RU139848U1 - COMBINE HARVESTER - Google Patents

Abstract

Combine harvester including header, inclined chamber and threshing receiving chamber, accelerator and threshing drums, grain silo with elevator and unloading auger, undercarriage, characterized in that the grain silo is equipped with a partition separating the threshing silo receiving chamber and the grain silo into two compartment for separate collection of untrained grain after the accelerating drum and crushed with microdamages after the threshing drum, while the threshing chamber with non-injured grain has linen elevator for feeding grain into the appropriate compartment of the hopper separately from the injured.

Description

The utility model relates to agricultural engineering and can be used in the construction of combine harvesters, in devices for harvesting.

A known design of a combine harvester, including a header, an inclined chamber, a threshing drum, a grain hopper with a discharge screw, a running gear (see A.N. Karpenko, A.A. Zelenov, V.M. Khalansky. Agricultural machines. - M. : “Kolos”, 1975. - S. 265), in which, grain is collected in a hopper and, as it is filled, unloaded into a vehicle, and the non-grain part (straw, floor) is collected for feed or chopped (straw) and scattered across the field for fertilizer.

A disadvantage of the known combine is that it allows high microdamage and crushing of grain. The fact is that “the seeds of grain crops ripen unevenly, not only on different plants, but also on one plant. First, the grains ripen in the middle part, then in the upper and lower parts of the ear ”(see ibid., P. 246). Loosely bound grains fall out of the ears even when they collide with the wind; tightly bound grains require tens of times more force to thresh. The threshing drum for separating grain from the spike leads to its significant damage due to impact threshing methods. Microdamages are especially great, “often reaching 50%, which, in addition to reducing the commercial quality of grain, leads to a sharp drop in field germination” (see ibid., P. 247) and, accordingly, to a decrease in yield.

Another major drawback of the known combine harvester is that the grain that has already been released by the working bodies of the header, the conveyor of the inclined chamber (and these are mainly large valuable seeds) again enter the threshing drum and are unnecessarily injured in order to be cleaned and then to hopper for grain. This drawback is partially eliminated by a foreign combine company Klaas (Germany), for example, Lexion 570 and others, adopted by the authors as a prototype (see Technologies for harvesting grain crops using advanced technology. Recommendations. - Krasnodar, 2011. - P. 32), which includes a header, an inclined chamber, a receiving chamber of a thresher, a threshing drum, a grain hopper with an elevator and an unloading screw, and a running gear. A distinctive feature of the designs of the prototype lies in the schemes of threshing and separating devices. In them, for preliminary threshing, a rotary accelerator is installed in front of the main threshing apparatus. The accelerator provides preliminary separation of grain threshed by the working bodies of the header and the inclined chamber, as well as increasing the speed of the grain mass when it is fed to the threshing machine. Thus, approximately UZ of the total volume of incoming grain no longer passes through the threshing drum, which reduces the amount of microdamage and grain crushing, which is very beneficial. However, the disadvantage of the prototype is that the grain extracted from the ears sparing mode without injury, again enters the total mass for cleaning and after cleaning in the hopper for subsequent unloading in the vehicle. In this regard, additional work on current will again be required to isolate crushed and damaged grain from valuable, non-injured. The latter is better stored, has a higher quality, and which is very important increases germination when used on seeds.

The technical result of the proposed utility model is to reduce the trauma of grain, increase its quality, as well as increase the productivity of the combine when cleaning grain on the current.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in a combine harvester, including a header, an inclined chamber and a receiving chamber of a thresher, an accelerator and a threshing drum, a grain hopper with an elevator and an unloading screw, a chassis, a grain hopper is equipped with a partition separating the receiving chamber of the thresher and the hopper for grain into two compartments for the separate collection of non-injured grain after the accelerating drum and crushed, as well as with microdamages after the threshing drum, while the threshing chamber compartment has no injuries Rowan also provided grain elevator to grain supply in its bay hopper separately from the injured.

The novelty of the proposed technical solution is that the bunker of the combine is equipped with a partition dividing it into two compartments for separate collection of non-injured grain, as well as crushed and with microdamages.

These signs are new, non-obvious, industrially feasible and aimed at achieving the task performed by the utility model.

The technical essence of the proposed solution is illustrated by graphic material.

In FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a combine harvester - side view.

The combine harvester contains a cabin 1, a header 2, an inclined chamber 3 and a receiving chamber 4 of the thresher, accelerator 5 and threshing 6 drums, a hopper 7 for grain with an elevator 8 and an unloading screw 9, a running gear 10. The hopper 7 of the grain is equipped with a partition 11 separating the receiving the threshing chamber 4 and the grain hopper 7 into two compartments 12 and 13 for separate collection of non-injured grain after the accelerator drum 5 and grain crushed with microdamages after the threshing drum 6, while the threshing chamber compartment 12 with non-injured grain is also equipped with an elevator 14 for feeding grain separately from the injured to the left side of the hopper 7, and from it through the discharge screw 15 into the vehicle.

Combine harvester operates as follows. When the harvester moves across the field, the header 2 mows the stalks of grain crops and feeds them to the inclined chamber 3, and the latter - to the receiving chamber 4 of the thresher and then to the accelerator drum 5. The accelerator drum 5 in soft mode moves the grain mass into the area of the threshing drum 6. When This untrained grain after the accelerator 5 drum is separated into the compartment 12 of the chamber 4 of the thresher and then using the elevator 14 to the left of the hopper 7. As the hopper 7 is filled, the grain is unloaded with the unloading auger 15 into the vehicle and transported to current. The harvester relies on the chassis 10 when moving.

The grain threshed with a threshing drum 6 is separated by an elevator 8 and transferred to the right side of the hopper 7, to the compartment 13. After filling the compartment 13, the grain is unloaded into the vehicle through the discharge screw 9 and transported by current.

Claims (1)

Combine harvester including header, inclined chamber and threshing receiving chamber, accelerator and threshing drums, grain silo with elevator and unloading auger, undercarriage, characterized in that the grain silo is equipped with a partition separating the threshing silo receiving chamber and the grain silo into two compartment for separate collection of untrained grain after the accelerator drum and crushed with microdamages after the threshing drum, while the compartment of the threshing chamber with non-injured grain has linen elevator for feeding grain into the corresponding compartment of the hopper separately from the injured one.

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