RU2402922C2 - Fodder additive for broiler chickens and laying hens and method of its application - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: food industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to agriculture, namely to poultry feeding. Fodder additive for broiler chickens and laying hens contains methionine, sodium sulfate, vitamin E and filler. Components are taken at the following ratio, wt %: methionine - 3.5-4.5; sodium sulfate - 6-8; filler and vitamin E - balance, besides, content of vitamin E makes 2000-2500 mg/kg of the whole additive. Filler is represented by vermiculite with sealant. Method of broiler chickens and laying hens feeding provides for feeding of above specified fodder additive, which is introduced into mixed fodder in amount of 1.0-3.5 kg/t for the whole period of young growth nurture and keeping mature birds.

EFFECT: invention realisation makes it possible to reduce poultry nervousness and aggressiveness, therefore, to eliminate cannibalism, to improve feathering and quality of egg shells, to reduce toxic effect of mycotoxins, to increase fodder conversion, to provide for productivity growth and poultry integrity.

2 cl, 5 tbl, 2 ex

Description

The invention relates to the field of agriculture, in particular for feeding poultry.

It is known that various feed additives for poultry are used as a source of methionine, vitamins and microelements in the feeding of poultry, namely, the Protein-Vitamin and Mineral Supplement "Russia" for laying hens, RF patent No. 2228069; “Tsamax-M feed additive for animals, birds and fish”, RF patent No. 211533. For the prototype selected "Protein-vitamin supplement for broiler chickens", RF patent No. 2122811. This feed supplement increases the productivity of animals, birds and fish, but does not relieve poultry biting.

The basis of the invention is the task of improving the feed additive for poultry, expanding its spectrum of action on the main zootechnical indicators of poultry rearing and maintenance.

The feed additive is a dry, loose powder of golden yellow color with the smell of methionine, sparingly soluble in water. Bulk density 1.4 g / ml, does not lose effect after crushing, mixing and granulation. It is well dosed by volumetric and weight batchers, it is evenly mixed and distributed in all types of feed raw materials and animal feed. It contains: sulfur-containing amino acid - methionine (3.5-4.5%), vitamin E (2000-2500 mg / kg) in microgranular form, sodium sulfate (6-8%) and vermiculite filler with a sealant.

Organoleptic characteristics and chemical composition are shown in table 1.

Table 1 The chemical composition and organoleptic characteristics of the feed additive The name of indicators The content of the characteristics and values of indicators Appearance Corresponds to loose granular powder Color Golden yellow, corresponds to the color of the components used, from which the additive is prepared Smell Corresponds to the smell of methionine Pest Control Not allowed Fineness:
residue on a sieve with holes with a diameter of 1.5 mm,%, no more
residue on a sieve with holes with a diameter of 1.0 mm,%, no more 1.0-5.0 Mass fraction of metallomagnetic impurity:
Particles up to 2 mm in size, inclusive of 1 kg, not more than
Particles larger than 2 mm and with sharp edges 1-2
Not allowed Mass fraction of moisture,%, no more 13 Mass fraction of sulfur,%, not less 5.5 Mass fraction of sodium,%, not less 6.0-8.0 Mass fraction of methionine and cystine (in total),%, not less 3.5-4.5 The content of vitamin E, mg / kg, not less 2000-2500

The technical result of the use of the feed additive is to reduce the nervousness and aggressiveness of the bird and, as a result, the lack of cannibalism, improve the manageability and quality of the eggshell, reduce the toxic effect of mycotoxins, increase feed conversion, increase productivity and preservation of the bird.

The use of a feed additive allows maintaining the balance of electrolytes in the body, preventing cannibalism, optimizing the level of sodium and sulfur of organic and inorganic origin in feed, without increasing the chlorine content in it, and removing toxins from the body.

Case Studies

The feed supplement was tested on 5 groups of Cobb Avian 48 broiler chickens from a 7-day to 38-day rearing period. At the same time, the chickens of the control and experimental groups received compound feeds of the same nutrition with a mixture of toxins: T-2-mycotoxin and aflotoxin B ₁ at a level of 2 maximum concentration limits for each. The feed additive in the amount of 2 kg / t of feed of the following composition was introduced into the feed of broilers of 2-5 groups:

table 2 Indicator Options one 2 3 four Methionine 1,5 3,5 4,5 5.5 Sodium sulfate 3.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 Vitamin E, mcg / kg 1000 2000 2500 3000 Filler - vermiculite with a sealant when containing the latter 5 10 fifteen twenty

The filler included in the composition of the claimed feed additives contains vermiculite with a sealant. Glauconite is used as a sealant, which is a mineral with well-defined sorption and cation-exchange properties, which in combination with vermiculite prevents mycotoxicosis in birds and ensures good distribution of the feed additive in animal feed, as well as its constituent components. The content of the sealant (glauconite) is given in table.2.

It was found that broiler chickens treated with mycotoxin contaminated feed were negatively affected by high concentrations of foreign toxic agents, while the productivity and safety of the bird was significantly reduced (Table 3).

Table 3 Indicator Compound feed without feed additive Feed Additive Options one 2 3 four Group 1 to 2 3 four 5 Preservation,% 70.0 77.0 88.0 89.0 89.0 The average live weight of broilers in 38 days, g 1350 1410 1520 1529 1500 The cost of feed per 1 kg of increase in live weight, kg 2.45 2.21 2.04 2.00 2.07

The inclusion of toxic feed additives of the specified composition (options 1, 2, 3, and 4) into toxic compound feeds fed during 8-38 days of cultivation contributed to a decrease in the negative effect of toxins on the body, while the productivity of the bird increased. When using all variants of the feed additive, the safety of the livestock, live weight tended to increase with a decrease in feed costs per unit of increase. Thanks to the use of feed additives, improvement in zootechnical indices was noted in all experimental groups, however, these indicators were the best in experimental groups 3 and 4, which received variants of feed additives 2 and 3. Therefore, this composition of the feed additive with different levels of its input into compound feed was tested on chickens and laying hens. The test of the action of the feed additive was carried out on broiler chickens of the cross "Smena-4" and laying hens of the cross "Radonezh".

Example 1. The experiment was conducted on broiler chickens cross "Change-4" in eight groups (70 animals each) from 5 to 37 days of age. Poultry was kept in R-15 cells under the same conditions for all groups (Recommendations for broiler meat production technology, Sergiev Posad, 2005). The first, control, group received standard feed without additives; 2-8 groups received the same feed, but with an additive in doses of 0.5, respectively; 1.0; 1.5; 2.0; 2.5; 3.0; 3.5 kg per 1 ton of feed during the entire period of poultry rearing. Table 4 presents the obtained research results for the growing period.

Table 4 The main zootechnical indicators of broiler chickens when using feed additives Indicator Compound feed without additives Compound feed using feed additives, g / t Group 1 to 2 3 four 5 6 7 8 Feed Additive Dose - 0.5 1,0 1,5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3,5 Preservation,% 95.7 98.6 98.6 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 The average live weight of 37 days, g 2072 ± 36.1 2140 ± 36.4 2184 ± 37.7 2219 ± 38.1 2229 ± 39.0 2232 ± 40.4 2240 ± 38.9 2234 ± 38.0 The average daily gain in live weight, g 54.9 56.8 57.9 58.9 59.2 59.2 59.5 59.3 Percentage compared to control 100.0 103.3 105,4 107.1 107.6 107.7 108.1 107.8 Reliability in live weight compared to control The control P> 0.05 P <0.05 P <0.01 P <0.001 P <0.001 P <0.001 P <0.001 The cost of feed per 1 kg of increase in live weight, kg 1.84 1.80 1.79 1.76 1.75 1.74 1.74 1.75 The presence of cannibalism in chickens,% 4.0 1.3 no no no no no no Digestibility of nutrients of compound feed,%: protein 89.4 90.1 90.7 91.5 92.0 92.4 93.0 93.0 fat 76.5 78,4 79.0 79.2 79.5 79.9 80.2 80.0 Assimilation of nitrogen,% 45.4 45.7 46.1 46.8 47.5 48,2 49.2 49.0

Tests have shown that a feed additive in a dose of 0.5-3.5 kg / t contributes to an increase in live weight of broilers at the end of feeding by 3.3-8.1%. At the same time, the safety of the bird increased by 2.9-4.3%, and cannibalism was not observed in the experimental groups of birds 3-8. The bird in all experimental groups behaved calmly. Digestibility of protein, fat, and the use of compound feed nitrogen in the broilers of the experimental groups were respectively higher by 0.7-3.6%; 1.5-3.7%; 0.3-3.8%. Improving the digestibility and assimilation of feed nutrients in the chickens treated with the supplement helped to reduce feed costs per unit of production. The lowest feed costs per 1 kg of increase in live weight of chickens were obtained in the sixth and seventh experimental groups when 2.5 and 3.0 kg / t of feed additive was introduced into the feed. The use of feed additives can eliminate cannibalism in broilers, increase the use of feed nutrients, live weight of poultry in the experimental groups by 3.3-8.1%, reduce feed costs per unit of increase in live weight by 2.2-5.4%. Example 2. In the second experiment, the feed additive was studied on laying hens of the “Radonezh” cross in eight groups of 30 animals each, with a cell content according to a similar pattern as in broiler chickens described in example 1.

Table 5 presents the results of studies for 13.5 months of experience.

Table 5 The main zootechnical indicators of the use of feed additives on laying hens Indicator Compound feed without additives Compound feed with feed additive, kg / t Group 1 to 2 3 four 5 6 7 8 Input dose - 0.5 1,0 1,5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3,5 Preservation,% 96.7 96.7 one hundred one hundred one hundred one hundred one hundred one hundred Live weight of hens, g: at the beginning of the experiment 1320 ± 25.4 1315 ± 27.1 1307 ± 30.2 1310 ± 31.3 1322 ± 29.4 1318 ± 25.5 1321 ± 27.1 1300 ± 30.2 at the end of the experiment 1715 ± 33.3 1700 ± 37.2 1722 ± 35.4 1720 ± 31.2 1710 ± 34.4 1732 ± 36.8 1737 ± 39.1 1700 ± 31.4 Egg production per initial layer, pcs. 322 324 325 328 330 329 330 327 The intensity of egg production,% 85,2 85.7 86.0 86.8 87.3 87.0 87.3 86.5 The average mass of eggs, g 63.5 ± 0.24 63.8 ± 0.22 63.6 ± 0.30 63.6 ± 0.27 63.8 ± 0.19 63.8 ± 0.17 63.7 ± 0.20 63.7 ± 0.22 Received egg mass from a layer, kg 20.45 20.67 20.67 20.86 21.05 20,99 21.02 20.83 Feed costs, kg on 10 eggs 1.32 1.31 1.31 1.30 1.29 1.29 1.29 1.30 per 1 kg of egg mass, kg 2.08 2.05 2.06 2.04 2.02 2.02 2.03 2.04 The presence of cannibalism in layers,% 6.7 3.3 no no no no no no

The main indicators obtained on laying hens for 13.5 months of the productive period are shown in Table 3, from which it follows that the use of the additive in animal feed had a positive effect on the productive indicators of the bird. When a feed additive is included in the feed of laying hens in the amount of 1.0; 1.5; 2.0; 2.5; 3.0 and 3.5 kg per 1 ton of feed, the safety of the bird was 3.3% higher compared to laying hens of the control group, while the egg production rate increased by 0.8-2.1%, the yield of egg mass per hen increased by 1.1-2.9%, and the cost of feed per 1 kg of egg mass decreased by 1.0-2.9%.

Poultry of all experimental groups consumed mixed feeds the same way, and there were no differences between the hens of the experimental groups and the control in terms of moisture content in the litter.

The presence of cannibalism when a feed additive in a dose of 1.0-3.5 kg / t was included in compound feed was not registered. Thus, using a feed additive in mixed feed for chickens, cannibalism can be completely eliminated.

The feed additive can be used for poultry of all age groups. The input rate is 1.0-3.5 kg per 1 ton of feed during the entire growing period.

The feed additive is especially effective when using mixed feeds that do not contain fishmeal and other animal feeds, which are rich in sulfur-containing amino acid - methionine. When using a feed additive, the poultry organism's need for sulfur of both organic and inorganic origin is met, which reduces the phenomenon of cannibalism in birds.

It is introduced into the feed during their preparation both at the feed mill enterprises and directly at the farms with mixers. The biological activity of the drug in the feed remains for 3 months.

The use of poultry products after application of the feed additive is not limited.

Claims (2)

1. A feed additive for broiler chickens and laying hens, including methionine, characterized in that it additionally contains sodium sulfate, vitamin E and a filler, which is used vermiculite with a sealant, in the following ratio, wt.%: Methionine 3, 5-4.5; sodium sulfate 6-8; filler and vitamin E the rest, and the content of vitamin E is 2000-2500 mg / kg of the entire supplement. 2. A method of feeding broiler chickens and laying hens, comprising feeding a feed additive, characterized in that the method involves feeding a feed additive according to claim 1, which is introduced into the feed in a dose of 1.0-3.5 kg / t throughout period of rearing young animals and keeping adult birds.