CN105191703A

CN105191703A - Weeding method for eliminating weed seeds

Info

Publication number: CN105191703A
Application number: CN201410279658.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 沈攀攀
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2014-06-20
Filing date: 2014-06-20
Publication date: 2015-12-30

Abstract

The invention discloses a weeding method for eliminating weed seeds, and relates to the technology of preventing and killing off weeds in the cultivation process of paddy, wheat, barley and oilseed rapes. According to the method, the weed seeds which float on the water surface and are dispersed along with water flow are eliminated during irrigation period in the crop planting process through the methods of closure, net fishing, mechanical blowing and the like by means of the characteristic that the weed seeds float on the water surface, so that the scale of a farmland weed seed bank is greatly reduced, the occurrence number of the field weeds is greatly decreased, the weeds can even be eliminated completely, and the purpose of organic weed control is achieved. In addition, due to the decreasing of the cardinal number of the weeds in a short time, the chemical weeding frequency in the field and the dosage of herbicide can be reduced, and the weeding cost is lowered. The method is easy to operate, economical and feasible.

Description

A kind of herbicidal methods eliminating weed seed

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of herbicidal methods eliminating weed seed, be specifically related to a kind of method utilizing Ecological Measures prevention and control rice wheat continuous cropping field weeds.

Background technology

Along with people are to the growing interest of the ecological problem such as food security and environmental deterioration, in the practice of management weeds, people start the use gradually reducing chemical herbicide, consider that using other to control careless measure carrys out alternative chemical weed control, thus set up based on ecological rule, the harm that environment amenable weeds integrated management measure controls weeds more and more demonstrates important social effect and economic worth, and wherein the bionomic control of weeds occupies an important position in the integrated management of weeds.The bionomic control of weeds refers to the composition and dynamically the biology of fully research understanding weeds and ecological characteristics, weed community, and on the basis of " crop---weeds " ecosystem characteristic and effect, utilize the generation of the restriction weeds such as technology biological, farming, that cultivate or measure, growth and harm, safeguard and promote plant growth and high yield, and the practice of environmentally safe harmless control of weeds.

The scope that the bionomic control of weeds relates to or content very wide, say in a sense, physical measure, agricultural measures, biological method, weeds quarantine etc. can change the growing environment of weeds or change the Distribution Pattern of weeds brood body in soil, growth and harm, wherein have the content of the bionomic control category belonging to weeds.Soil provides natural protective barrier for farmland weed seed bank, and most weed seed can enter agricultural soil fauna and form huge seed bank after maturation.The weed seed retained in seed bank can cushion the careless measure of control to the selection pressure of weeds, makes weeds still can occurrence injury in next year.Weed seed planting modes on sink characteristic is the essence factor determining weeds in field occurrence injury in the future.Thus the Crop-weed Communities synthesis for particular type is needed, based on the inner link between weed community, explore a kind of new prophylactico-therapeutic measures, reduce the generation quantity of weeds in field Seed Rain, and stop the input of weed seed, exhaust weeds in field seed bank, reduce Soil loss tolerance scale, thus reach the object of the occurrence and harm of sustainable control weeds in field.

Summary of the invention

The invention provides a kind of ecological herbicidal methods, the method is used for paddy rice-wheat/rape continuous cropping field; Comprise the following steps: (1), after wheat or rape harvest, between the field preparatory stage before Rice Cropping, before first time pours water, arrange screen pack at the water inlet of field and delivery port, to carry out damming filtered water stream, weed a garden seed; (2) after pouring water, rotary tillage harrows a field row leaching field of advancing, and leaching keeps the water layer of face, field more than 10cm during field, to weed seed by wind waved or hair-dryer blow catch up with focus on Bian Huoyi angle, field time, pull the weed seed swimming in the water surface out; (3) after rotary tillage harrows a field, shelve to weed seed by wind waved or hair-dryer blow catch up with focus on Bian Huoyi angle, field time, pull the weed seed swimming in the water surface again out.

Meanwhile, during wheat or rapeseed cultivation, between planting season of paddy rice, adopt Routine Management method (as used chemical herbicide, take rice-duck farming to carry out weeds in field prevent and kill off).Take above-mentioned measure 3 years continuously, because constantly " disconnected source " and " damming " cause the exhaustion of seed bank, when weed density lower than Routine Management more than 50% time (weeds in field density is 65 strains/m ²below), chemical herbicide access times at least 1 time can be reduced; Until when seed bank exhausts that (weeds in field density is at 20 strains/m to more than 90% ²below), can, completely under damming and skimming situation, keep weeds under hazards identification.

Embodiment

Concrete implementation step is as follows: 1, during wheat or rapeseed cultivation, only use the weed control that a time chemical herbicide (or conveniently management method reduces the use of a chemical herbicide) carries out field; 2. after wheat or rape harvest, between the field preparatory stage before Rice Cropping, first time dams before pouring water, and namely at water inlet and the delivery port of field, erection screen pack, to carry out damming filtered water stream, removes external source weed seed; Filter screen can select nylon wire, stainless steel cloth or wire netting, and the aperture of filter screen is 50 ~ 150 orders; 3, after pouring water, rotary tillage harrows a field, and advance is capable soaks field, keeps the water layer more than 2 days of face, field more than 10cm during leaching field; 4, during the water conservation of field leaching field, under natural wind action or use backpack mist sprayer to blow to catch up with or use giant to blow and catch up with the weed seed of floating on water to limit, field (machinery blows and catches up with method), or weed seed is caught up with while manually pull out (net drags for method) by use nylon wire; 5, after rotary tillage harrows a field, use machinery to blow again catch up with or the net method of dragging for pulls the weed seed of the water surface out, or shelve and pull out when weed seed is brushed focus on Bian Huoyi angle, field by natural wind; Machinery can be increased if desired blow and catch up with or number of times that net drags for and time; 6, make regular check on the situation of filter screen, tamper should be removed immediately if any blocking, filter screen should be changed immediately if any breakage; 7, between Period of paddy planting, use only use chemical herbicide (or conveniently management method reduces the use of a chemical herbicide) to carry out the weed control in field, or do not use chemical herbicide prevent and kill off weeds in field and use rice-duck farming to prevent and kill off weeds in field; 8, after adopting above-mentioned measure continuously, when weeds in field density is down to 65 strain/below m2, between each planting season, only a chemical herbicide is used; 9, when weeds in field density is down to 20 strain/below m2, between planting season, no longer chemical herbicide can be adopted.

Claims

1. eliminate the herbicidal methods of weed seed for one kind, it is characterized in that: described ecological herbicidal methods comprises the following steps: before (1) pours water for the first time, arrange screen pack at the water inlet of field and delivery port, to carry out damming filtered water stream, weed a garden seed; (2) after pouring water, rotary tillage harrows a field row leaching field of advancing, and leaching keeps the water layer of face, field more than 10cm during field, is blown to catch up with to focus on limit, field to weed seed by wind waved or hair-dryer, pulls the weed seed swimming in the water surface out; (3) after rotary tillage harrows a field, shelve to be blown to catch up with by wind waved or hair-dryer to weed seed and focus on limit, field, pull the weed seed swimming in the water surface again out.

2. herbicidal methods according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described ecological herbicidal methods is further comprising the steps of: between the planting season of wheat or rape, adopt chemical herbicide to carry out; Between the planting season of paddy rice, adopt chemical weed control to carry out weeds in field and prevent and kill off.

3. herbicidal methods according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: when weeds in field density is at 20 strains/m ²to 65 strains/m ²between time, between the planting season of wheat or rape, only use chemical herbicide 1 time, between the planting season of paddy rice, only use chemical herbicide 1 time; When weeds in field density is at 20 strains/m ²time following, chemical herbicide measure can be carried out.