RU2576062C1 - AGRO-BIOLOGICAL METHOD OF PHYTOMELIORATION OF DEGRADED LANDS WITH USE OF CALLIGONUM CUTTINGS (Calligonum aphyllum) AND DEVICE OF ROLL WINDBREAK ROW - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: method comprises planting Calligonum aphyllum, Forage kochia and Siberian wheatgrass. And the large-sized cuttings of Calligonum aphyllum are planted along the axes of the belts. The treatment of soil-ground is carried out at a depth of 35-40 cm with belt width of 1.4 m, and the distance between the axes of belts is 5 m. After that, to protect the cuttings of Calligonum from the sand filling the roll windbreak rows are used, made of common reed-grass, laid on the soil surface along the rows of Calligonum and fixed from wind drift with wire pins.

EFFECT: method enables to increase the efficiency of phyto-reclamation works carried out with the use of roll windbreak rows of common reed-grass on open sandy areas.

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to methods of phytomelioration of desert lands in the Caspian lowland.

The best-known and approved solution to this problem is the phased planting of sandy oats, gray teresken and leafless juzgun, and under their protection crops of prostratus thistle, Siberian grain, and white wormwood (patent RU 2053617, 1996).

However, a significant drawback of this method of fixing sand compared to our proposed method is the rather low percentage of survival of plants due to falling asleep (burial) of their sand, or exposure of the root system and as a result of significant death of seedlings.

With this method, there is a big dependence on the wind regime in the planting season. Our proposed method substantially eliminates this disadvantage.

The tasks to which the invention is directed are the fight against desertification, anthropogenic degradation of pastures and the creation of mechanical barriers to the movement of sand.

EFFECT : increased efficiency of phytomeliorative works carried out using roll scenes from common reed (Phragmites communis) on open sand massifs.

A technical solution to the problem is achieved by the fact that the work is carried out on open sands using leafless dzhuzgun as a sand-strengthening culture, followed by sowing of the prostrate and Siberian wheatgrass under the protection of cane wings. Large-sized cuttings of dzhuzgun are planted with a planter along the axes of the tapes, then in order to protect the cuttings of the dzhuzgun leafless from falling asleep with sand, backstages are laid along the rows and secured by wire pins to prevent drift.

Disclosure of invention

Depending on the optimal time for winter work, soil preparation for planting juzgun seedlings is carried out in autumn in September-October. When performing work, the following technical parameters are observed: soil treatment is carried out to a depth of 35-40 cm with tapes 1.4 m wide, and the distance between the axes of the tapes is 5 m.

Further, in the same time frame, the following technological operations are carried out:

- Preparation of seedlings of dzhuzgun for planting. At the same time, trimming and trimming of the trunks at the base and processing of the lower internodes in a slurry-earthen slurry are carried out.

- Planting of the cuttings. For this technological operation, the following machines and assemblies are used: MT3-80 + SL4-1. Large-sized cuttings of juzgun are planted with a planter along the axes of the tapes. Further, in order to protect the seedlings of juzgun leafless from falling asleep with sand, roll-up wings are used, laid on the soil surface along the rows and secured from wire drift by wire pins.

Our proposed innovative use of cheap roll curtains made of ordinary reed will serve as a mechanical barrier to the wind, reduce wind speed, prevent sanding of planted plants, protect their root system and reduce the death of cuttings of juzgun. In the course of planting, workers level the cuttings, control a good incorporation into the soil, the work is done mechanically. To create pastures in subsequent years in areas protected from sand using the wings and dzhuzguna, it is planned to introduce arid fodder plants, which include in the herbaceous thistle and Siberian wheatgrass.

The economic effect (result) will be obtained due to:

- increase the survival rate of dzhuzgun seedlings from 40% to 75%;

- feed preserved on pastures adjacent to desertification foci as a result of protection against falling asleep with sand;

- sustainability of multicomponent pastures in comparison with degraded lands on which the process of overgrowing occurs naturally;

- additional livestock products obtained by increasing the productivity of forage land through agrobiological phytomelioration.

Claims (1)

A method of phytomelioration of degraded lands on open sand massifs, including planting leafless juzgun, prostratus barb, Siberian grain, characterized in that large-sized leafless juzgun cuttings are planted along the axes of the tapes, while the soil is treated at a depth of 35-40 cm with 1.4 m wide tapes , and the distance between the axes of the tapes is 5 m, after which, to protect the dzhuzgun seedlings from falling asleep with sand, roll curtains from ordinary reed are used, laid on the soil surface along rows of uzguna and fixed by wind drift wire pins.