RU2765209C1 - Buoyant dam - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: building.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to hydraulic engineering construction, in particular, to engineering structures protecting the territories of populated areas from flooding during river floods. The buoyant dam consists of floating sections 1 interconnected in horizontal rows. The rows are therein rectilinear sides of a closed contour around the populated area, or are located along the coastal strip of a reservoir. The location and geometry of the dam in the plan depend on the conditions of the terrain. The rectilinear sides forming the corner of the dam are interconnected via a concrete abutment, adjoining the vertical planes thereof. The principle of operation of the dam consists in lifting the buoyant sections 1, secured hingedly in the foundation 2, by the pushing force of the water. A buoyant plane is therein created - a dam, the angle of inclination whereof to the horizon increases as the water raises. Each of the sections of the dam 1 is made so that one side of the row of sections remains latched onto the foundation 2, forming a hinge therewith. In order to waterproof the junctions of sections 1, the hinge formed with the foundation, and for the sections to adjoin the abutments through which the rows of sections 1 forming the corner of the dam are interconnected, the dam comprises a waterproofing membrane 8, and to latch the sections 1 in the foundation 2, excluding floating thereof in a horizontal position, the dam is equipped with a flat hook insert 7.

EFFECT: creation of a waterproof plane is ensured due to the buoyancy of the floating sections previously mounted on the reinforced concrete foundation, forming a hinge therewith and interconnected in horizontal rows.

1 cl, 12 dwg

Description

Description of the invention

The invention Pop-up dam relates to hydraulic engineering, in particular, to engineering structures that protect the territories of settlements from flooding during floods, and is, in essence, a mechanical pop-up dam.

Known flood protection devices in the form of ground dams, made in the form of embankments with protective and impervious layers and drainage (patent RU No. 2346107, IPC 02B 7/06, publ. 10.02.2009, patent RU No. 2706152, IPC E02D 17/18 , published 11/14/2019). Soil dams provide effective protection of settlements from floods, but their construction is not advisable in cases of protection against irregular flooding of the territories of small settlements, due to the high material consumption of such dams, and as a result of the high cost and duration of their construction. The construction of soil dams also leads to a change in the landscape.

The closest analogue of the claimed invention is a structure that includes a complex of anti-flood mobile sections that form a storage tank between the pressure and water-retaining faces, interconnected by hinges (patent RU No. 2659242, No. 41739, IPC E02B 7/02, E02B 3/10, publ. 29.06 .2018).

The similarity with the analogue of the claimed invention lies in the presence of a dam plane rising due to the buoyancy of the water and the presence of a hinge associated with a concrete base.

The differences from the analogue of the claimed invention lie in its greater simplicity and reliability, which are due to the natural buoyancy of the sections, the lack of dependence on the mobility of a large number of hinges, the absence of pipelines with valves, and the presence of a waterproofing membrane.

The disadvantages of the analogue include the insecurity of hinges and pipelines with valves from clogging with soil and debris, as a possible manifestation of the impact of intense floods, as well as the lack of buoyancy of the water-retaining planes.

The task performed by the Floating Dam is to protect the territories of settlements from flooding during floods.

The technical result consists in creating a waterproof plane, due to the floating sections pre-mounted on a reinforced concrete foundation, forming a hinge with it and connected to each other in horizontal rows.

Rows are straight sides of a closed contour around a settlement, or are located along the coastal strip of a reservoir. The location and geometry of the dam in the plan depends on the conditions of the area.

The rectilinear sides forming the corner of the dam are mated with each other through the concrete abutment, adjoining its vertical planes.

Floating sections of the dam - 1, each of which forms a hinge with the foundation - 2, under normal conditions are in a horizontal position lying on the ground. When laying sections, excavation is provided. The excavation is carried out in such a way that after laying the sections and their protective filling with expanded clay gravel - 3, the upper level of the backfill is equal to the ground level - 4. To protect the hinge from soil and gravel, a hinge cover is provided - 5 made of elastic material. After the installation of the foundation, backfilling with sand is provided - 6.

When flooded, the water, with its buoyancy force, begins to lift the edges of the rows of sections facing the direction of the water. At the same time, the other side of a number of sections remains hooked to the foundation, forming a hinge with it. Thus, a dam plane is created that rises along with an increase in the water level. The force of water pressure, through the sections, is transmitted to the foundation, which, in turn, transfers it to the ground.

To pinch the sections in the foundation, which excludes their ascent in a horizontal position, the dam design is provided with a flat liner-hook - 7, which is fixed to the adjacent sections, when they are laid, in the junction between them, pre-installed under the hinge axis. The insert-hook is installed when turning around its axis, which is due to the geometry of the hinge.

For waterproofing the joints of sections, adjoining sections to the abutments, as well as the hinge, a waterproofing membrane made of polyvinyl chloride - 8 is provided in the design of the Floating Dam. The membrane is fixed in the longitudinal direction on one side to the ends of the floating sections, on the other side to the foundation. In the transverse direction, the membrane is fixed to the corner concrete abutment - 9, located between adjacent rows of floating sections.

The floating sections of the dam, the liner-hook and the hinge cover are made of plastic, as well as the bolts that hold the sections together. The foundation is made of concrete reinforced with fiberglass reinforcement, prefabricated from blocks with a length equal to the length of the section. The design of each block provides a recess for the insert-hook.

The invention is shown in the drawings:

in fig. 1 - Section of the dam. Cross section. position on the ground;

in fig. 2 - Section of the dam. Cross section. flood situation;

in fig. 3 - Scheme of operation of the floating dam. Position of sections on the ground;

in fig. 4 - Scheme of operation of the floating dam. flood situation;

in fig. 5, 6, 7, 8 - Conditional phases (1, 2, 3, 4) of the dam rising during flooding;

On the photo of the working layout of the Pop-up dam:

in fig. 9, 10, 11, 12 - Conditional phases (1, 2, 3, 4) of the dam rising during flooding.

Claims (1)

Floating dam, which includes sections located in horizontal rows, each of which is hinged to the foundation, which, under normal conditions, are in a horizontal position, lying on the ground, when flooded, rising by the buoyancy force of the water, thereby creating a dam plane rising along with an increase in the water level, characterized in that each of the sections is made in such a way that one side of a number of sections remains hooked to the foundation, forming a hinge with it, while the sections are made with the possibility of being lifted by the buoyancy force of water due to the natural buoyancy of the sections, and for waterproofing the joints of the sections formed with the foundation of the hinge and the junction of the sections to the abutments, through which the rows of sections, forming the corner of the dam, are mated, the dam contains a waterproofing membrane, and to pinch the sections in the foundation, excluding their ascent in a horizontal position, it is equipped with a flat insert-hook.

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