RU2616778C1 - V.d. devyatkin's method and device for growing seedlings under pressure - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: in sealed container equipped with the systems of gases feeding and dosing, lighting by phyto lamps, temperature control and seedlings condition control, increased gas pressure in the sealed container is created, due to which accelerated photosynthesis is carried out due to the high concentration of carbon dioxide in the aqueous solution feeding the seedlings roots. The gases are represented by air and carbon dioxide. Wherein the natural pressure drop in the container as a result of plants development is compensated by carbon dioxide supply into the container. The device consists of a sealed container, in which there is a hatch through which seedlings are placed into the container. The hatch is closed by the removable panel on which the systems of gas supply and pressure control are mounted. Inside the container on the walls and edges there is reflecting coating of foil strips of blue and red colours.

EFFECT: acceleration of plant growth by means of creating high gases pressure.

2 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural production, in particular to methods of accelerated growing seedlings in personal subsidiary plots.

The well-known "Method of hydroponic cultivation of C3 plants" described in patent RU No. 2281647, which consists in supplying purified carbon dioxide under a sealed film covering the plants.

Its disadvantage is that under the film the air pressure does not exceed atmospheric.

It is known "Device for growing plants in vitro." Described in RU 98864 U1, consisting of a sealed vessel with illumination.

The disadvantage of this device is the significant cost of labor and materials.

The device “Floating bioreactor for growing microalgae in an open reservoir”, described in RU patent No. 2524993, consisting of an airtight container floating on a reservoir, pipelines and gas supply and selection, was selected as a prototype.

Its disadvantage is that it is complex in structure and is not intended for use on land.

Devices and methods suitable for accelerated growing seedlings by creating increased gas pressure in a sealed container, not identified.

The objective of the invention is to provide a method and device for accelerated growing seedlings by creating in a sealed container increased gas pressure, which would completely satisfy the need of a developing plant in the carbon necessary for plant growth.

The technical result of the invention is a new property of increased gas pressure, which allows to accelerate the development of plants by saturating carbon with aqueous solutions that feed the roots in a special hermetic container equipped with a gas supply and dosage system, lighting with phytolamps, and temperature and seedling condition control.

The achievement of the claimed technical result and, as a result, the solution of the problem is achieved by the fact that in a sealed container equipped with a gas supply and dosage system, lighting with phytolamps, as well as monitoring the temperature and condition of seedlings, increased gas pressure is created, which use air and carbon gas, and the natural decrease in pressure in the tank as a result of the development of plants is compensated by the supply of carbon dioxide to the tank.

The task is also achieved by the fact that the device consists of a sealed container with seedlings, in which there is a hatch, which is closed by a removable panel, on which gas supply and pressure control systems are mounted, as well as a temperature sensor, and inside the container there is a reflective coating on the walls and ribs, consisting of strips of foil blue and red.

In FIG. 1 shows a diagram of an internal device.

In FIG. 2 shows a diagram of the device, section AA in FIG. 1.

In FIG. 3 shows a diagram of the device, section BB in FIG. one.

The essence of the method lies in the fact that when creating high pressure in a sealed container, accelerated photosynthesis occurs due to the high concentration of carbon dioxide in the aqueous solution that feeds the roots of seedlings.

The device consists of a strong hermetic tank 1, inside of which are installed reflective ribs 2, fastened to the wall of the tank 1 and reinforcing its strength. An inspection window 3 is installed in the walls of the tank 1, a tube 4 welded from one end with a liquid poured into it for installing a thermometer. The inner surface of the container 1 has a reflective coating, for example, stripes of reflective foil, a color close to blue, and a color close to red. The foil strips are positioned at an angle to the horizontal, either vertically or horizontally. On one of the walls of the tank 1, a loading hatch 5 is made of an elongated shape (for example, in the form of a rectangle or oval), which differs from a square or a circle, which allows you to insert the panel 6 with a sealed lining inside. Panel 6 using a bolted connection is pressed from the inside to the loading hatch 5, which allows to increase the degree of tightness of the container 1 due to the additional pressing of the panel 6 by the gas pressure generated in the container 1. On the panel 6, an LED phytolamp 7 is installed on the upper side, and on the outside a pressure gauge 8 is attached to the panel 6; a hose with a valve, a valve 9 and a cylinder 10 filled with purified carbon dioxide; a hose with a valve and a pump 11 is also attached to the panel 6. The temperature in the container 1 is regulated by a heat-insulating mat 12. A cartridge 13 is installed inside the container 1 in the form of a tray with pots filled with soil in which seeds or sprouts are planted.

The device operates as follows.

In a strong airtight container 1 through the loading hatch 5 insert the cartridge 13, pre-filled to the bottom with a layer of water. Then, the panel 6 is inserted inside the container 1 and, using a bolted connection, is pressed from the inside to the loading hatch 5. After sealing the container 1, atmospheric air is pumped into it with pump 11 up to 75% of the set pressure, for example, up to 1.5 atmospheres, if seedlings are to be grown under 2 atmospheres. The remaining 25% (or 0.5 atmospheres) are filled with purified carbon dioxide from the cylinder 10, regulating its intake by the valve 9. As the carbon dioxide dissolves in the water and is absorbed by the plants, the pressure in the tank 1 drops, therefore, carbon dioxide is added to the specified value, controlling pressure on the manometer 8. For each type of plant, its optimal pressure value is set, which can be in the range from 1 to 9 atmospheres. They include an LED phytolamp 7, which in its spectrum has a predominance of blue and red light. The light from the phytolamp 7, reflected from the inner walls of the tank 1 and from the reflective ribs 2, which are covered with a reflective foil, uniformly illuminates the entire seedlings in the cassette 13. To accelerate photosynthesis in plants, alternating reflective strips of red and blue foil are used, which are best placed under angle to the horizon, but their location in a vertical or horizontal plane also accelerates photosynthesis.

Alternating day-night lighting is done on relic days lasting 36 hours, of which day is 27 hours, and night is 9 hours. The temperature in the tank is determined by a thermometer, inserting it into the tube 4 with the liquid poured into it. The temperature should not exceed + 40 ... 45 degrees Celsius, regulate it with a heat-insulating mat 12, closing or opening the outer surfaces of the tank 1. The optimal temperature range at which seedlings are grown from +10 to +36 degrees Celsius.

The proposed method and device will reduce the time of growing seedlings.

Currently, the device is at the prototype stage and is being tested.

Claims (2)

1. A method of growing seedlings, which consists in the fact that in an airtight container equipped with a gas supply and dosage system, lighting with phytolamps, and temperature and seedling condition control, an increased gas pressure is created in the airtight container, due to which photosynthesis is accelerated due to the high the concentration of carbon dioxide in an aqueous solution that feeds the roots of seedlings, and air and carbon dioxide are used as gases, and the natural decrease in pressure in the tank as a result of the development of plant comp siruyut fed into the carbon dioxide tank. 2. Device for growing seedlings, consisting of a sealed container, characterized in that it has a hatch through which seedlings are placed in the container and which is closed by a removable panel on which gas supply and control systems for gas pressure are mounted; inside the container, there are walls and fins reflective coating of blue and red foil stripes.

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