RU2697753C1 - Underwater transition of "zero buoyancy" - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to construction, namely, to means of overcoming water obstacles. Underwater transition of "zero buoyancy" intended to overcome water obstacles. Transition is in water medium and its weight is balanced by buoyancy force of water, wherein consists of base, installed on it of concrete blocks to form cross section of transition, installed transport tunnels and pipelines of engineering services, filled with monolithic reinforced concrete, which serves as mechanical protection of transport tunnels and engineering service pipelines and a load against crossing surfacing.EFFECT: technical result consists in ensuring the reliability of construction, reducing the cost of underwater crossing, increasing durability.1 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The underwater transition "zero buoyancy" refers to the field of technology for overcoming water obstacles: rivers, straits, bays, etc. Bridges, deep tunnels, dams, dams, etc., are usually used to overcome water obstacles. An analogue of the invention is deep-seated tunnels: a tunnel through the English Channel, an underwater passage according to the copyright certificate SU 1370252 A1, E21D 10/08, 01/30/1988, 3c, etc.

The difference between the underwater transition “zero buoyancy” is its presence in the aquatic environment: at the bottom, or in the notch of the bottom of a water obstacle (river, strait, bay, etc.).

This solution allows the use of the “zero buoyancy” transition in seismically hazardous areas, because, due to the fact that the mass of the transition is balanced by the buoyancy force of water, seismic forces do not arise during earthquakes in the “zero buoyancy” transition.

Another difference of the “zero buoyancy” transition is that it does not require complex and expensive foundations under difficult geological conditions at the bottom of a water obstacle (weak silty pounds, etc.), because its mass is balanced by the buoyancy force of water.

The constructive solution of the underwater transition "zero buoyancy" consists of transport tunnels (for example steel) located in a volume of monolithic concrete (or reinforced concrete, for example fiber concrete), which is the mechanical protection of transport tunnels and serves as a load of tunnels against their ascent. Such a constructive solution makes it possible to place various engineering communications (for example, water conduits, gas pipelines, oil pipelines, electrical tunnels, etc.) in the mass of monolithic concrete, as well as, if necessary, additionally lay various communications, pouring them with concrete.

The transition of the “zero buoyancy” transition is carried out by laying a crushed stone layer under the transition, which makes it possible to smooth out unevenness of the bottom, or by arranging a pile foundation with a large thickness of the layer of soft soils (as, for example, in the case of the Kerch Strait, where the thickness of the layer of soft soils at the bottom of the strait reaches 40 m )

This solution also eliminates the occurrence of seismic forces in the underwater transition "zero buoyancy", because through the base of loose soils (crushed stone), or through a flexible pile base located in the thickness of weak soils, seismic forces are not transmitted.

The drawings (Fig. 1-3) show examples of a cross section of an underwater transition of "zero buoyancy", explaining all the essential features and differences of the transition.

In FIG. Figure 1 shows an example of a “zero buoyancy” transport passage, consisting of transport tunnels (1) located in the bulk of reinforced concrete (2). Crushed stone (3) was used as the base and leveling layer. Reinforced concrete blocks (4) were used to form the cross section of the transition. Other methods of forming a cross section of the transition are possible.

In FIG. Figure 2 shows an example of an underwater transition of “zero buoyancy”, in which, in addition to transport tunnels (1), engineering communications pipelines (5) are located in the thickness of monolithic reinforced concrete (2).

In FIG. Figure 3 shows an example of an underwater transition of “zero buoyancy” with a pile base (6) for cases when there is a layer of soft soils at the bottom of a water obstacle.

The construction of the underwater transition "zero buoyancy" is carried out in the following order:

- a transition is made up - dumping of crushed stone, or arrangement of a pile foundation;

- installation of a number of concrete blocks (for the option of foundation from crushed stone), or laying a layer of monolithic reinforced concrete (for the option of pile foundation);

- laying a layer of monolithic reinforced concrete (for the option of the base of crushed stone);

- installation of transport tunnels;

- installation of subsequent rows of concrete blocks;

- layer-by-layer concreting with monolithic reinforced concrete, with installation, along the course of concreting, pipelines of utilities.

For the construction period, for immersion, transport tunnels and utilities pipelines are filled with water. Emptying transport tunnels and pipelines of engineering communications is carried out after the monolithic reinforced concrete gains design strength.

Claims (1)

An underwater transition of “zero buoyancy”, designed to overcome water obstacles, characterized in that the transition is in the aquatic environment and its weight is balanced by the buoyancy force of water, while it consists of a base, concrete blocks installed on it to form the cross section of the transition, installed transport tunnels and pipelines of engineering communications, filled with monolithic reinforced concrete, which serves as mechanical protection for transport tunnels and pipelines of engineering communications and m against the ascent of the transition.

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