RU189415U1 - Device for planting seeds in capsules for mini-agricultural machinery - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to small-sized agricultural machinery, in particular, to devices for planting vegetable seeds in capsules as a mounted aggregate of a motor-block. The device contains an elevator conveyor with spoons, a vertical channel, a bunker with an adjustable damper, a coulter section, a drive mechanism and a hinge, the spoons on the elevator conveyor are arranged in two rows in a staggered manner; the vertical channel is divided by a partition into two parts from the movement of the descending branch of the conveyor and the coulter section contains two single-disk coulters with restrictive flanges and zagortach. The proposed design allows you to evenly distribute the capsules on the length of the row and to the required depth by the tape method in two rows due to the separation of the capsules in the descending branch of the conveyor into two parts and their direction into the grooves formed by single plate openers with restrictive ribs.

Description

The invention relates to small-sized agricultural machinery, in particular, to devices for planting vegetable seeds in capsules as a mounted aggregate of a motor-block.

The application of organic fertilizers containing basic elements (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium) and trace elements necessary for plant growth improves the dynamics of biological processes in the soil. The greatest effect is achieved when local fertilization in the zone of development of the root system of plants in the process of sowing.

Therefore, it is advisable to introduce a new seed in the form of capsules made by pressing and containing in certain proportions: cattle manure, bird droppings, peat, etc., in quantities and nutritional value necessary for the normal development of plants in specific soil conditions. Encapsulation of seeds allows you to protect them from low temperatures, to stimulate the growth and development of plants. Sowing such seeds can be carried out at an earlier date, which contributes to higher yields and earlier ripening of plants.

However, there are currently no specialized machines for sowing capsulated seeds. There are separate developments of the sowing apparatus for sowing seeds in capsules (Patent No. 2475012 of the Russian Federation, IPC А01С 07/04. A device for planting seeds in capsules. / Tyrnov Yu.A., etc.). These developments are aimed at improving the process of sowing maize, through the use of encapsulated seeds and the use of high-performance machines (Strygin SP. Improvement of sowing of encapsulated corn seeds with the development of a sowing apparatus: auto-ref. Dis. ... Candidate of Technical Sciences).

Devices for planting capsulated vegetable seeds: carrots, table beet, cabbage, cucumbers, etc. At the present time there are no dotted or ribbon methods on small contour plots with the use of a motor-block.

Since it is advisable to make capsules with a diameter of 20 to 60 mm, depending on the seeds of the sowed culture and the amount of nutrients in the capsule, it is possible to plant the encapsulated seeds into the soil by upgrading the potato planter for the motoblock.

A sufficiently large number of potato planters have been developed for work, both in the aggregate with tractors (Khalansky V.M., Gorbachev I.V. Agricultural machines. - M .: KolossS, 2006. - p. 178-188), and with motor-blocks for small contour fields (Doroshenko E. Potato planter for motoblock: popular models, device, features of choice [electronic resource] - URL: https://hassechief.ru, Grigoriev A.А., V. А. Ruzhev, А.П. Kartoshkin. Project improvements in the design of the potato planter for the motoblock // Bulletin of the Student Scientific Society of St. Petersburg State University of Architecture, 2017, No. 8, issue 2. - P. 7-10). They reliably carry out the process of planting potatoes and provide the necessary quality. But for the planting of encapsulated seeds in the soil, a number of design changes are required, since the planting of vegetable seeds has its own characteristics.

Of the known developments, the KS-1 potato planter (Kartofelesazhalka for MTZ motoblocks Belarus Agros, Belarus ... [electronic resource] - www.gardenstock.Ru), consisting of a bunker, conveyor-spoon apparatus, opener, priming disks, mechanism drive and hinge. The bunker is equipped with a damper to regulate the thickness of the tubers entering the feeding bucket. The conveyor-spoon sowing apparatus is composed of an endless belt and spoons attached to it. The descending branch of the conveyor moves in a vertical channel, which prevents premature loss of tubers from the spoons. The elevator conveyor is driven by a drive sprocket located on the shaft of the elevator conveyor.

The disadvantage of this planter is not the provision of planting by the belt method, which is widely used when sowing vegetable seeds (Strygin SP. Improving the sowing of encapsulated corn seeds with the development of a sowing apparatus: author. Dis. Cand. Technical Sciences). In addition, the coulter does not provide a smooth furrow, especially on heavy soils and the required planting depth for different crops.

The task is to develop a device for planting capsulated vegetable seeds in a tape or dotted manner on small contour plots using a motoblock.

The task is achieved by the fact that, in a device for planting seeds in capsules for mini-agricultural machinery, containing an elevator conveyor with spoons, a vertical channel, a bunker with an adjustable damper, a coulter section, a drive mechanism and a hitch, the spoons on the elevator conveyor are arranged in two rows in a staggered manner , the vertical channel on the movement side of the descending branch of the conveyor is divided by a partition into two parts, and the coulter section contains two single-disk coulters with restrictive flanges and zagortach.

The utility model is illustrated by drawings, where in FIG. 1 shows a device for planting seeds in capsules, side view; in fig. 2 shows a top view of the device in FIG. 3 - coulter section, top view.

The device for planting seeds in capsules contains an elevator conveyor 1, on which spoons 2, a vertical channel 3, a bunker 4, an adjustable valve 5, an opener section 6, a lock-up 7, a drive mechanism 8 and a hinge 9 are mounted. The spoons 2 are installed in two rows in a checkerboard order on the elevator conveyor 1, which is located in the vertical channel 3, and the channel, from the movement of the descending branch of the conveyor is divided by a partition 10 into two parts to ensure the direction of the capsules in two grooves. Elevator conveyor 1 is driven by a drum 8, located on the shaft 11 of the support wheels 12. The opener section 6 is equipped with two single-disk openers 13 with limiting rims 14 and ensures the fit of the capsules in two lines. The coulters 13 are attached to the sector 15 with brackets 16. The coulters 13 can be installed from one another at a certain distance (the distance between the lines), depending on the vegetable crop. To do this, rearrange the mounting of the brackets 16 to other holes in sector 15. The ribs 14 on the disks 13 can be changed, thereby providing the necessary depth of the granules. Behind the coulter section, zagorachas 17 are installed to seal the capsules with soil.

One-line section can be installed on the device, embedding the capsules in one row.

The device works as follows. When the capsule moves from the bunker 4 through the open window formed by the adjustable damper 5, it goes to the elevator 1. The spoons 2 take the capsules and transport them upwards along the vertical channel 3. The descending branch of the conveyor 1 moves in channel 3, divided by a partition into two parts, each from which it moves in a row of spoons 2. At the moment of bending around the lower drum 8 by the conveyor 1, the capsules are separated from the spoons 2 and fall into two grooves opened by the vomer section 6. The partition 10 accompanies the capsules to the place of the fall into the furrows ki Following behind, zagortach 17 fall asleep furrow loose soil.

The proposed design allows you to evenly distribute the capsules on the length of the row and to the required depth by the tape method in two rows due to the separation of the capsules in the descending branch of the conveyor into two parts and their direction into the grooves formed by single plate openers with restrictive ribs.

Claims (1)

Device for planting seeds in capsules for mini-agricultural machinery, containing an elevator conveyor with spoons, a vertical channel, a bunker with an adjustable damper, an opener section, a drive mechanism and a hinge, characterized in that the spoons on the elevator conveyor are arranged in two rows in a staggered manner, the vertical channel with The downstream branch of the conveyor is divided by a partition into two parts, and the coulter section contains two single-disk openers with restrictive flanges and zagortach.

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