RU2676493C1 - Training device for back and leg muscles - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: sports.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of sports, physical culture, sports equipment for general physical training and can be used to develop back and legs muscles. Training device for developing muscles of back and legs includes platform 1. Two support screws 2 and 3 are attached to it. Support plank 4 for hip joints is mounted on supporting screw 2 (FIG. 2), and the support screw 3 has a support mechanism for fastening the ankles (FIG. 3). Mechanism for creating load resistance is placed in hollow box 9 (FIG. 1). It comprises DC motor of independent excitation 10, connected to the output of adjustable current source 11, functions of which are performed by non-reversible controlled thyristor rectifier; driver (or potentiometer) 12 connected to current source 11 via control input; traction sheave 13 mounted on the same shaft 14 with DC motor 10. Control panel together with digital indicator 15 is installed on the platform 1. Traction sheave pulley 13 is connected by means of flexible thrust 16 to load generating mechanism, which is installed in upper back area of the athlete 17 (FIG. 4), moreover, the specified mechanism is made in form of two plates 18 connected on both sides with semi-rigid pad 19. Flexible rod 16 is rigidly attached to console 20 (FIG. 4). Before starting the exercise, console 20 is inserted into special hooks 22 attached to plates 18 (FIG. 5), then athlete puts his hands on support handle 35, mounted on the plates 18. In addition to console 20 built-in strain gauge 23, connected to control panel with digital indicator 15, which, in turn, is connected with potentiometer 12. Support bed 4 is fixed to support bearing 24 (FIG. 2), which, in turn, is fixed on support nut 5 of support screw 2. Mechanism for holding legs in ankle area consists of support bearing 25 (FIG. 3), fixed to support nut 6, which, in turn, is rigidly attached to support screw 3. Mechanism for regulating place of fastening athlete's ankles (FIG. 3) consists of a worm gear and mechanism attached to it for fixing the ankle, consisting of lower fixed lining 28 and upper movable lining 29, between which spring 33 is installed. Upper movable cover plate 29 is fastened using two side plates 31 with notches 32 and clamp 33 (FIG. 3).EFFECT: improving effectiveness of training athletes due to smooth and operational load control over wide range in process of motor action of an athlete, depending on his individual characteristics.1 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of sports, physical education, sports equipment for general physical training and can be used to develop back and leg muscles.

For physical training in mass physical culture and sports, various training devices are used that allow you to train different muscle groups in different modes of muscle contraction.

The well-known multifunctional simulator Bodycraft F670 is a reliable simulator for training the muscles of the back, hips and press (Electronic resource: GidTorg.ru).

A training device is also known (RF patent No. 2015704), comprising a frame with leg supports and inclined guides; support for the back mounted on them with the possibility of longitudinal movement, with a head restraint placed on it, adjacent to one of the end sides of the support for the back, supports for the shoulders and means of creating a load, as well as a support element for the lumbar spine mounted on the support for the back by means of an adjustable rod.

This device allows you to train the muscles of the extensors of the hip and back, however, it is ineffective for the formation of the axial skeleton.

The well-known Sobolev simulator (RF patent for utility model No. 47758) containing a supporting surface for fixing the hips, a leg lock, persistent handles and a stationary support. In this case, the supporting surface is rigidly fixed with a slope of five degrees with respect to the rear of the simulator on vertical racks, which are fixed on mobile platforms installed with the possibility of movement along a stationary support. On the lower plane of the supporting surface, handles are fixed on both sides, the lower ends of which are fixed on mobile platforms. The latch for the legs is made in the form of a crossbar mounted on a vertical support with the possibility of changing its attachment. In this case, the vertical support is rigidly connected to the cross member connected to the stationary support, consisting of two rods. And between the vertical struts there is a transverse crossbeam - a step.

The disadvantage of the simulator is that when working on it, the emphasis is on the abdominal wall, which in itself is inconvenient and leads to excessive compression of the abdominal wall and diaphragm, as well as a violation of the normal breathing of the trainees.

A known simulator for the development of long back muscles (RF patent for utility model No. 18934), including a frame on which the support roller and handle are fixedly mounted, a device for adjusting the load with the possibility of its movement and fixing in the vertical direction is installed on one of the upper rungs of the frame depending on the anthropometric data of the student. The device for adjusting the load consists of two horizontal guides made of a rectangular profile, with mounting brackets located on them, which, in turn, have the ability to move and fix depending on the anthropometric data of the student. Holders with pressed-in bearings are rigidly fixed on the upper parts of the brackets, into which the axes of the brackets for fastening the movable rollers, equipped with pins for the weight discs, are pressed in, and the guides of the movable rollers are mounted with the ability to move and fix inside the brackets depending on the anthropometric data of the student.

The design of this device by its mechanics ensures the isolated work of only the longitudinal muscle of the back, straightening the spine, while the coordinated work of all the muscles of the back gives the maximum benefit to the health of the student and to the training effect.

There is also known a device for training muscles and correcting posture (RF patent No. 2203711), comprising a rotary frame with an angular position mechanism mounted on a platform in vertical racks, on which a table for placing the body, consisting of a leg section, a flexible pelvic section and a thoracic section, is mounted a head restraint and equipped with clamps for body parts in the form of belts and two shoulders levers of the legs associated with means for creating a load, which is additionally equipped with an exercise chair installed on the platform with means E to create and load trosoblochnymi systems for creating load cables which are fixed to each rack by blocks. The table is additionally equipped with spinal traction mechanisms located at the foot and head ends, hand grips at the head end and roll torso of the body, while the pelvic and thoracic sections of the table are made in one section with a flexible surface mounted with the possibility of changing curvature, the head restraint is mounted on the frame pivotally at the proximal end and by means of a lock at the distal end, and the foot section is made of two parts symmetrical about the longitudinal axis mounted on the frame pivotally in the proxim at the distal end and through locks at the distal end, and the thoracic section is equipped with a mechanism for changing the surface curvature located in the lower part of the frame, and the pelvic section is equipped with a spring-loaded stop. The fixator of the feet is made in the form of a block consisting of two parts, each of which is fixed to the worm of the worm gear by means of an arm mounted in a slot made in the corresponding part of the foot section. We take it for a prototype.

However, the design of the indicated device is rather complicated. In addition, it does not provide the use of a wide range of loads, which makes it ineffective for use in the process of muscle training, since the implementation of means of creating a load in the form of packages of goods does not imply a smooth change in load due to the large number of individual loads.

The disadvantages of all of the above known devices are the limited capabilities of the operational and accurate regulation of static and dynamic load in the process of developing the strength of the muscles of the back and legs.

The task of the invention is to expand the arsenal of sports simulators.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the efficiency of training athletes due to the smooth and operational regulation of the load over a wide range in the process of motor action of an athlete, depending on its individual characteristics.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the training device for the muscles of the back and legs, containing vertical racks installed on the platform, on which the device for placing the pelvic part of the athlete’s body and the mechanism for fixing the ankles are mounted, made in the form of a block of two pads and mounted on a worm gear , and the load-generating mechanism, according to the invention, two vertical support screws are attached to the platform of the hollow box, one of which has a support mechanism for securing lenostopov, on the other - a basic bench for hip athlete; wherein the height of the screws is regulated by the support screws with the help of two pairs of support nuts mounted on opposite ends of the support screws, one of the pairs being rigidly fixed on one side; under the platform in the hollow box there is a mechanism for creating resistance to the load, the rope-leading pulley of which is connected via flexible traction to the mechanism for creating the load located in the region of the upper back of the athlete; the mechanism of creating a load in the region of the upper back of the athlete is made in the form of two plates connected on both sides with a semi-rigid pad located on the upper part of the back of the athlete, and on the other, with a flexible traction of the traction sheave; the fastening of the flexible rod on the plate is adjustable in height with the help of hooks, on which the console is worn with a traction guide attached to it; at the same time, a strain gauge is connected to the console, connected to the control panel and the mechanism for creating load resistance; and the support mechanism for securing the ankles includes a worm mechanism for regulating the support of the legs in the ankle area, made with the possibility of movement and fixation depending on the anthropometric data of the practitioner, and a mechanism for securing the ankle mounted on it, in which between the lower fixed and upper movable overlays the spring, and the pads are interconnected by means of a plate with cutouts and fixed with a latch and equipped with a support handle. In addition, under the platform in the hollow box there is a mechanism for creating resistance to the load, including a direct current electric motor, on which shaft a traction sheave equipped with a flexible rod is installed; an adjustable current source connected to an input of the electric motor, and a driving element connected to an adjustable current source; moreover, the control panel together with a digital indicator is located above the platform; the adjustable current source is made in the form of a non-reversible controlled thyristor rectifier, and the master element is made in the form of a potentiometer.

The novelty of the invention lies in the fact that the device allows the athlete to carry out free motor actions of the body (up - down, right - left) due to the mechanism of creating resistance to the load both at a given level and with the ability to adjust during exercise in dynamic and static modes .

In FIG. 1 shows a general view of a training device for the muscles of the back and legs; in FIG. 2 - supporting bed; in FIG. 3 - supporting mechanism for fixing the ankles; in FIG. 4 - a mechanism for creating a load in the upper back of the athlete; in FIG. 5 - mechanism for securing the console.

The training device for developing the muscles of the back and legs includes a platform 1, two support screws 2 and 3 are attached to it. A support bed 4 for hip joints is mounted on the support screw 2 (Fig. 2), and a support mechanism for fixing the ankles is installed on the support screw 3 (Fig. 3). In either case, the height of the screw supports is regulated by means of the support nuts 5 and 6, which are rigidly fixed to them on one side, and by the support nuts 7 and 8, which are fixed rigidly to the platform 1. A mechanism for creating resistance to the load is placed in the hollow box 9 ( Fig. 1). It includes a direct current electric motor of independent excitation 10 connected to the output of an adjustable current source 11, the functions of which are performed by a non-reversible controlled thyristor rectifier; a driving element (or potentiometer) 12 connected to a current source 11 through a control input; a traction sheave 13 mounted on one shaft 14 with a DC motor 10; the control panel together with the digital indicator 15 is mounted on the platform 1. The traction sheave 13, by means of a flexible rod 16 is connected to the load generating mechanism, which is installed in the upper back of the athlete 17 (Fig. 4), and this mechanism is made in the form of two plates 18 connected on both sides with a semi-rigid pad 19; a flexible rod 16 is rigidly attached to the console 20, (Fig. 4); the console 20 before starting the exercise is inserted into special hooks 22 attached to the plates 18 (Fig. 5), then the athlete puts his hands on the support handle 35, mounted on the plates 18; in addition, a strain gauge 23 is connected to the console 20, connected to the control panel with a digital indicator 15, which, in turn, is connected to the potentiometer 12. The support bed 4 is fixed to the support bearing 24 (Fig. 2), which, in turn, is fixed on the supporting nut 5 of the supporting screw 2. The mechanism for holding the legs in the ankle area consists of a supporting bearing 25 (Fig. 3), mounted on a supporting nut 6, which, in turn, is rigidly attached to the supporting screw 3. Mechanism for adjusting the fixing location athlete's ankles (fi d. 3) consists of a worm shaft 26, on which the handle 30 is fixed, and a worm wheel 27, and a mechanism attached to it for fixing the ankle, consisting of a lower fixed pad 28 and an upper movable pad 29, between which a spring 33 is mounted. the movable lining 29 is carried out using two side plates 31 with cutouts 32 and a latch 33 (Fig. 3).

The proposed training device operates as follows.

The athlete 17 assumes the initial position, lying face down on the support bench 4 in the region of the hip joint, having previously adjusted it in height with the support nut 5 and the support screw 2. The legs in the region of the ankle joint are fixed using the upper movable lining 29 spring-loaded with a spring 33, and the lower stationary lining 28, tightly securing them with special side plates 31 with cutouts 32 and a retainer 34. The initial position of the legs is adjusted by the athlete or instructor using the mechanism of fixing the legs in the region of the ankle joints in height due to the rotation of the support screw 3 by the support nut 6, and in the anteroposterior direction by rotation of the worm wheel 27 with the handle 30, moving it along the worm shaft 26. Using the load control panel for back and leg muscles 15 the athlete or trainer sets the necessary resistance force in the vertical plane, removes the console 20 from the support 21 and fixes the console 20 to the hooks 22 of the plates 18, then the athlete puts his hands on the support handle 35, fixed on the plates 18. Using the support handles 35 (Fig. 4) the athlete, firstly, monitors the execution of the motor action of the body in a different direction (up-down, right-left) and, secondly, provides safety precautions, which allows the athlete to perform the exercise more confidently. After this preliminary preparation, a control signal is supplied to the control input of the adjustable current source 11. This signal determines a predetermined amount of current in the armature circuit of the electric motor 10. In accordance with a predetermined amount of current, the electric motor 10 develops a torque on the shaft 14. The traction sheave 13 transmits force by means of a flexible rod 16 to the strain gauge 23, mounted on the console 20, inserted into the hooks 22, mounted on the plates 18, which, in turn, are mounted on a semi-rigid pad 19. The athlete begins to perform the movement of the body, first down in the inferior mode, and then up in the overcome mode, overcoming the effort Yaga, which throughout the recovery remains constant, corresponding to a given value of the motor current, if the reference signal does not change on their own, or a coach. So, for example, if an athlete cannot overcome the originally set traction force, then the trainer (or independently) can quickly reduce it, having the opportunity to restore its value at any time without interrupting the athlete's performance of a given exercise. Using the control panel, the mode of the magnitude of the load on the body is set at any time to the desired value of the resistance force.

The use of this training device allows you to increase the efficiency of an athlete’s training on the process of improving the strength of the muscles of the back and legs in both dynamic and static modes due to the smooth regulation of the load taking into account the individual physical capabilities of the athlete and, therefore, to increase the specific qualities of the manifestation of motor abilities of the back muscles , gluteal muscles, muscles of the back of the thigh and lower leg. A device for developing the strength of the muscles of the back and legs is safe to use and meets the requirements for sports simulators.

Claims (2)

1. A training device for the muscles of the back and legs, containing vertical racks installed on the platform, on which a device for placing the pelvic part of the athlete’s body and a mechanism for securing the ankles are mounted, made in the form of a block of two pads and mounted on a worm gear, and a load generating mechanism characterized in that two vertical support screws are attached to the platform of the hollow box, one of which has a support mechanism for fixing the ankles, and the other has a support bed for athlete's hip joints; wherein the height of the screws is regulated by the support screws with the help of two pairs of support nuts mounted on opposite ends of the support screws, one of the pairs being rigidly fixed on one side; under the platform in the hollow box there is a mechanism for creating resistance to the load, the traction sheave of which is connected via flexible traction to the mechanism for creating the load located in the region of the upper back of the athlete; the mechanism of creating a load in the region of the upper back of the athlete is made in the form of two plates connected on both sides with a semi-rigid pad located on the upper part of the back of the athlete, and on the other, with a flexible traction of the traction sheave; the fastening of the flexible rod on the plate is adjustable in height with the help of hooks, on which the console is worn with a traction guide attached to it; at the same time, a strain gauge is connected to the console, connected to the control panel and the mechanism of creating load resistance, and the support mechanism for securing the ankles includes a worm mechanism for regulating foot retention in the ankle region, made with the ability to move and fix depending on the anthropometric data of the practitioner, and mounted on there is a mechanism for fixing the ankle, in which a spring is additionally installed between the lower fixed and upper movable plates, and the lining is connected yayut each other using plates with notches and fixed clamp and equipped with the support handle. 2. A training device for the muscles of the back and legs according to claim 1, characterized in that under the platform in the hollow box there is a mechanism for creating resistance to the load, including a direct current motor, on which shaft a traction sheave equipped with a flexible traction is installed; an adjustable current source connected to an input of the electric motor, and a driving element connected to an adjustable current source; moreover, the control panel together with a digital indicator is located above the platform; the adjustable current source is made in the form of a non-reversible controlled thyristor rectifier, and the master element is made in the form of a potentiometer.

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