RU2571800C2 - Method of sowing sugar beet - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: method of sowing sugar beet comprises the band sowing seeds according to the scheme 15+45 cm. The seeds are sown in a staggered manner by 1/2 of the distance between the seeds in a row relative to each other in two adjacent rows by installing sowing discs with an angular offset of one disc relative to the other on the sowing section of the drill.

EFFECT: optimisation of the feeding area of sugar beet.

4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of mechanization of agricultural production, in particular to methods that allow the sowing of pelleted seeds of factory sugar beets with mechanical precision seeders.

Known dotted method of sowing, characterized in that the rows are placed one from another at a distance of 45 ... 90 cm, and the seeds in a row are placed at the same distance from one another [1].

A tape method of sowing is also known, characterized in that several rows, called stitches, are combined into a tape [1].

There is also known a method of growing clone stocks in the uterine field of the nursery, including the following planting scheme. Plants are planted with ribbons. In ribbons in two rows. The distance between the rows in the tape is 30 cm. The landing pattern is two-line 30 + 110 cm [6].

An increase in the number of plants in the uterine field of the nursery allows increasing the yield of layering by at least two times.

Reducing the row spacing allows you to increase the yield of plants.

The disadvantage of these methods is the extension of the nutritional area, the random arrangement of seeds relative to each other in two adjacent rows, which leads to a decrease in the yield of marketable products per unit area [2, 3, 4, 5].

The disadvantages include the elongated feeding area, the random arrangement of seeds in two adjacent rows, which leads to a decrease in the yield of root crops.

Closest to the proposed method is a method involving wide-row sowing of sugar beet seeds with a row spacing of 45 cm with a mechanical seeder SST-12B [1 - prototype].

The aim of this invention is to increase the yield of root crops per unit area.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the seeds are sown with a ribbon method according to the scheme 15 + 45 cm in a checkerboard pattern for 1/2 the distance between the seeds in a row relative to each other in two adjacent rows due to the installation of seed discs with an angular displacement of one disc relative to the other on the sowing section seeders. This placement allows you to optimize the nutritional area of beet plants and increase the density of their standing, which ultimately leads to an increase in the yield of root crops.

The device with which it is proposed to implement this method is illustrated by the attached drawings, where:

FIG. 1 - sowing pattern;

FIG. 2 is a diagram of the nutritional area of sugar beet plants;

FIG. 3 is a diagram of a seeder section;

FIG. 4 is a diagram of a metering apparatus.

The proposed device is made on the basis of a mechanical precision beet seeder SST-12B, each sowing section of which consists of a sowing apparatus 1, consisting of two disks 4, a copying roller 2, a seed box 3, two seed coulters 5, a loop 6. For mechanizing the process sowing seeds of sugar beets, for example, you can use the mechanical beet seeder precision seed SST-12B. The design of the sowing apparatus allows the tape method according to the scheme 15 + 45 cm in a checkerboard pattern for 1/2 the distance between the seeds in the row relative to each other in two adjacent rows due to the installation of seed discs with an angular displacement of one disc relative to the other on the sowing section of the seeder.

In the process, the supporting-drive wheels by means of a drive mechanism rotate the discs of seed machines. Seeds from the cells of the sowing disk fall on the compacted bottom of the furrow cut by the coulter. The moment of seed loss is set by displacing one of the disks relative to the other by a predetermined amount. The closing working bodies fill the seeds with soil and compact it over the furrows. The depth of seed placement is regulated by changing the position of the packer roller of the sowing section relative to the coulter by changing the length of the thrust of the adjusting mechanism.

The application of this method will optimize the nutritional area of beet plants, increase the density of their standing per unit area, thereby increasing the yield of root crops.

There are other possible devices for implementing this method.

Information sources

1. Khalansky, V.M. Agreecultural machines. Agreecultural equipment. / V.M. Khalansky, I.V. Gorbachev. - M.: KolosS, 2004 .-- 624 s: ill. - (Textbooks and study guides for students of higher educational institutions).

2. Zenin, L.S. Choice of row spacing and sowing patterns. / L.S. Zenin // Sugar beet. - 2008. - No. 3. - S. 24.

3. Nanaenko, A.K. Selection and justification of sugar beet planting patterns. / A.K. Nanaenko, V.Yu. Zabugin // Sugar beet. - 2006. - No. 2. - S. 8-11.

4. Nanaenko, A.K. A systematic approach to the development of new technologies in beet farming. / A.K. Nanaenko // Sugar beet. - 2011. - No. 3. - S. 18-19.

5. Nikitin, A.F. Row spacing and root crop productivity. / A.F. Nikitin, A.M. Parfyonov // Sugar beet. - 2008. - No. 10. - S. 30-32.

6. A method of growing clone stocks in the nursery uterine field [Text]: US Pat. 2032313, Ros. Federation, IPC ⁵¹ , Manaenkov A.N., Gorshenin V.I., Zasypkin A.D., Alekhin S.D .; patent holder MichGAU. - No. 4926703/15; declared 03/03/1991; publ. 04/10/1995, Bull. No. 10.

Claims (1)

A method of sowing sugar beets, including tape sowing of seeds according to the scheme of 15 + 45 cm, characterized in that to optimize the feeding area, the seeds are sown in a checkerboard pattern 1/2 the distance between the seeds in a row relative to each other in two adjacent rows due to the installation of sowing discs with the angular displacement of one disk relative to another on the seeded section of the seeder.

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