RU2587705C1 - Method of fixing open sands in sites of weathering with high amplitude of oscillations of relief - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agriculture and can be used in adaptive development of arid areas in development of grass sowings on open sands. Method of fixing open sands in deflation sites with high amplitude of oscillations of relief involves planting works in open sands. Phytomeliorant used is leafless calligonum, which is planted on open versatile sands with high amplitude of oscillations of relief. Manual planting of calligonum seedlings 5.0 m (width) × 1.5 m (length) - 1333 pieces/hectare. Planting is carried out under protection of decomposition throughout length of landing mats of reeds or southern cane size 1.2 m × 6.0 m. On place of manual planting of calligonum, rolls thereof are created with diameter 10 cm, which enables to put one reed mat line length 70 m.

EFFECT: invention increases survival rate drift-sand plants (calligonum), to improve their development, as well as improving environmental situation of arid areas.

3 cl

Description

The invention relates to agriculture and can be used in the adaptive arrangement of arid territories when creating pasture agrocenoses on open sands.

A known method of fixing sand by planting large-sized seedlings of teresken using wings from reed slabs, which includes working on open sands using gray teresken as a sand-strengthening crop and sowing a barbed prostrate, Siberian grain, protected from falling asleep from the wings of teresken (patent RU 2053617 02.10.1996), which was adopted by us as the closest analogue.

The disadvantages of this invention are:

1. The use of reed slabs as side scenes, which leads to higher costs when conducting phyto-reclamation works;

2. Work is carried out in the destructive and accumulative areas of the deflation foci, ignoring the open sand dunes, which have a large amplitude of relief fluctuations.

3. The method involves both mechanized soil preparation - DT-75 plus Paraplau plow - PRB-4-35, and planting seedlings with a planter - MTZ-80 plus SLCH-1 with soil treatment to a depth of 35-40 cm - such a deep plowing can cause wind erosion in places of application of this method.

The tasks to be solved by the invention are aimed at increasing the survival rate of sand-strengthening plants (dzhuzguna) and their better development, as well as improving the ecological situation in arid territories.

These tasks are achieved by implementing the method of fixing open sands in the deflation foci with a large amplitude of relief fluctuations, including planting on open sands. Leafless juzgun is used as a phytomeliorant, which is planted on open sand dunes with a large amplitude of relief fluctuations. In this case, manual planting of seedlings or seedlings of juzgun 5.0 m (width) × 1.5 m (length) - 1333 pieces / ha, carried out under the protection of decomposition along the entire length of the planting of mats from reeds or Southern Reed of 1.2 m × 6.0 m, at the place of manual planting of dzhuzgun, rolls of 10 cm in diameter are created from them, which makes it possible to lay a string of 70 m long from one reed mat. Planting seedlings of dzhuzgun leafless is carried out in October and November, or in March and until mid-April, or December across the direction of erosion-hazardous winds of the southeast direction, i.e. the main orientation of the rows is north-south or along dune chains, across the main harmful wind rose with a row width of 25-30 m, planting depth of at least 40 cm. Coarse-grained planting material is used on shallow, medium-gravel and coarse-grained sands with a significant stock of transportable sand and increase the planting depth not less than 70-80 cm or more.

The proposed technological scheme provides for landing operations on medium and large-sand sands with the height of dune ridges, dunes, dune chains of 3-7 and more meters, with deep blowing basins, a difficult untractable terrain, the danger of overturning aggregates and forest planting machines.

The arrangement of ordinary defenses from reeds or Southern Reeds prevents the seedlings from entering the sand after planting, for the period of the beginning of vegetation and rooting, which contributes to the accumulation and preservation of moisture in the root habitat of the sand during the growing season. All this ultimately led to an increase in the survival rate of the juzgun and its better development.

Stacking of reeds or Southern Reeds contributes to the strong fixing of the roots of seedlings in the sand, which, in turn, determines the most effective fixing of sand. The arrangement of ordinary defenses from the reeds or Southern Reed serves as an effective protection against blowing and sanding seedlings both immediately after planting (safety 98.6 versus 78.2%) at the beginning of the growing season - May, and throughout the growing season.

Landing of dzhuzgun, carried out even on large moving dunes, quickly leads to the consolidation of the sand and the gradual laying of aisles.

Reclamation plantations of this type not only fix and protect the sands from deflation and at the same time increase the productivity of grass stands of adjacent pasture lands, but they themselves serve as a source of additional feed.

Claims (3)

1. A method of securing open sands in deflation foci with a large amplitude of relief of the relief, including planting on open sand, characterized in that as phytomeliorant they use leafless juzgun, which is planted on open sand dunes with a large amplitude of relief fluctuations, using manual planting seedlings or seedlings of juzgun 5.0 m (width) × 1.5 m (length) - 1333 pieces / ha, carried out under the protection of decomposition along the entire length of the planting of mats from reeds or reeds of the south with dimensions 1.2 m × 6.0 m on me those buckwheat manual planting of them create rolls 10 cm in diameter, which allows to lay out a reed mat line length of 70 m. 2. The method of fixing open sands according to claim 1 is characterized in that the seedlings of juzgun leafless are planted in October or November, or in March until mid-April, or in December. 3. The method of fixing open sands according to claim 1 is characterized in that the landing of the juzgun is carried out transversely to the direction of erosion-hazardous winds of the southeast direction, i.e. the main orientation of the rows is north-south or along sand chains, across the main harmful wind rose with a row width of 25-30 m, planting depth of at least 40 cm, coarse-grained planting material is used on shallow, medium-gravel and coarse-grained sands with a significant stock of transportable sand and increase the planting depth not less than 70-80 cm or more.