RU2534758C1 - Transresistive amplifier with paraphase input to convert signals of avalanche photodiodes - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: radio engineering, communication.

SUBSTANCE: device contains the first (1) and the second (2) current outputs, the first (3) and the second (4) input transistors with common bases, the first (5) and the second (6) auxiliary transistors, whose bases are connected to auxiliary voltage source (7). Emitters are connected to the first (8) power source bus via corresponding the first (9) and the second (10) current-stabilising two-poles, and collectors are connected to the corresponding emitters of the first (3) and the second (4) input transistors, the third (11) current-stabilising two-pole, connected between the bus of the second (12) power source and collector of the first (3) input transistor, the fourth (13) current-stabilising two-pole is connected between the bus of the second (12) power source and collector of the second (4) input transistor, the first (14) output transistor, whose base is connected to collector of the first (3) input transistor, and collector is connected to the bus of the second (12) power source, and emitter is connected to the first (15) device output and via the fifth (16) current-stabilising two-pole is connected to the bus of the first (8) power source, the second (17) output transistor, whose base is connected to collector of the second (4) input transistor, collector is connected to the bus of the second (12) power source, and emitter is connected to the second (18) device output and to the bus of the first (8) power source via the sixth (19) current-stabilising two-pole. The first (1) and the second (2) current inputs of the device are connected to the emitters of the corresponding input transistors (3) and (4), auxiliary resistors (20) and (21), connected in series, are connected between the first and the second device outputs (15) and (18). Common assembly of the resistors is connected to the bases of the first and the second input transistors (3 and 4), between the emitters of the first and the second auxiliary transistors (5 and 6) the third and the fourth auxiliary resistors (22 and 23) are connected in series. Their common assembly is connected to the collector of the first (24) auxiliary transistor, whose emitter, in turn, is connected to the common bus (25) of the first and the second power sources (8 and 12), and the base is connected to the common assembly of the fifth and the sixth auxiliary resistors (26 and 27), connected in series between the first and the second current outputs of the device (1 and 2).

EFFECT: expansion of transistance R₀ variation range.

2 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The present invention relates to the field of radio engineering and communication and can be used in optical information processing systems, low-intensity optical radiation sensors, optical signal meters in high-energy physics, etc.

Converters of the output currents of avalanche photodiodes and silicon photomultipliers to the output voltage, which are realized on the basis of cascades with low input impedance — the so-called transresistive amplifiers (TRUs) [1–10], are widely used today in the problems of isolating optical signals. Their main parameter - transmission resistance R ₀ , determines the amplification properties of the TRU:

u _o - i _{o -} R ₀ ,

where i _in , u _out are the input current and the output voltage of the TRU.

Depending on the numerical values of i _in = i _in . _max scheme TRU should allow a change (at the discretion of the developer) of the value of R ₀ over a wide range without changing the static mode of the active elements.

The closest prototype of the claimed device is a signal converter of avalanche photodiodes and silicon photomultipliers, presented in the monograph "Elemental base of radiation-resistant information-measuring systems / NN Prokopenko, OV Dvornikov, S. G. Krutchinsky; under the general. ed. Doctor of Technical Sciences prof. N.N. Prokopenko - Mines: Federal State Budgetary Educational Establishment of Higher Vocational Education "YURGUES", 2011. - P. 22, Fig. 11.12. " It contains the first 1 and second 2 current inputs of the device, the first 3 and second 4 input transistors with combined bases, the first 5 and second 6 auxiliary transistors, the bases of which are connected to the auxiliary voltage source 7, the emitters are connected to the bus of the first 8 power supply through the corresponding first 9 and second 10 are current-stabilizing two-pole, and the collectors are connected to the corresponding emitters of the first 3 and second 4 input transistors, the third 11 current-stabilizing two-terminal connected between the bus of the second 12 ist power supply and the collector of the first 3 input transistor, the fourth 13 current-stabilizing two-pole connected between the bus of the second 12 power supply and the collector of the second 4 input transistor, the first 14 output transistor, the base of which is connected to the collector of the first 3 input transistor, the collector is connected to the bus of the second 12 source power supply, and the emitter is connected to the first 15 output of the device and through the fifth 16 the current-stabilizing two-terminal device is connected to the bus of the first 8 power supply, the second 17 output transistor, the base of which the second is connected to the collector of the second 4 input transistor, the collector is connected to the bus of the second 12 power supply, and the emitter is connected to the second 18 output of the device and through the sixth 19 the current-stabilizing two-terminal is connected to the bus of the first 8 power supply.

A significant disadvantage of the known transresistive prototype amplifier is that it does not provide a wide range of variation of the transmission resistance Rq. In addition, its output common-mode voltage at high-resistance current-stabilizing two-terminal 11 and 13 is unstable and its level differs significantly from zero. This circumstance makes it difficult to match the TRU with the subsequent cascade of processing of optical signals.

The main objective of the invention is to expand the acceptable range of variation of the transmission resistance R _{0 of the} transresistive amplifier, which is determined in the claimed circuit by the numerical values of the resistance of the auxiliary resistor 28, which does not affect the static mode of the transistors of the circuit.

An additional task is the introduction of a general negative feedback, which ensures stabilization of the output common mode voltage of the TRU and its zero value.

The problem is solved in that in a transresistive amplifier with a paraphase output for converting avalanche photodiode signals of Fig. 1, containing the first 1 and second 2 current inputs of the device, the first 3 and second 4 input transistors with integrated bases, the first 5 and second 6 auxiliary transistors, the bases of which are connected to the auxiliary voltage source 7, the emitters are connected to the bus of the first 8 power supply through the corresponding first 9 and second 10 current-stabilizing two-terminal devices, and the collectors are connected to the corresponding by the emitters of the first 3 and second 4 input transistors, the third 11 current-stabilizing two-pole connected between the bus of the second 12 power supply and the collector of the first 3 input transistor, the fourth 13 current-stabilizing two-pole connected between the bus of the second 12 power supply and the collector of the second 4 input transistor, first 14 the output transistor, the base of which is connected to the collector of the first 3 input transistor, the collector is connected to the bus of the second 12 power supply, and the emitter is connected to the first 15 output of the device After the fifth 16, the current-stabilizing two-terminal is connected to the bus of the first 8 power supply, the second 17 output transistor, the base of which is connected to the collector of the second 4 input transistor, the collector is connected to the bus of the second 12 power supply, and the emitter is connected to the second 18 output of the device and through the sixth 19 a current-stabilizing two-terminal device is connected to the bus of the first 8 power supply, new elements and communications are provided - the first 1 and second 2 current inputs of the device are connected to the emitters of the corresponding first 3 and second of four input transistors, between the first 15 and second 18 outputs of the device, the first 20 and second 21 additional resistors are connected in series, the common node of which is connected to the bases of the first 3 and second 4 input transistors, between the emitters of the first 5 and second 6 auxiliary transistors are connected in series the third 22 and fourth 23 additional resistors, the common node of which is connected to the collector of the first 24 additional transistor, the emitter of which is connected to the common bus 25 of the first 8 and second 12 sources Itani, a base connected to the common node of the fifth 26 and sixth 27 series-connected additional resistor connected between the first 1 and second 2 current inputs.

In the drawing of FIG. 1 is a diagram of the prototype amplifier, and in the drawing of FIG. 2 is a diagram of the inventive device in accordance with claims 1-2.

The drawing of figure 3 presents a diagram of figure 2 in the environment of PSpice on models of integrated transistors of FSUE NPP Pulsar.

The drawing of figure 4 shows the frequency dependence of the transmission resistance (R ₀ ) TRU of figure 2 for different values of the resistance of the auxiliary resistor 28 R ₂₈ = R ₇ = R ₀ = R _var = 0, l ÷ 100 kOhm.

The transresistive amplifier with a paraphase output for converting the signals of avalanche photodiodes of figure 2 contains the first 1 and second 2 current inputs of the device, the first 3 and second 4 input transistors with integrated bases, the first 5 and second 6 auxiliary transistors, the bases of which are connected to an auxiliary voltage source 7 , the emitters are connected to the bus of the first 8 power supply through the corresponding first 9 and second 10 current-stabilizing two-pole, and the collectors are connected to the corresponding emitters of the first 3 and second 4 in one transistor, the third 11 current-stabilizing two-terminal connected between the bus of the second 12 power supply and the collector of the first 3 input transistor, the fourth 13 current-stabilizing two-terminal connected between the bus of the second 12 power source and the collector of the second 4 input transistor, the first 14 output transistor, the base of which is connected to the collector of the first 3 input transistor, the collector is connected to the bus of the second 12 power supply, and the emitter is connected to the first 15 output of the device and through the fifth 16 is current-stabilizing The first two-terminal is connected to the bus of the first 8 power supply, the second 17 output transistor, the base of which is connected to the collector of the second 4 input transistor, the collector is connected to the bus of the second 12 power supply, and the emitter is connected to the second 18 output of the device and through the sixth 19 the current-stabilizing two-terminal is connected to the bus of the first 8 power supply. The first 1 and second 2 current inputs of the device are connected to the emitters of the corresponding first 3 and second 4 input transistors, between the first 15 and second 18 outputs of the device are connected in series the first 20 and second 21 additional resistors, the common node of which is connected to the bases of the first 3 and second 4 input transistors, between the emitters of the first 5 and second 6 auxiliary transistors connected in series are the third 22 and fourth 23 additional resistors, the common node of which is connected to the collector of the first 24 to olnitelnogo transistor whose emitter is connected to the common bus 25 of the first 8 and the second power sources 12 and base connected to the common node of the fifth 26 and sixth 27 series-connected additional resistor connected between the first 1 and second 2 current inputs.

In the drawing of FIG. 2, in accordance with claim 2, between the collectors of the first 3 and second 4 input transistors, an auxiliary resistor 28 is connected.

Consider the operation of the circuit of FIG. 2 for the case when a 1vhl current from the photodiode is applied to the input Bx.i ₁ (l), and the second input (Bx.i ₂ ) is not used.

A change in the input current of the TRU causes a corresponding change in the emitter and collector current of the transistor 3:

$$i_{\mathrm{to}3}\approx i_{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="uh"\; filenames="00000005.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">uh</figure-callout>}3}\approx i_{\mathrm{at}3}\text{(one)}$$

The increment of the collector current of the transistor 3 is transferred to the load 28 and causes (due to negative feedback) a corresponding change in the output differential voltage of the TRU:

$$u_{\mathrm{at}sx}\approx R_{28}{i}_{\mathrm{at}x}.\text{(2)}$$

Thus, the transmission resistance of the claimed TRU (R ₀ ) is determined by the resistance value of the auxiliary resistor 28, which does not affect the static mode of the circuit in a wide range of R2s:

$$u_{\mathrm{at}sx}\approx R_{28}=0÷\infty \text{(3)}$$

The simulation results of the circuit of figure 3 confirm the effect of a substantial expansion of the permissible range of variation of the transmission resistance R ₀ TRU, which is provided without changing the static mode of the transistors (figure 4). In addition, in the circuit of FIG. 3, a zero common-mode voltage level is set, which turns out to be quite stable under conditions of temperature and radiation effects due to negative feedback on the common-mode signal.

Thus, the proposed circuitry solution of the transresistive signal amplifier is characterized by a wide range of adjustment of the amplifier parameter R ₀ (for example, from -20 dB to 60 dB), which is its significant advantage in comparison with the prototype.

BIBLIOGRAPHIC LIST

1. Patent US 6.590.455 fig. one.

2. Patent US 6.069.534 fig. 6.

3. Patent US 6.801.084.

4. Patent US 6.218.905.

5. Patent US 6.639.477 fig. 3B.

6. Patent US 6.809.594 fig. one.

7. US Pat. No. 5,714,909 fig. 2.

8. Patent US 7.042.295.

9. Patent US 4,511,857 fig. 3a.

10. Patent US 5,345,073 fig. 3.

Claims (2)

1. A transistor amplifier with a paraphase output for converting avalanche photodiode signals, comprising the first (1) and second (2) current inputs of the device, the first (3) and second (4) input transistors with integrated bases, the first (5) and second (6 ) auxiliary transistors, the bases of which are connected to an auxiliary voltage source (7), emitters are connected to the bus of the first (8) power source through the corresponding first (9) and second (10) current-stabilizing two-terminal devices, and the collectors are connected to the corresponding emitters of the first (3) and the second (4) input transistors, the third (11) current-stabilizing two-terminal connected between the bus of the second (12) power supply and the collector of the first (3) input transistor, the fourth (13) current-stabilizing two-terminal connected between the bus of the second (12) power source and the collector the second (4) input transistor, the first (14) output transistor, the base of which is connected to the collector of the first (3) input transistor, the collector is connected to the bus of the second (12) power source, and the emitter is connected to the first (15) output of the device and through The second (16) current-stabilizing two-terminal device is connected to the bus of the first (8) power source, the second (17) output transistor, the base of which is connected to the collector of the second (4) input transistor, the collector is connected to the bus of the second (12) power source, and the emitter is connected to the second (18) output of the device and through the sixth (19) current-stabilizing two-terminal device is connected to the bus of the first (8) power source, characterized in that the first (1) and second (2) current inputs of the device are connected to the emitters of the corresponding first (3) and second (4) input transistor s, between the first (15) and second (18) outputs of the device, the first (20) and second (21) additional resistors are connected in series, the common node of which is connected to the bases of the first (3) and second (4) input transistors, between the emitters of the first (5) and the second (6) auxiliary transistors connected in series are the third (22) and fourth (23) additional resistors, the common node of which is connected to the collector of the first (24) additional transistor, the emitter of which is connected to the common bus (25) of the first (8 ) and second (12) power sources, and the base is connected to a common node of the fifth (26) and sixth (27) series-connected additional resistors connected between the first (1) and second (2) current inputs of the device. 2. A transistor amplifier with a paraphase output for converting avalanche photodiode signals according to claim 1, characterized in that an auxiliary resistor (28) is connected between the collectors of the first (3) and second (4) input transistors.

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