RU2599567C1 - Device for separation of seedballs from stems - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture; machine building.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agricultural machine building and can be used in flax pullers. Device for separation of seedballs from stems comprises a chamber with a hopper. Chamber is located above the pulling section in the area of pulling stems and consists of two fixed cases, in which at an angle to each other there are two synchronously rotating discs. On the inner surface of the discs there is the same number of scrapers arranged opposite each other. On the outer surface of the discs there are blades.

EFFECT: technical result is creation of optimal conditions for separation of seedballs from stems without losses of seeds with minimum content of impurities.

1 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery and can be used in flax harvesting machines.

Famous flax harvesters (A.S. USSR No. 1271426, class A01D 45/06, 1985; A.S. USSR No. 1470227, class A01B 45/06, 1987) contain devices for separating seed boxes from flax stalks, consisting of comb drum and clamp conveyor.

The main disadvantage of these known devices is that when combing flax tape, the teeth of the comb, repeatedly penetrating the flax tape at a speed of 8 m / s, damage up to 40% of the stems. Damage to the stems are in the form of clipping them, cutting and soaking the tops. As a result, in addition to seed bolls and free seeds, a significant amount of impurities in the form of whole stems and their fragments falls into the heap. Drying such a heap requires a lot of energy.

Known devices for separating seed boxes from stems (A.S. USSR No. 1022677, class A01D 45/06 1981; A.S. USSR No. 1246926, class A01D 45/06, 1984), in which the main working bodies carrying out the boxes are separated from the stems by a clamping conveyor and a rotor placed in the tow chamber, on the periphery of which blades with slots or work elements are fixed, consisting of two blades converging at the time of clamping the tape and the boxes are torn off.

The essence of the working process of such devices is that the tops of the stems moved by the conveyor fall into the slot of one scapula or into the gap between two scapulae, during rotation of which the boxes located on both sides of the tape break, and the seed boxes inside it, together with stalks spread on the flax, forming loss of seeds. The amount of loss increases with increasing thickness of the tape. In fact, the density of the tapes is at least 35 stems per 1 cm of length, and the loss of seeds when harvesting flax in yellow ripeness by combines with such devices can reach more than 10%.

Closest to the technical nature of the claimed device is a device for separating seed bolls from stems used in a flax harvester (AS USSR No. 835344, class A01D 45/06, 1981, prototype), containing a clamping conveyor placed in a drum casing with blades fixed on its surface and an impeller mounted on one shaft with a drum, an air duct connecting the tow chamber with the hopper.

When separating the seed bolls from the stems with a known device, the flax stalks that are cut and formed into a tape by a 4-section pulling device are fed by a clamping conveyor into the tow chamber, where they fall into the slots of rotating blades, which, when the drum rotates, break off the seed boxes located on both sides of the tape and the bolls located inside it, remain on the stems, forming loss of seeds. In addition, a significant drawback of the known device is the clogging of scraps of stems of slots in the blades, which leads to disruption of the process.

The problem solved by this invention is to develop a device for separating seed bolls from the stems of a simple design, providing separation of the bolls from the stalks without loss of seeds and feeding the bolls into the hopper.

The technical result from the solution of the problem lies in the creation of optimal conditions for the separation of seed bolls from stems without loss of seeds and with a minimum content of impurities.

The object of the invention is solved by the fact that in the device for separating seed bolls from the stems, containing a towing chamber and an air duct connecting the chamber to the hopper, the camera is located above the top section in the area of stem stubbing and consists of two fixed casings in which at an angle to each other two synchronously rotating discs are located on the other side, on the inner surface of which the same number of scrapers are fixed, located opposite each other, and on the outer surface of the discs the blades are fixed.

In a chamber located above the top-lifting section in the zone of stalk pulling and consisting of two fixed casings, in which two synchronously rotating disks are located at an angle to each other, on the inner surface of which there are fixed the same number of scrapers located opposite each other, and on the outer surface of the disks the blades are fixed, the seed bolls are separated from the stems when the stems are formed into a thin tape, the thickness of which is no more than 1.2 stems per 1 mm. As a result, when exposed to the stems from two sides, scrapers separate all 100% of the seed boxes, which are picked up by the air stream and delivered to the hopper. In this case, since the boxes are separated without combing the tape, excluding the inclusion in the heap of whole stems and their fragments.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

In FIG. 1 shows a device for separating seed bolls from stems, front view; in FIG. 2 is the same, view A in FIG. one; in FIG. 3 is the same, section BB in FIG. one.

A device for separating seed bolls from stalks comprises a chamber located above the top-lifting section 1 in the zone of stalk pulling, consisting of two fixed casings 2, in which two synchronously rotating disks 3 are located at an angle to each other, on the inner surface of which the same number of scrapers 4 are fixed, located opposite each other, and on the outer surface of the disks 3 fixed blades 5 and the duct 6, connecting each of the casings 2 with the hopper 7.

A device for separating seed boxes from stems works as follows.

In the process of moving the combine harvester, its dividers bring the stems to two endless belts pressed to each other, forming a top-lifting section 1. At the time of clamping, moving and pulling the stems from the top-lifting section 1 of the stems from the soil, their tops with boxes located on them go into the chamber located above top-lifting section 1 in the zone of stalk pulling, between two fixed casings 2, in which two synchronously rotating disks 3 are located at an angle to each other, and are affected by scrapers 4, which when moving from bottom to top, they break off seed stalks from the stems and direct them by the air flow created by the blades 5 into the duct 6, through which they are delivered to the hopper 7.

Claims (1)

A device for separating the seed bolls from the stems, containing a towing chamber and an air duct connecting the chamber to the hopper, characterized in that the chamber is located above the top section in the area of stalk pulling and consists of two fixed casings, in which two synchronously rotating are located at an angle to each other disk, on the inner surface of which the same number of scrapers are fixed, which are located opposite each other, and on the outer surface of the disk blades are fixed.

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