RU2551103C1 - Method of processing small-sized wood raw material to bearing-enclosing elements of two-sided assembly wall beam - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: woodworking industry.

SUBSTANCE: for obtaining bearing-enclosing elements of two-sided assembly wall beam the log roundup is carried out, then two parallel planes are created, and two-sided beam is divided by longitudinal sawing into two equal three-edge cants. Before the log roundup its debarking is carried out by removing the bark. The performs are separated from the rounded log by sawing for production of finishing boards. Along with the division of two-sided beam the longitudinal through grooves of semicircular cross section are made on bearing planes of the three-edge cants. Obtaining the three-edge cants provides a two-stage division of two-sided beam simultaneously on both sides to a depth sufficient to relieve internal stresses during drying, but with the possibility of leaving the jumper. The jumper enables to save the cross-sectional shape of two-sided beam for transportation. Final separation of the beams is carried out by the longitudinal sawing the jumper at the place of the assembly of wall beam. The chips and sawdust are collected in a separate hopper and shipped to the companies of pulp and paper production.

EFFECT: increased output of solid industrial wood, chips and bark.

1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to methods and technologies for processing non-barked fine wood raw materials in order to obtain non-fencing elements (NOE) in the form of a three-edged beam and bulk waste, suitable for pulp and paper production (pulp and paper), and can be used at woodworking and construction enterprises industry.

There are various methods of processing non-rooted fine-grained raw materials, in particular on technological chips for pulp and paper industry [Valshchikov N.M. Fatal cars. - M .: Forest. industry. 1980, 96 pp.]. Processing according to this method is carried out by debarking of fine wood on debarking machines and its further grinding by chipping machines on chips for pulp and paper industry.

The disadvantage is that large volumes of coniferous wood of valuable Siberian species, such as cedar and larch, are crushed into wood chips, becoming more and more in demand in housing because of their unique properties.

Close to the proposed is a method of processing wood raw materials into parts for wooden housing [Kovalchuk L.M. Manufacture of glued wooden structures. 2nd ed., Revised. and add. - M .: Forest. industry, 1987, 247 pp.], which consists in obtaining a rounded log by milling.

The disadvantage of this method is its focus on the production of rounded timber only from raw materials of medium and large diameter, which is becoming increasingly scarce and, accordingly, more expensive.

In recent years, the construction industry has begun to actively use three-layer wall structures of residential buildings, such as, for example, “A beam for assembling a wooden log house” [RU 77885 U1, publ. 11/10/2008. Bull. No. 31], in which the NOE are connected to each other by wooden jumpers, and the space between the elements and jumpers is filled with filler, and in this design the width of the beam is greater than its height. This design of the beam allows the use of fine-sized imported coniferous raw materials and local environmentally friendly fillers. And the use of different types of wood in one structure, for example, larch on the outside and cedar on the inside, gives additional environmental benefits to houses built from timber of this design, and also reduces the cost of their construction.

Closest to the proposed is the "Method of processing fine wood raw materials for supporting and enclosing elements of a two-edged precast wall timber" [Application 2008123621/03, 10.06.2008. Publ. December 20, 2009], which includes cylindering the log, then milling two parallel planes and dividing the resulting two-edged beam into two identical three-edged logs by longitudinal sawing.

The disadvantage of this method is that the operations of giving the wood raw material a cylinder shape are subjected to fine grades without preliminary debarking, which leads to wood chips with a high bark content. For the separation of this mixture into components (crushed wood and bark) additional equipment is required, and this leads to a rise in the cost of production. In addition, giving the original log without its debarking the shape of a cylinder leads to a rapid blunting of the milling cutters of the cylinder machine and, consequently, to a decrease in productivity associated with the replacement of knives on the milling heads. Important disadvantages include the fact that when processing the assortment on NOE in the form of solid wood, only two-edged timber is presented, and the rest is chopped wood. And it should be especially noted that when NOE is dried, cracks will appear on the outside, as a result of the removal of internal stresses in the wood due to the absence of compensation grooves. It is also known that due to the large transportation distances of larch and cedar (for example, in the Moscow Region from Eastern Siberia), their prices rise sharply. Less than all types of products are subject to deformation of dry two-edged beams.

The technical problem solved by the invention is to obtain a NOE two-edged precast wall timber with improved characteristics from fine wood raw materials with a maximum yield of solid commercial wood, wood chips for pulp and paper and bark.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the method of processing fine wood raw materials on the NOE of a two-edged precast wall beam, including rounding the log, then creating two parallel planes and dividing the two-edged beam by longitudinal sawing into two identical three-edged beams, according to the claims, before debriding the log, it is debarked by removal of the bark, and from the logs by sawing are separated workpieces for the production of finishing boards, while simultaneously with the separation of two Antenna beams make longitudinal through grooves of a semicircular cross-section on the bearing planes of three-edged beams, while obtaining three-edged beams involves two-stage division of a two-edged bead simultaneously from both sides to a depth sufficient to relieve internal stresses during drying, but with the possibility of leaving a jumper in order to preserve the cross-sectional shape two-edged timber for transportation, and the final separation of the timber by longitudinally sawing the lintel at the assembly site of the wall timber. The invention is illustrated by the scheme, which presents the procedure for processing non-barked wood raw materials.

The order of operations is numbered:

A - non-bark fine wood raw materials;

1 - ham;

2 - cylindering;

3 - separation of blanks for the production of finishing boards;

4 - cutting of longitudinal through grooves and longitudinal sawing:

4-a - cutting longitudinal through grooves and compensation grooves,

4-in - sawing jumper;

B - NOE of two-edged precast wall timber.

The operation of this method is as follows.

The feedstock in the form of non-rooted fine wood A is subjected to debarking operation 1 by removing the bark and draining it into a separate hopper. Further, the shape of the cylinder 2 is attached to the barked raw material, from which the blanks for cutting board production are separated by sawing and the appearance of a two-edged beam 3 with two parallel surfaces is given. And then a two-edged beam by two-stage longitudinal sawing 4 is divided into two identical three-edged beams with simultaneous cutting of longitudinal through grooves of a semicircular section: 4-a - cutting of longitudinal through grooves and compensation grooves with a jumper to relieve internal stresses and eliminate deformation during drying, as well as for convenience of transportation in the form of a two-edged beam; 4-c - sawing of a jumper of a two-edged beam at the construction site in order to obtain a NOE of a two-edged prefabricated wall beam B. Schep and sawdust are collected in a separate bunker and shipped to the pulp and paper industry, and the workpieces are transferred to the workshop for the production of a block house. Assembling the beam is the final stage and is carried out in accordance with the project of the future home.

The advantage of the proposed method is the manufacture of a wall beam with improved characteristics in the factory from fine-grained raw materials with a large yield of whole wood and a decrease in the cost of raw materials, which leads to a decrease in the cost and time of construction, environmental improvement in the house.

Claims (1)

A method of processing fine wood raw material into non-essential elements of a two-edged prefabricated wall beam, including cylindering of a log, then creating two parallel planes and dividing a two-edged beam by longitudinal sawing into two identical three-edged beams, characterized in that it is debarked before removing the log from bark and removing billets for sawing board are separated by sawing logs, while simultaneously with the separation of the two-edged timber through grooves of a semicircular cross-section on the bearing planes of three-edged beams, while obtaining three-edged beams involves a two-stage division of a two-edged beam simultaneously from both sides to a depth sufficient to relieve internal stresses during drying, but with the possibility of leaving a jumper in order to maintain the cross-sectional shape of a two-edged beam transportation, and the final separation of the beam by longitudinally sawing the lintel at the site of assembly of the wall beam, while the chips and sawdust are collected in the department ln bunker and shipped to the pulp and paper industry.

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