RU2654249C1 - Seed extractor from the pumpkin fruits - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture; machine building.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to agricultural machinery, in particular to the machines, which are intended for the processing of pumpkin fruits. Seed separator comprises the frame, the drive, the hopper, the knife with the guide, the locking mechanism, which contains the lower and upper conveyors, the working branches of which move in the same direction and at the same speed, the water supply unit and the drip tray for collecting the separated seeds. Upper conveyor is designed in order to fix several halves of fruits on the lower conveyor and its working branch is spring-loaded with the copying rollers. Lower conveyor consists of a plurality of transport cells including the rigidly fixed conveying rods and the support rods, which are freely rotating in the tines. Support rods are made in the form of the cranked axis and form the supporting surface for the halves of the fruit. Water supply unit contains two narrow nozzles. Nozzles are installed under the working branch of the lower conveyor and are connected to the pumping station by the water supply pipeline. In the water supply line there is the water flow control valve, which is communicated by the system of levers with the copying rollers of the upper conveyor. Lower conveyor is made in the form of the closed chain contour, which is mounted on four shafts. Working branch of the contour, which is located between the upper shafts, serves as the supporting surface for the halves of the fruit. Non-working branch of the contour between the lower shafts moves below the level of the seed collection tray.

EFFECT: use of the invention will allow to reduce the loss of seeds, when they are separated from the pumpkin fruit.

1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to machines designed for processing pumpkin fruits.

A known separator of seeds from the fruits of melons, containing a hopper, a device for destroying fruits and a device for separating seeds from chopped heaps, pitched planes, a container for collecting juice and pulp, a conveyor for collecting and removing peels, and a container for collecting seeds. The device for destroying fruits is made in the form of counter-rotating gear drums, one of which is the leading one and the other driven one is spring-loaded, and the device for separating seeds from the chopped heap is placed under the gear drums and made in the form of brush conveyors mounted on top of each other, the top of which is installed above the bar concave and is pressed to it by brushes fixed with a step equal to the pitch of the gear drums, and the other is pressed to the separation sieve, with the ramped planes and the container for juice and pulp boron are installed under the separating sieve, the conveyor for collecting and removing the peel is installed at the end of the bar concave, and the seed collecting container is installed behind the separating sieve (RU, patent No. 2267281 Separator of seeds from the fruits of melons. Published 10.01.2006).

The disadvantages of the described seed separator include significant energy costs for the destruction of the fruit, insufficiently complete separation of the seeds from the pulp and pulp and seed injury.

There is also known a device for separating seeds from fruits of melons, mainly from pumpkins, containing a swath section, a honeycomb type lifting drum, a ramp tray for guiding fruits onto drums with hooks located one above the other and spaced, mounted on the upper frame a drum with a dental tooth and a tipper with a counterweight and a feed conveyor, the belt of which is equipped with spikes, while at the level of the lower drum from the side opposite to july fruit, and at an angle to the feed conveyor a live roll with elastic flexible plates is installed, above the feed conveyor there is a drum-separator with flexible elements combing out the seeds, and under the feed conveyor there is a seed hopper with a movable bottom communicated with the conveyor for loading halves and melons seeds crops in vehicles, and the upper drum is mounted with the ability to move in a vertical plane together with the knife and the tipper, the knife is mounted with the possibility of reciprocating th movement in the longitudinal direction relative to the location of the drums, and the tipper is fixed with the ability to move around the circular sector around a fixed axis (RU, patent No. 22892828; A method for isolating seeds from fruits of melons, mainly from fruits of pumpkins, and a device for its implementation. Published December 20, 2006).

The disadvantages of the described device for the selection of seeds from the fruits of melons, mainly from the fruits of pumpkins, include the high complexity of the technology of separation of seeds, insufficiently complete separation of seeds from pulp, seed injury.

The closest analogue to the claimed object is a separator of seeds from the fruits of melons, mainly pumpkins, including a frame, drive, loading hopper, knife with a guide device, a locking mechanism containing the lower and upper conveyors, the working branches of which move in the same direction and at the same speed , a water supply unit and a tray for collecting selected seeds, and the upper conveyor is designed to fix several halves of the fruit on the lower conveyor at once and its working branch is inene by copying rollers, and the water supply unit contains two slotted nozzles installed under the upper branch of the lower conveyor and connected to the water supply pipe, in which there is a water flow control valve communicated by a lever system with copying rollers of the upper conveyor. In this case, the lower conveyor contains a plurality of transport cells moving one after the other along the conveyor path, each transport cell including transport rods rigidly fixed on the chains of the lower conveyor and a supporting surface located between them, formed by supporting rods made in the form of a cranked axis with the possibility of free rotation in the racks, and the plane of the supporting surface is shifted down from the level of movement of the transporting rods by an amount that provides reliable fixation and transportation of fruit halves, regardless of their shape and size (RU, patent No. 2533039, Isolator of seeds from fruits of melons, mainly pumpkins. Published on November 20, 2014).

The disadvantage of the described separator of seeds from the fruits of melons, mainly pumpkins, adopted as a prototype, are seed losses that occur when the non-working branch of the lower conveyor moves through a stream of separated seeds and placental pulp flowing into the pallet, which can lead to the hanging of the placental pulp with seeds on the rods of the conveyor and the removal of this pulp outside the tray for collecting seeds.

The essence of the claimed invention.

The task to which the invention is directed is to obtain high quality seeds in the processing of pumpkin fruits.

The technical result is a reduction in seed loss during their isolation from pumpkin fruits.

The specified technical result is achieved by a separator of seeds from pumpkin fruits, containing a frame, a drive, a loading hopper, a knife with a guiding device, a locking mechanism containing the lower and upper conveyors, the working branches of which move in the same direction and at the same speed, a water supply unit and a tray for collection of selected seeds, and the upper conveyor is designed to fix several halves of the fruit on the lower conveyor at once and its working branch is spring-loaded with copy rollers, the lower conveyor consists of many transport cells, including rigidly mounted transport rods and support rods freely rotating in the racks, which are made in the form of a crank axis and form a supporting surface for the fruit halves, and the water supply unit contains two slotted nozzles installed under the working branch of the lower conveyor and connected with a pump station, a water supply pipe, in which there is a water flow control valve communicated by a lever system with copy rollers of the upper conveyor, according to and In accordance with the invention, the lower conveyor is made in the form of a closed chain contour mounted on four shafts, the working branch of the contour located between the upper shafts serving as a supporting surface for the halves of the fruit, and the non-working branch of the contour between the lower shafts moves below the level of the seed collecting tray.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

In FIG. 1 schematically shows a seed extractor from pumpkin fruits, left view.

In FIG. 2 is a section AA in FIG. one.

Information confirming the possibility of implementing the claimed invention are as follows.

The pumpkin seed separator (see FIGS. 1 and 2) contains a frame 1, a drive 2, a loading hopper 3, a knife 4 with a guiding device 5, a locking mechanism containing lower 6 and upper 7 conveyors, a water supply unit and a tray 8 for collection of selected seeds.

Frame 1 is made in the form of a welded structure. The drive 2 is made in the form of an electric motor, clutch and gearbox and provides rotation of the knife 4, the locking mechanism and the pump station 9. The loading hopper 3 has the shape of a box, tapering down to ensure that the fruits are oriented by the biological axis passing through the receptacle and the stalk across the knife 4. Knife 4 for cutting fruits into halves is made in the form of a disk with sharpened edge. The guide device 5 is associated with a knife 4 and orientes the halves of the fruit with the cut plane down.

The locking mechanism is made in the form of two conveyors installed one above the other: the lower conveyor 6 and the upper conveyor 7. The lower conveyor 6 is made in the form of a closed chain circuit mounted on four shafts 10, 11, 12 and 13. The working branch of the circuit located between the upper shafts 10 and 11, serves as a supporting surface for the halves of the fruit. A non-working branch of the contour between the lower shafts 12 and 13 moves below the level of the tray 8 for collecting seeds.

The chain circuit of the lower conveyor 6 contains many transport cells that are moved one after another along the path of the conveyor. Each transport cell consists of rigidly mounted transporting rods 14 and supporting rods 15, which are freely rotated in the racks, which are made in the form of a crankshaft axis.

The upper conveyor 7 is made in the form of an endless elastic tape for fixing on the lower conveyor 6 several halves of the fruit at once. The working branch of the conveyor 7 is spring-loaded due to the copying rollers 16 and moves in the same direction and at the same speed with the working branch of the chain circuit of the lower conveyor 6.

The water supply unit contains two slotted nozzles 17 installed under the working branch of the lower conveyor chain 6. The nozzles 17 are connected to the pumping station 9 by a water supply pipe 18, in which there is a water flow control valve 19, communicated by a lever system 20 with copy rollers 16 of the upper conveyor 7.

For collection and removal of selected seeds installed tray 8.

A separator of seeds from pumpkin fruits works as follows.

The pumpkin fruits intended for processing are fed into the loading hopper 3, at the exit of which they are oriented by the biological axis passing through the receptacle and peduncle, across the knife 4.

Then they are cut with a knife 4 into two ladles. Each half of the guide device 5 is oriented by the cutting plane down and is laid on the supporting rods 15 of the lower conveyor 6, forming a supporting surface. The transporting rods 14, in contact with the lateral surface of the fruit halves, provide reliable transportation of fruit halves regardless of their shape and size.

The endless belt of the upper conveyor 7, under the influence of the copying rollers 16, compresses the halves of the fruits from above, copying their macro-surface.

When each half moves along the lower conveyor 6, the copying rollers 16 interact with the system of levers 20 and open the water flow control valve 19 by an appropriate amount. Water under pressure from the pumping station 9 through pipelines 18 enters the slotted nozzles 17, which form a flat stream equal to half the width of the lower conveyor 6. The jet, passing through the working branch of the chain circuit of the lower conveyor 6, interacts with the placental pulp of the fetus and flushes the seeds only from that half of the fetus, under which it is located.

With the simultaneous processing of halves of fruits of different sizes, the valve 19 controls the flow of water increases the flow rate of water only in that nozzle, which allocates seeds from a larger half of the fruit.

The separated seeds, together with water, flow into the tray 8 and from there are sent for further washing and drying. The halves of the fruits after the separation of the seeds are fed into the storage hopper (not shown in the diagram) for further processing.

The use of this machine allows you to select seeds without damage and with minimal loss from the pumpkin fruit of any shape and size. The pulp of the fetus is stored for further processing for food purposes or feed to farm animals.

Claims (1)

A pumpkin seed separator comprising a frame, a drive, a loading hopper, a knife with a guiding device, a locking mechanism comprising lower and upper conveyors, the working branches of which move in the same direction and at the same speed, a water supply unit and a tray for collecting selected seeds, moreover, the upper conveyor is designed to fix several halves of the fruit on the lower conveyor at once and its working branch is spring-loaded with copy rollers, the lower conveyor consists of many transport cells, including They have rigidly fixed transport rods and support rods freely rotating in the racks, which are made in the form of a cranked axis and form a supporting surface for the fruit halves, and the water supply unit contains two slotted nozzles installed under the working branch of the lower conveyor and connected to the pump station by a water supply pipeline , in which there is a water flow control valve, communicated by a system of levers with copy rollers of the upper conveyor, characterized in that the lower conveyor is made in the form a closed chain circuit mounted on four shafts, the working branch of the contour located between the upper shafts serving as a supporting surface for the halves of the fruit, and the non-working branch of the contour between the lower shafts moves below the level of the tray for collecting seeds.

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