and synchronizing gear. Harvester is additionally equipped with a device for ground threshing plants consisting of a lever installed on a sub-frame on hinges, a cylindrical roller with the knives installed with equal pitch along its generatrices and connected to the lever by means of a hub, and a hydraulic cylinder. Subframe is mounted on a self-propelled chassis. Cylindrical roller is made hollow with length corresponding to width of modules gripping. Hydraulic cylinder is arranged between subframe and lever.

EFFECT: harvester ensures reduction of energy consumption at grinding threshed sorghum plants without their mowing.

1 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, specifically to machines for harvesting sorghum on the vine.

Known harvester for harvesting sorghum (patent RU No. 2635403. Combine for harvesting grain sorghum. Pub. 11/13/2017. Bull. No. 32), taken by us as a prototype. The combine for harvesting grain sorghum contains a self-propelled chassis, a hydraulic hitch, a hopper, modules, each of which includes a direct-flow external threshing chamber, a normalizer, and a synchronizing gear.

The disadvantage of this harvester is the significant energy consumption for mowing, chopping threshed sorghum plants and scattering the chopped mass across the field.

The invention consists in the following.

The objective of the invention is the grinding of threshed sorghum plants without mowing them and laying the crushed mass on the field in order to improve the structure of the soil.

The technical result is a reduction in energy costs when grinding threshed sorghum plants without mowing them.

The specified technical result during the implementation of the invention is achieved by a combine for harvesting grain sorghum, containing a self-propelled chassis, a hydraulic hitch, a hopper, modules, each of which includes a direct-flow external threshing chamber, a normalizer and a synchronizing gear, while the combine is additionally equipped with a grinding device for threshed plants, consisting of a lever mounted on a subframe on hinges of a cylindrical roller with knives placed with equal pitch along its generators and connected with a lever through a hub, a hydraulic cylinder, while the subframe is mounted on a self-propelled chassis, the device for grinding threshed plants is placed to the right of the self-propelled chassis in the direction of its movement and behind a direct-flow remote threshing chamber, a cylindrical roller is hollow with a length corresponding to the width of the modules and is equipped cork, the hydraulic cylinder is placed between the subframe and the lever, and the knives are made with a cutting edge, which can be made in the form of teeth.

The essential features affecting the achievement of the claimed technical solution are:

- combine equipment with a device for grinding threshed plants;

- assembly of a device for grinding threshed plants from a lever, a cylindrical roller and a hydraulic cylinder;

- installation of the lever of the device for grinding threshed plants on a stretcher using hinges;

- installation of a subframe on a self-propelled chassis;

- placement of knives on a cylindrical roller with equal pitch along its generators;

- connection through the hub of a cylindrical roller with a lever;

- placement of a device for grinding threshed plants to the right of a self-propelled chassis along its course and behind a once-through remote threshing chamber;

- the implementation of the cylindrical roller hollow;

- manufacture of a cylindrical roller with a length corresponding to the width of the modules;

- equipment of a cylindrical roller with a stopper;

- placement of the hydraulic cylinder between the subframe and the lever;

- manufacture of a knife with a cutting edge;

- the manufacture of the cutting edge of the knife in the form of teeth.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where in FIG. 1 shows a diagram of the proposed combine for harvesting grain sorghum, side view, in FIG. 2 shows a diagram of the proposed combine for harvesting grain sorghum, a top view, in FIG. 3 shows a section through a knife of a grinding device for threshed plants.

The sorghum harvester is a self-propelled chassis 1, instead of which it is possible to use other energy means, including a tractor, a hydraulic hitch 2, a grain hopper 3. Modules 4 are installed on the self-propelled chassis 1 through a hydraulic hitch 2, each of which includes a direct-flow an external threshing chamber 5, a normalizer 6 and a synchronizing gear 7. The hydraulic hitch 2 can be made both common for all modules 4, and individual for each. In order to coordinate the linear speeds of the strips of the normalizer 6 and the combine, a synchronizing gear 7 is installed, which can be either mechanical, hydromechanical, or electromechanical, or electronically controlled.

The normalizer 6 can be either chain-slatted, or tape, or screw.

A subframe 10 is mounted on the frame of the self-propelled chassis 1, to which a non-power device 8 for grinding threshed plants is attached. This device consists of a lever 9, a cylindrical roller 12 and a hydraulic cylinder 15. The lever 9 is mounted on a subframe 10 on hinges 11. On the lever 9, a cylindrical roller 12 is mounted with a hub 14, on which the knives 13 are placed with equal pitch. knives 13 depends on the cutting length of threshed plants. The cylindrical roller 12 is hollow and equipped with a plug 16. The length of the cylindrical roller 12 is equal to the width of the modules 4. The hydraulic cylinder 15 is placed between the subframe 10 and the lever 9. The device 8 for grinding threshed plants is placed to the right of the self-propelled chassis 1 along its course and behind the direct-flow threshing camera 5. Knives 13 are made with a cutting edge 16. In this case, the cutting edge 16 of the knife 13 can be made in the form of teeth.

The harvester for harvesting grain sorghum works as follows. Before starting work with the hydraulic cylinder 15, the cylindrical roller 12 is lowered until the knives 13 touch the field surface. The hydrodistributor of the standard hydraulic system of the self-propelled chassis 1 is installed in the "floating" position. Through the stopper 16, liquid, for example, water, is poured into the cylindrical roller 12. The cutting force during grinding of threshed plants depends on the volume of liquid poured into the cylindrical roller 12. Hydraulic hitch 2 modules 4 are installed at a height corresponding to the height of the threshed plants. When the combine is moving across the field, the plants of grain sorghum are captured by the normalizer 6 of modules 4 and fed into the direct-flow remote threshing chamber 5. At the same time, the synchronizing gear 7 synchronizes the speed of the beaters of the direct-flow remote threshing chamber 5 with the speed of the combine. In direct-flow remote threshing chamber 5 is threshing sorghum. The threshed grain is fed into the hopper 3. With the further movement of the combine, the threshed plants, leaving the direct-flow remote threshing chamber 5, are pressed to the field surface by a cylindrical roller 12 of the threshed plants grinding device 8. The cylindrical roller 12 rolls around the field, rotating on the hub 14. The cutting edges 16 of the knives 13 cut the plants into pieces equal to the installation steps of the knives 13 on the cylindrical roller 12. The crushed threshed plants remain on the field. At the turns at the end of the field rut and after the end of work, the hydraulic distributor of the standard hydraulic system of the self-propelled chassis 1 is moved to the "up" position. In this case, the hydraulic cylinder 15 rotates the lever 9 on the hinges 11 mounted on the subframe 10. The cylindrical roller 12 rises to the transport position.

Simultaneously with the grinding of plants, another technological operation is performed - stubble peeling, which ensures moisture conservation and weed control.

When using the inventive harvester, the energy of the motor of the self-propelled chassis is not spent on driving the working bodies of the chopper and the spreader of crushed mass across the field, but is spent only on rolling the cylindrical roller.

Thus, the inventive combine for harvesting grain sorghum can reduce energy costs when grinding threshed sorghum plants.

Claims (2)

1. Combine for harvesting grain sorghum, containing a self-propelled chassis, hydraulic hitch, hopper, modules, each of which includes a direct-flow external threshing chamber, a normalizer and a synchronizing gear, characterized in that the combine is additionally equipped with a device for grinding threshed plants, consisting of a lever mounted on a stretcher on hinges, of a cylindrical roller with knives placed with equal pitch along its generators and connected to the lever by a hub, hydraulic cylinder, while the nickname is mounted on a self-propelled chassis, the device for grinding threshed plants is placed to the right of the self-propelled chassis in the direction of its movement and behind a direct-flow external threshing chamber, the cylindrical roller is hollow with a length corresponding to the width of the modules and is equipped with a plug, the hydraulic cylinder is placed between the subframe and the lever, and knives are made with a cutting edge. 2. The harvester for harvesting grain sorghum according to claim 1, characterized in that the cutting edge of the knife is made in the form of teeth.

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