RU2552429C1 - Method of harvesting grain crops - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: method of harvesting grain crops with the separation of grain from the ear at the facility of stationary treatment comprises combing 1 of the ear part of plants, loading 2 of the combed ears in a container to the replaceable vehicle passing nearby, delivery 3 of the combed ears to the facility of stationary treatment and separation 7 of the grain from the combed ears. For separation 7 of the grain from the combed ears the latter are loaded 4 into the container with grid walls and covered with the grid lid. The container is placed 5 in a sealed chamber, and vacuum is created 6 in it for separating grain. The ear setae with the chaff remaining in the container after the separation of the grains from the combed ears, separated under the action of vacuum, are directed 11 to the screw press, pressed 12 and packaged 13 in a plastic bag.

EFFECT: method of harvesting grain crops with the separation of grain from the ear at the facility of stationary treatment reduces grain damage.

2 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of agriculture and can be used for harvesting crops with tow with the separation of grain from the ear at the stationary processing point.

There is a known method of harvesting grain crops, cleaning a heavy pile and means for its implementation (see patent RU No. 2378820, IPC A01D 91/04, A01D 41/08, published January 20, 2010), which includes separating the plants from the stems by towing, mopping with a wipe with the allocation of a heap of fine-grained fraction to obtain an incredible heap with subsequent transportation of the heap from the field to the heap cleaner.

The main disadvantage of this method is that when the plants are ground by wiping, they are injured.

There is also known a method of harvesting grain crops and testes of herbs (see copyright certificate SU No. 1516055, IPC A01D 91/04, published October 10, 1989), which includes collecting the spike of plants by combing, loading the combed spike of plants into a removable trailer, transportation to the hospital, separation of the spike of plants with the release of free grain, threshing of the spike of plants in the thresher of the combine, the selection of the floor together with the apical part of the straw, grinding in the grinder of the combine, storage of the ground sex of owls locally with the apical part of the straw by feeding it into the space bounded by a U-shaped wall, which is expanded as the floor is fed.

The main disadvantage of this method is that when threshing the ear of plants in the thresher of the combine, the grain experiences shock loads and is injured.

The purpose of the invention:

1. Reduce grain injury.

2. To increase the completeness of separation of grain from the ear.

3. Reduce the time to separate the grain from the ear with increased productivity.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in order to separate the grain from the combed ears, the ears are loaded into the container with trellised walls and closed with a trellised lid, the container is placed in a sealed chamber and a vacuum is created in it, while the ears of spikes remaining in the container after separating the grain from the combed ears together with the sexual , separated by vacuum, sent to a screw press, pressed and packaged in a plastic bag.

In a sealed chamber create a pulsating effect of vacuum on the combed ears.

Thus, the claimed "method of harvesting crops" meets the criterion of "Novelty."

Signs that distinguish the claimed technical solution from the prototype, in other technical solutions in this area are not identified, which allows us to conclude that the claimed "method of harvesting crops" meets the criterion of "significant differences".

The figure shows a diagram of the implementation of the method.

The method of harvesting crops includes: combing 1 ear of plants, loading 2 combed ears into a nearby adjacent vehicle, delivering 3 combed ears to a stationary processing point, loading 4 combed ears into a container with trellised walls and trellised lid, placing 5 containers in airtight chamber, creating 6 vacuum in the airtight chamber, separating 7 grains from the ears together with the sexual one, isolating 8 grains, isolating 9 sexes, removing 10 containers from the airtight chamber, feeding 11 Screw presses ears awns and chaff, pressing awns ears 12 and chaff, packing 13 in a plastics bag.

The method of harvesting grain crops is carried out as follows: for example, a combing header, aggregated with energy, combes 1 ear of plants and using a pneumatic conveying system loads 2 combed ears into a container of a nearby replacement vehicle, which delivers 3 combed ears to a stationary processing station, 4 ears in a container with lattice walls and close the lattice lid, place 5 container in an airtight chamber and create 6 vacuum in it.

Under vacuum, the grain, as well as part of the spikelet scales (floor), separated 8, 9 from the ears, are taken out of the sealed chamber and sent to the separator by air flow, where the floor is separated 9 from the grain.

The cell size of the lattice walls and the trellis lid of the container does not allow the ears to come out, while the grain passes unhindered through the cells under vacuum.

The spikes spikes separated from the grain along with the container are removed 10 from the sealed chamber and fed 11 to the screw press, pressed 12 and packed 13 in a plastic bag.

Due to the pulsating effect of vacuum on the combed ears in the sealed chamber, the separation of grain from the combed ears is improved, since the ears are mixed, periodically pressing against the lattice walls and the trellised lid of the container.

This allows:

1. Reduce grain injury.

2. To increase the completeness of separation of grain from the ear.

3. Reduce the time to separate the grain from the ear with increased productivity.

Claims (2)

1. A method of harvesting crops, including combing the ears of plants, loading the combed ears into the tank of a nearby replacement vehicle, delivering the harvested ears to the stationary treatment point, separating the grain from the combed ears, characterized in that the ears are loaded to separate the grain from the combed ears. in a container with lattice walls and close with a lattice lid, place the container in a sealed chamber and create a vacuum in it, while remaining in the container after separating the grain from Ches spine ears ears with sex, breakaway under vacuum, fed to the screw press, compressed and packed in a plastics bag. 2. The method of harvesting crops according to claim 1, characterized in that in a sealed chamber create a pulsating effect of vacuum on the combed ears.