RU2533039C1 - Extractor of seeds from gourds fruits, mainly pumpkin - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: seed extractor comprises a frame, a drive, a loading hopper, a knife with the guiding means, a locking mechanism comprising lower and upper conveyors, and the water supply unit. The lower conveyor comprises a plurality of transport cells transported one after another along the path of movement of the conveyor. Each transport cell comprises the conveying rods rigidly secured to the lower conveyor chains, and a support surface located between them. The plane of the support surface is offset downwardly from the level of motion of the conveying rods by an amount that ensures reliable fixing and transportation of fruit halves, regardless of their shape and dimensions.

EFFECT: use of invention enables to extract the seeds without impact actions and damage from the pumpkin fruit of any shape and size.

4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to machines intended for the processing of fruits of melons, in particular pumpkins.

A known separator of seeds from the fruits of melons, containing a hopper, a device for destroying fruits and a device for separating seeds from chopped heaps, pitched planes, a container for collecting juice and pulp, a conveyor for collecting and removing peels, and a container for collecting seeds. The device for destroying fruits is made in the form of counter-rotating gear drums, one of which is the leading one and the other driven one is spring-loaded, and the device for separating seeds from the chopped heap is placed under the gear drums and made in the form of brush conveyors mounted on top of each other, the top of which is installed above the bar concave and is pressed to it by brushes fixed with a step equal to the pitch of the gear drums, and the other is pressed to the separation sieve, with the ramped planes and the container for juice and pulp boron are installed under the separation sieve, the conveyor for collecting and removing the crust is installed at the end of the bar concave, and the seed collecting container is installed behind the separation sieve (RU, patent No. 2267281, IPC A23N 7/08. Seed separator from gourds. / V.G. Abezin, V.A. Tseplyaev, M.N. Shaprov, V.P. Boromensky, AM Saldaev. - Stated June 7, 2004; Publish. January 10, 2006. Bull. No. 01).

The disadvantages of the described seed separator include significant energy costs for the destruction of the fruit, insufficiently complete separation of the seeds from the pulp and pulp and seed injury.

There is also known a device for separating seeds from fruits of melons, mainly from pumpkins, containing a swath section, a cellular type lifting drum, a pitched tray for guiding fruits onto drums with hooks located one above the other and spaced, mounted on the upper frame a drum with a dental tooth and a tipper with a counterweight and a feed conveyor, the belt of which is equipped with spikes, while at the level of the lower drum from the side opposite to july fruit, and at an angle to the feed conveyor, a live roll with flexible bending plates is installed, above the feed conveyor there is a drum-separator with flexible elements combing out the seeds, and under the feed conveyor there is a seed hopper with a moving bottom communicated with the conveyor for loading halves and melons seeds crops in vehicles, and the upper drum is mounted with the ability to move in a vertical plane together with the knife and the tipper, the knife is mounted with the possibility of reciprocating th movement in the longitudinal direction relative to the location of the drums, and the tipper is fixed with the ability to move around the circle sector around a fixed axis (RU, patent No. 2289288, IPC A23N 4/00, A23N 4/12. A method of isolating seeds from fruits of melons, mainly from fruits of pumpkins, and a device for its implementation. / V.A. Milyutkin, N.F. Strebkov. - Stated 02/27/2003; Publ. 12/20/2006. Bull. No. 35).

The disadvantages of the known device for the separation of seeds from the fruits of melons, mainly from the fruits of pumpkins, include the high complexity of the technology of separation of seeds, insufficiently complete separation of seeds from pulp, seed injury.

The closest analogue to the claimed object is a seed separator, mainly from pumpkin fruits, including a frame, a drive, a loading hopper, a knife with a guiding device, a locking mechanism containing lower and upper conveyors, and a water supply unit. In each pipeline leading to the nozzle, a water flow control mechanism is installed, and the said mechanism is connected via a lever system with a copy roller mounted on the upper conveyor (RU Patent No. 2220629, IPC ⁷ A23N 4/24. Seed separator mainly from pumpkin fruits. / A.N. Tseplyaev, M.N. Shaprov, V.G. Abezin, A.V. Sedov, AM Saldaev.

The disadvantage of the described seed separator, adopted as a prototype, is the unloading of the halves of the fruit in front of the locking mechanism due to the slipping of the rods of the lower conveyor along the smooth surface of the plane of the section of the fruit.

The essence of the claimed invention.

The task to which the invention is directed is to improve the quality of seed extraction from pumpkin fruits.

EFFECT: increased productivity of the process and improved quality of seed allocation.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the known separator of seeds from the fruits of melons, mainly pumpkins containing a frame, a drive, a loading hopper, a knife with a guiding device, a locking mechanism containing lower and upper conveyors, and a water supply unit, according to the invention, lower the conveyor contains many transport cells, moving one after another along the path of the conveyor, and each transport cell includes transport rods, rigidly fixed to the chains of the lower conveyor, and the supporting surface located between them, formed by supporting rods made in the form of a crank axis with the possibility of free rotation in the uprights, and the plane of the supporting surface is shifted down from the level of movement of the transporting rods by an amount that ensures reliable fixation and transportation of the fruit halves, regardless of their shapes and sizes.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 schematically shows a seed separator from the fruits of melons, mainly pumpkins, left side view.

Figure 2 is a section aa in figure 1.

Figure 3 - schematically shows a transport mesh, left view.

Figure 4 is a view A in figure 3.

Information confirming the possibility of implementing the claimed invention are as follows.

The separator of seeds from the fruits of melons, mainly pumpkins (see Figs. 1 and 2), contains a frame 1, a drive 2, a loading hopper 3, a knife 4 with a guiding device 5, a locking mechanism containing the lower 6 and upper 7 conveyors, and a unit water supply.

Frame 1 is made in the form of a welded structure. The drive 2 is made in the form of an electric motor, a coupling and a reducer and provides rotation of the knife 4, the locking mechanism and the pump station 8. The loading hopper 3 has the shape of a box, tapering to the bottom to ensure the orientation of the fruits with the biological axis passing through the receptacle and the stalk across the knife 4 The knife 4 for cutting the fruit into halves is made in the form of a disk with sharpened edge. The guide device 5 is associated with a knife 4 and orientes the halves of the fruit with the cut plane down.

The locking mechanism is made in the form of two conveyors installed one above the other: the lower conveyor 6 and the upper conveyor 7. The lower conveyor 6 contains many transport cells 9 (see Figs. 3 and 4), which are moved one after the other along the conveyor path. Each transport cell 9 includes transport rods 10, rigidly fixed to the chains of the lower conveyor 6. Between the transport rods 10 there is a support surface formed by support rods 11. Each support rod 11 is made in the form of a crank axis with the possibility of free rotation in the racks 12. The plane of the support surface shifted down from the level of movement of the transporting rods 10 by an amount that provides reliable fixation and transportation of halves of the fruit, regardless of their shape and size.

The upper conveyor 7 is made in the form of an endless elastic tape for fixing on the lower conveyor 6 several halves of the fruit at once. The working branch of the conveyor 7 is spring-loaded due to the copying rollers 13. The working branches of the upper and lower conveyors 7 and 6 move in the same direction at the same speed.

The water supply unit contains two slotted nozzles 14 mounted under the upper branch of the lower conveyor 6. The nozzles 14 are connected to the water supply pipe 15. In each water supply pipe 15, a water flow control valve 16 is installed, which is connected by a system of levers 17 with a copy roller 13 of the upper conveyor 7.

For collection and removal of seeds installed tray 18.

The isolator of seeds from the fruits of melons, mainly pumpkin, works as follows.

Fruits of gourds intended for processing are fed into the loading hopper 3 either manually or by a conveyor (not shown in the diagram). Leaving the hopper 3, the fruits are oriented by the biological axis passing through the receptacle and the stalk, across the knife 4.

Then they are cut with a knife 4 into two halves. Each half of the guide device 5 is oriented by the cut plane down and fits onto the supporting surface of the transport mesh 9.

The transporting rods 10, in contact with the lateral surface of the fetal half, give it a pushing effect. As a special case, the halves of the fruits can be obtained asymmetric, but the design of the transport mesh 9 allows you to move different-sized halves of the fruits.

The endless belt of the upper conveyor 7, under the influence of the copying rollers 13, compresses the halves of the fruits from above, copying their macro-surface. This design allows you to fix on the lower conveyor 6 several halves at once, regardless of their shape and size.

When each half moves along the conveyor 6, the copying roller 13 interacts with the system of levers 17 and opens the valve for controlling the flow of water 16 by an appropriate amount. Water under pressure from the pumping station 8 through pipelines 15 enters the slotted nozzles 14. Each of the nozzles 14 forms a flat stream equal to half the width of the lower conveyor 6. The jet, passing through the working branch, interacts with the placenta of the fetus and washes seeds only from that half of the fetus under which it is located.

When processing halves of different sizes at the same time, the water flow control valve 16 increases the water flow only in that nozzle that releases seeds from the larger half of the fruit.

The separated seeds, together with water, flow into the tray 18 and from there are sent for further washing and drying. Halves of the fruit coming from the conveyor 6 are fed into the storage hopper (not shown in the diagram) for further processing.

The use of this machine allows you to select seeds without shock and damage from the pumpkin fruit of any shape and size. The pulp of the fetus is stored for further processing for food purposes or feed to farm animals.

Claims (1)

A separator of seeds from the fruits of melons, mainly pumpkins, containing a frame, a drive, a loading hopper, a knife with a guiding device, a locking mechanism containing lower and upper conveyors, the working branches of which move in the same direction and at the same speed, a water supply unit and a tray for collection of selected seeds, and the upper conveyor is designed to fix several halves of the fruit on the lower conveyor at once and its working branch is spring-loaded with copy rollers, and the water supply unit contains two slotted nozzles installed under the upper branch of the lower conveyor and connected to the water supply pipe, in which there is a water flow control valve, communicated by a system of levers with copy rollers of the upper conveyor, characterized in that the lower conveyor contains many transport cells that are moved one after another along the path conveyor movement, and each transport cell includes transporting rods rigidly fixed to the chains of the lower conveyor, and located between them polar surface formed by the supporting rods, made in the form of a crank axle to rotate freely in the racks, the plane bearing surface is offset downwardly from the level of movement of the conveying bars by an amount that ensures reliable fixing and transporting fruit halves, regardless of their shape and dimensions.

Images