RU2624937C1 - Method of surface pipeline construction in swamps - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: in method, the launch pad mounting is implemented, the reinforced concrete pyramid anchor is installed, and load-fixing composite cables are pulled between the anchor and the launch pad. The delivery of the first and the subsequent pontoon module is made, they are laid on the day surface of the earth or the swamp mirror and fixed on the load-fixing cables. Thereinafter, the installation of gauge-forming channel beams is carried out, and the delivery of the first and subsequent sections of the pipeline by the "on itself" method is carried out by means of the mounting and laying complex. The pipeline is welded in a line, and waterproofing the joints of the sections is carried out. On the pontoon base a casing is fixed to protect the waterproof pipeline coating from solar radiation.

EFFECT: increasing the efficiency and reliability of the pipeline building while reducing logistic costs and maintaining the ecological balance inside the swamp and on its day surface.

2 cl, 7 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the construction of an onshore pipeline and the protection of its waterproofing coating from solar radiation.

There is a method of constructing a pipeline in swamps, including preparing a construction strip, reinforcing it, laying a trench, laying a pipeline and filling it with soil, while building a road base is carried out on a building strip from one of its borders, and laying a trench and laying pipelines between the other border the construction strip and the border of the allotment of the road [RU 2003111256 A, IPC F16L 1/24 (2000.01), publ. 2005].

There is a method of laying a pipeline in a swamp, which consists in laying along a highway, delivering backfill soil to the place of laying, laying geotextile carpets on the pipeline and on the surface of the swamp, filling up geotextile carpets with soil with overlapping backfill with geokovry, connecting their edges and sprinkling geokovry with soil [ RU 2227857 C1, IPC F16L 1/28 (2000.01), publ. 2004].

A known method of constructing a pipeline in the swamps of the first, second and third type, which in all cases is constructed underground and requires the installation of a trench (by type of underwater passage) into which the pipeline is then mounted. With existing methods for constructing a pipeline in swamps, in most cases, a preliminary peat is made for a future foundation (bed) for a pipeline [Oil and gas construction. N.N. Mazur, Omega, Moscow, 2005, p. 774. Repair and construction of gas mains in flooded and wetlands, at underwater crossings using concrete pipes. STO Gazprom 2-2.2-334-2009. BCH 39-1.9-003-98].

To ensure a reliable foundation (bed) under the pipeline, instead of the extracted volumes of peat, “soft” soil-sand is imported. Then, a pipeline equipped with a waterproofing coating from the outer surface is mounted on the formed bed. Since there is no sufficient mineral soil for ballasting the pipeline in the swamps, which ensures its reliable fixation, the pipeline is fixed using anchors of various designs. Anchors are introduced into the mineral soil at the bottom of the swamp on both sides of the pipeline and are interconnected by a power belt having a gasket from brizol and a lining mat, which allows you to ballast the pipeline and keep it in the design position. This eliminates the occurrence of an additional stress state of the pipeline wall.

The dimensions of the technological corridor in the swamps are carried out in such a way that there is sufficient width to accommodate the construction pipeline itself, hoisting and other construction equipment. For the passage of construction equipment along the trench, a pit road is constructed that requires large additional costs. In the swamps of the third type, trenching and bailing are carried out by backhoe loaders located on watercraft, and the pipeline itself, lined with wooden slats, is mounted by pulling winches from the opposite land bank during construction (duker method).

All this leads to significant costs in the construction of pipelines in the swamps.

The disadvantages of this method are:

- A large amount of earthwork;

- The tendency of the wall of the trench to collapse due to poor cohesion of soil particles and a large degree of water cut;

- A large amount of peat;

- The high cost of transportation and backfilling of mineral soil after peat swamps;

- The enormous costs of the device and materials for the unmade mounting road, arranged along the trench;

- An additional need for boats and their delivery to the swamps of the third type;

- Additional installation on a dry shore opposite the course of the route of the swamp of the winches for pulling the duker;

- The need for lining the pipeline;

- The need to inject anchors for ballasting the pipeline;

- Inefficiency of used ballasting devices;

- High complexity of manufacturing and broaching a concrete pipe;

- Due to the multiple increase in the weight of a concrete pipe equipped with ring ballasting weights, it is impossible to install them from the edge of the trench without using the “interception” of the pipeline lash;

- The need to freeze the thickness of the saturated soil of trenches;

- Installation of concrete pipe lashes or equipped with ring weights requires twice the number of pipe layers;

- High complexity of welding pipe lashes in a flooded trench.

The task to which the claimed technical solution is directed is to develop a method for constructing a pipeline used all year round with the exception of excavation from the technological chain (lack of a trench) along highway roads, the need for the delivery of soil for bedding and a laid road, the use of excavators, pipe layers, winches and other mechanisms.

In the implementation of the proposed technical solution, the task is solved by achieving a technical result, which consists in increasing the efficiency and reliability of the construction of the pipeline while reducing material and technical costs and maintaining environmental balance within the swamp and on its day surface.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that the method of constructing a pipeline in the swamps includes the following operations: when approaching the swamp, a fixed launch pad is arranged with shelter from the weather; establish a reinforced concrete pyramidal anchor on the opposite bank along the route of the main pipeline; pulling high-strength composite load-bearing cables from the anchor to the launch pad (i.e. between the anchor and the launch pad); stack pontoon modules on load-fixing cables; fix the pontoon modules on the cables with their simultaneous fixation on the day surface; with the help of the installation and laying complex, the pontoon track is gradually being built up under the pipeline under construction; in parallel, channels are mounted on the pontoon modules with the shelves up to ensure the passage of the required equipment along this track; at the same time, along the path constructed of composite pontoon modules, the mounting and laying complex moves in the abdominal part of the pipeline section to ensure the possibility of sequential building up of the on-ground pipeline of the route using the “on itself” method; moreover, these sections are laid on the pontoon modules and welded together in a line; then waterproofing the welded joints; on the constructed pipeline with waterproofing of the outer surface, a protective casing is mounted on top, protecting the coating from the destructive effects of solar radiation; a protective cover for stabilizing the mounting position is rigidly connected to the pontoons. It is possible to install weather protection over the joints of the sections.

The construction of the pipeline is carried out almost without destruction of the earth and swamp surfaces, therefore, the inventive method is an environmentally friendly technology.

Comparative analysis with traditional technology shows that the claimed method of construction uses advanced methods, techniques and technology. This method allows to reduce construction time by 2–3 times due to the refusal to carry out earthwork, the use of earthmoving equipment, anchors or weights, pipe layers, a laid road, to protect the existing pipeline from solar radiation, and to preserve the ecological balance in nature.

The inventive method of laying a pipeline in swamps allows, without disturbing the vegetation cover and excluding large volumes of earthwork and anchoring the pipeline: to install a reinforced concrete pyramidal anchor on the dry bank of the swamp opposite the route; pull high-strength composite cables; use composite pontoon modules; mount composite pontoon modules with fixing on cables; move the installation and laying complex over the mounted pontoon base; place a crane installation on the installation and laying complex; build up the pontoon base (bed of the pipeline); to mount the channel upward for the device of a track-forming track (track); with the help of the assembly-and-laying complex, transport sections in its abdominal part, thus increasing the main pipeline by the “on itself” method; weld together sections of the pipeline; waterproofing the welded joints of the pipeline; install a protective coating on the pipeline from solar radiation; Do not disturb the natural landscape.

The use of composite pontoon modules that are not susceptible to corrosion as bedding makes it possible to exclude earthworks and thereby ensure the preservation of the ecological balance inside the swamp and on its day surface.

The use of a mobile assembly and laying complex allows you to replace traditional pipe layers, which reduces construction time and eliminates unproductive technological operations.

The connection of the pontoon modules with each other and the protective covers creates a monolithic strong construction of the pipeline under construction.

Installation of pontoon modules with the help of a crane installed on a mobile installation and laying complex will allow to quickly carry out construction and installation work on laying pontoon modules and delivery of pipeline sections.

Installation along the pontoon modules of the channels oriented upward by shelves to obtain a rut-forming all-weather passage of the required equipment provides simplification of the pipeline maintenance.

The use of a reinforced concrete pyramidal anchor will make it possible to provide a fixed position of a pipeline laid in swamps in conjunction with composite cables.

The use of high-strength composite load-retaining cables that are not subject to corrosion will ensure reliable long-term operation of the constructed pipeline under any weather conditions and water flood rise.

Using a fixed covered launching pad when approaching the swamp will allow for preparatory work with sections of the pipeline at any time of the year.

The use of portable shelters for welding and waterproofing sections of the pipeline will allow the work of specialists in any weather conditions.

The casing of the waterproofing coating of the main pipeline, located on the pontoon modules, ensures its sun protection.

The method is illustrated by illustrative materials.

In FIG. 1 shows: reinforced concrete pyramidal anchor 1 with fragments 2 of high-strength composite load-bearing cables.

In FIG. 2, FIG. 3 (top view) schematically shows: the location of the reinforced concrete pyramidal anchor 1, launch pad 3, wetland 4, stretched high-strength composite load-holding cables 5, dry and front / wetland 6, automated wheeled transport 7 with crane installation (ACT) in the head , pontoon modules 8, laid for transportation to the ACT, stackable pontoon module 9, laid on high-strength composite load-holding cables 5, pontoon base (track) 10, track track 11 of w wellers.

In FIG. 4, FIG. 5 (top view) shows: delivery of sections 12 located in the abdominal part of ACT 7 for building up the pipeline 13 by itself on the pontoon base 10.

In FIG. 6 shows: welding of joints of 14 sections of the pipeline 13 in line, waterproofing 15 of the welded sections of the pipeline 13, protective visors 16 to ensure the production of the required work.

In FIG. 7 shows: the placement of the protective coating 17 from the solar radiation of the pipeline 13, the placement on the pontoon base 10 of channels in the rutting track 11.

The entire construction complex can be conditionally divided into construction, protective and environmental components.

The construction component includes a launching pad, a reinforced concrete pyramidal anchor, composite high-strength fixing cables, composite pontoon modules, an installation and laying complex with a crane in the head, channels for gauging, pipe sections, protective visors.

The protective component is a composite box-shaped case (protective casing), connected as a whole with the pontoon modules.

Ecological component - locally minimal impact on the environment, i.e. no impact on the bowels and landscape of the swamp.

The method is as follows.

Carry out the installation and fastening of the covered launch pad 3. Install the reinforced concrete pyramidal anchor 1. Tighten the high-strength load-fixing composite cables 5. Using the assembly and laying complex (AKT) 7, deliver the first and subsequent modules of the composite pontoon modules 8. Make laying and fastening to the load-fixing cables of 5 stacked pontoon modules 9. Install the gauge-forming channels 11. Sequentially deliver sections 12 of the pipeline 13 to the pontoon base niya 10 method of "self". Install protective shields 16 (light sun- and rain protective devices) over the joints of 14 sections 12 of the pipe 13. Weld the joints of 14 sections 12 of the pipe 13. Waterproof 15 welded joints 14 of the pipe 13. Install and secure the protective cover 17 from solar radiation, which is, for example, a tool made in the form of a trough of composite materials, made with the possibility of fixation on the pontoon modules.

Claims (2)

1. A method of constructing an onshore pipeline in swamps, characterized in that it provides for the following operations: installation of a launch pad; establish a reinforced concrete pyramidal anchor; pulling composite anchor cables between the anchor and the launch pad; using the assembly complex, deliver the first and subsequent pontoon module; pontoon modules are laid on the surface of the earth or in the swamp mirror; fix pontoon modules on load-fixing cables; make installation of rutting channel channels; by means of the installation and laying complex, the delivery of sections of the pipeline by the method of "on"; a stackable pipeline is welded into a line; waterproofing the joints of sections of the pipeline; mounting and securing the casing on a pontoon base to protect the waterproofing coating of the pipeline from solar radiation. 2. The construction method according to p. 1, characterized in that during the production of works, additional protective peaks are installed above the joints of the pipeline sections.

Images