RU2658433C1 - Method of stimulation of immunobiological status of quails - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: biotechnology.

SUBSTANCE: invention represents a method of stimulating immunological status of quails, including the use of a stimulant containing selenium, where chickens of early age are precipitated with an aqueous solution of selenium-containing astragalus plants in a concentration of 2-5% of the aqueous solution, starting from the 5-day age, and crushed mass of the same plant species is added to the feed to 10% of the diet.

EFFECT: method allows to increase immunity of quails of early age.

1 cl, 6 tbl

Description

The invention relates to the field of agriculture, in particular to poultry farming, and may find application in the cultivation of quail and increase their resistance to diseases by rational nutrition.

There is a method where fumaric acid and mixtures with zeolite-containing clay montmorillonite are used to prevent poultry diseases (Patent No. 232253, 04/20/2008. - IPC A01K 67/02, A61K 31/185, A61K 35/00).

The known method does not sufficiently ensure the safety of the livestock, since there are no norms and quality of watering, which is especially important for young birds.

There is a method in which, for the normal development of birds, heavy metals are removed from the body using a humic preparation mixed with the roots of a peony plant (patent No. 218923, published on September 20, 2002).

There is also a method where heavy metals: lead, cadmium, are excreted from the body of a bird using a lactic acid supplement (patent No. 2306700, published September 27, 2007, IPC A01K 67/02, A61K 35/74).

However, in the known methods, the general condition of the bird is unstable and the body is not protected from infection by infectious diseases. Possessing sorption ability, humic preparations absorb not only heavy metals, but also useful microelements, as a result of which the mineral balance in the animal organism is disturbed.

The closest technical solution is the method when, at the stage of embryonic development of the hatching egg, they are treated with the “selenium asset” preparation, which stimulates the growth of chickens and their antioxidant activity (patent No. 2581198, published April 20, 2016, IPC A01K 67/00).

The disadvantage of the prototype method is that the applied selenium asset, created artificially in combination with protein and vitamin C, has a short-term effect at the embryonic level, and at an early age, selenium of organic origin that supports the health of quail is necessary for a healthy life status. In addition, under adverse environmental conditions, young quail can be exposed to various diseases, which will require additional preventive measures to preserve the immunity of the livestock. The technical result is an increase in immunity of young quail.

The technical solution of the claimed object is that, in contrast to the prototype method, young chickens are soldered with an aqueous solution of selenium-containing astragalus plants in a concentration of 2-5% aqueous solution, starting from 5 days of age, and a ground mass of the same plant type is added to the feed up to 10% of the diet.

The method is as follows.

Galegovidny astragalus (Astragalus galegiformis L.) or woolly-flowered Astragalus (Astragalus dasyanthus Pall.) Contain organic selenium, in contrast to artificial selenium asset.

Organic selenium contained in these types of astragalus is necessary for animals in stressful situations, in case of violation of feeding regimes, the use of rancid food, in case of toxicants caused by heavy metal poisoning. Drinking selenium-rich drinks enriches the body, allowing you to mitigate the effects of stress of various etiologies and prevent a decline in productive indicators. With this use of selenium, the animal organism easily adapts to stress factors. This is especially important for ensuring the safety of the stock of young poultry, as well as stimulating the genetic potential of productivity of elite species of birds of various directions. The rationale for the doses of green mass of astragalus is justified by the content of selenium in them. Below the specified limits, an effect in increasing productivity is not achieved, and above the specified limits, selenium does not reach the level of complete protection against diseases

Organic selenium contained in astragalus enters the body in the form of selenium-containing amino acids. Unlike artificial (as in the prototype), which is quickly restored to hydrogen selenide, organic selenium in the form of methionine is absorbed in the bird's body, allowing it to adapt under stressful conditions, since it is absorbed in the body up to 98%. Inorganic or artificial (selenium asset, as in the prototype) is absorbed by only 30%.

Natural astragalus plants contain a complex of vitamins, polysaccharides, flavonoids, glycosides, vitamin E, which support the immune system in tone, prevent inflammatory processes, and have an antiviral effect.

Example: Prepare an aqueous solution of astragalus, steaming 20 g of crushed raw materials per 100 ml of water. The cooled water is filled in drinkers for chickens 1-5 days old. In winter, the dry mass of astragalus is steamed in an amount of 10 g per the same amount of water. With age, the number of astragalus plants is increased to 10% in order to maintain the immune status of quail. In the experiment, the test was carried out in 5 groups of 10 animals each. As a control, we used a variant adopted as processing eggs with a selenium asset. The first experimental group received selenium of organic origin (from astragalus plants) in an amount of 1.5% aqueous solution. The second group was given only as an additive to food, the third group was given when drinking with a 2% solution of astragalus and the same additive in food during feeding. In the fourth group they watered with a 3% solution of astragalus and in the fifth group with a 5% solution of this species of plants. In all groups, the dynamics of growth and development of poultry, hematological and biochemical parameters of blood serum were taken into account. The results of the experiments are summarized in tables 1-6.

To determine the degree of effectiveness of using astragalus in the diet of quail, we determined the dynamics of live weight, growth and development of birds, and established growth indices of internal organs.

According to the data presented in table No. 1, the most intensively the gain in live weight is determined in the birds of the experimental groups.

So, by the age of one month they prevailed over analogues, as well as birds of the 2nd, 3rd and 4th experimental groups by 77.09. In this case, the 5th experimental group showed the highest rates, this superiority remained until the end of the experiment.

According to the data of table No. 2, the use of astragalus positively influenced the average daily gain in live weight in the birds of the fifth experimental group and the superiority over control analogues was more than one gram. In birds of the fifth and, to a lesser extent, of the fourth group, more favorable values were also revealed by the nature of the absolute and relative growths.

Table No. 3 clearly reflects the nature of the development processes of the bird organism. As shown in the table, the highest growth indices are detected in the liver, heart and muscle stomach. The use of astragalus favorably reflected as a natural phytostimulator on metabolic processes and a factor contributing to the stable and harmonious growth and development of these organs and the body as a whole. It should be emphasized that the most favorable indicators were found in the bird of the fifth experimental group, it significantly and reliably prevailed in the index of growth of internal organs of the bird of all experimental groups, in particular, this predominance was expressed in the growth of parenchymal organs. The latter circumstance is a significant factor reflecting the effect of astragalus on the correction of metabolism and, as a result, the general morphogenesis of the body.

From table No. 4 it follows that astragalus has some effect on the morphological composition of the blood and, to a greater extent, on the hemoglobin content. According to the content of red blood cells and white blood cells, no significant and significant changes between the groups were detected. At the same time, in birds of the 5th and to a lesser degree 4 groups, a more significant predominance in hemoglobin content is determined. Therefore, astragalus promotes hematopoietic activation of mainly erythroid cells, especially at the time of saturation and synthesis in hemoglobin erythroblasts. Contributing to an increase in the oxygen capacity of the blood, astragalus is involved not only in the realization of oxidative and gas transport functions, but also increases the potential for implementing processes of nonspecific resistance and adaptability of the body to exogenous and endogenous stress factors.

When counting the leukogram, insignificant fluctuations between groups were found in the content of basophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes and monocytes, while at the same time, an increase in segmented penneutrophils was revealed to the greatest extent. So, the 5th group by the end of the experiment exceeded the analogues of the control 2, 3 and 4 groups by 1.5 percent or more. Therefore, the use of astragalus has a positive effect on the formation of non-specific defense factors, in particular its cellular mechanisms. This circumstance should be considered as a determining fact in the implementation of a stable immunobiological status of the organism.

The study of the total serum protein content of protein fractions is characterized by a pronounced and significant predominance of poultry of experimental groups over control analogues. So, at the age of one month, the content of albumin and globulins in groups 4 and 5 established a significant superiority over the control group of birds, and subsequently a similar picture with respect to control analogues is detected in birds of all experimental groups. Therefore, the use of astragalus stimulates metabolic processes, and the revealed nature of the content of the gamma fraction of globulins is an important fact confirming the immunostimulating activity.

Claims (1)

A method of stimulating the immunological status of quail, including the use of a stimulating preparation containing selenium, characterized in that chickens of early age are fed with an aqueous solution of selenium-containing astragalus plants in a concentration of 2-5% aqueous solution, starting from 5 days of age, and a ground mass of this is added to the feed the same plant species up to 10% of the diet.