RU2526230C1 - Surveillance device - sight with built-in pulse laser distance finder - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: device comprises a head part consisting of protective glasses and two prisms-cubes, two vertically oriented channels: single optical and multiple optoelectronic, and the channel of pulsed laser distance finder which has emitting and receiving devices. The optical path of the receiving device comprises a lens and the collecting lens of the single channel, matching optical system and dichroic plate mounted between the collecting lens and the inversion system of the single channel transmitting the visible spectral range and reflecting wavelength of 1.54 microns. The emitting device is placed in close proximity to the multiple optoelectronic channel. The equivalent focal distance of the optical path of the receiving channel of the pulsed laser distance finder F'_e is connected to the focal distance of the lens of the single optical channel F'_l with the dependence $$F{\text{'}}_e=(\mathrm{0,4}÷\mathrm{0,7})F{\text{'}}_l.$$

Projection of laser emitting through the head prism-cube of the multiple optoelectronic channel is provided by its partial vignetting.

EFFECT: improved accuracy of measuring distance from two channels of surveillance-aiming with the minimal size of the head part of the device and a wide range of pointing angles.

2 dwg, 2 tbl

Description

The present invention relates to the field of optoelectronic technology and can be used as a surveillance device, sight, rangefinder in objects of armored vehicles in a wide variety of operating conditions.

A known observation device-sight TKN-4GA for work on objects of armored vehicles day and night on ground and air targets in two spectral ranges - in the visible from 0.48 to 0.65 microns and in the visible and IR ranges from 0.40 to 0.90 μm (A.V. Medvedev, A.V. Grinkevich, S.N. Knyazeva. Practical advances in night vision technology. OJSC “Rostov Optical and Mechanical Plant”, OJSC “Yaroslavl Printing Plant”, 2009, pp. .835, Fig. 11.2.1.4), containing a small-sized prismatic warhead providing angles of pointing of the line of sight from minus 10 to + 70 ° and two vertically arranged channels: a single optical channel and a multiple optical-electronic channel, switched from multiple optical to night multiple channel with an electron-optical converter. In the field of view of a multiple channel is a rangefinder scale for measuring range using the "base on target" method. The method of measuring range using the rangefinder scale used in the TKN-4GA sighting device provides a measurement accuracy that increases with increasing distance to the target and amounts to ~ 10% of the measured distance.

In addition, the TPD-K1 quantum rangefinder is known for determining and observing targets, measuring their range and firing standard weapons at objects of armored vehicles (A.V. Medvedev, A.V. Grinkevich, S.N. Knyazev. "Practical advances in optoelectronic technology. OJSC" Rostov Optical and Mechanical Plant ", OJSC" Yaroslavl Polygraphic Combine ", 2010, pp. 45-49) containing a horizontally located visual (optical) sighting system and a quantum rangefinder system while measuring d The ranges can be carried out both by means of a range finder, and visually using a range finder scale located in the visual field of view of the visual system, using the “base on target” method. The common head part of the visual system and the rangefinder system is made in the form of a protective glass and a swinging head mirror, providing angles of guidance of the line of sight from minus 15 to + 25 °. After the common part, there are three independent channels, each of which has its own optical system: a visual channel emitting a range finder channel and a receiving range finder channel. In addition, the device has an additional optical system for entering into the field of view of the visual channel of a luminous rangefinder brand.

The disadvantage of the TKN-4GA sighting and sighting device is the low accuracy of measuring the distance to the target, and the disadvantages of the TPD-K1 quantum sighting rangefinder are the increased overall dimensions of the head due to the need to project three separate channels through the head mirror, the presence of a separate input channel for the rangefinder mark, as well as a small range of angles of pointing the line of sight.

The objective of the present invention is to improve the accuracy of measuring the range to the target in the TKN-4GA instrument while maintaining two working spectral ranges and two channels of observation and aiming (single and multiple) with minimum dimensions of the head of the device and the range of angles of sighting line from minus 10 to + 70 °.

The technical result due to the task is achieved by the fact that the observation device-sight, consisting of a head part containing protective glasses and two prism-cubes, and two vertically arranged channels: a single optical channel and multiple optical-electronic channel, unlike The known modification introduced the channel of the pulsed laser rangefinder, having a radiating and receiving device, and the receiving device of the channel of the pulsed laser rangefinder is integrated into a single optical channel, and zluchayuschee device is taken as an independent node in the vicinity of the multiple opto-electronic channel.

The multiple optical-electronic channel and the emitting device of the channel of the pulsed laser range finder have a common protective glass of the head, a common input head prism, and a standard instrument prism-cube is used without changing dimensions due to the introduction of partial vignetting in the lens of the multiple channel.

The receiving device of the pulse range finder, designed to fix the pulses of the emitter, combined with a single optical channel, is an optical system consisting of a lens of a single optical channel, a collective lens of a single optical channel, a newly introduced dichroic plate that transmits the visible spectral range and reflects wavelength 1, 54 μm, and a matching system, while a dichroic plate is installed between the collective lens and the optical nokratnogo Channel and matching optical system consists of two positive and one negative lens.

In contrast to the well-known analogue, the rangefinder brand is not introduced into the field of view by a separate optical system, but is applied to a standard grid located in the field of view of a multiple optical-electronic channel, and to ensure range measurement, the optical axes of a single optical channel and the channel of the emitting device of a pulsed laser range finder with the axis of multiple optical-electronic channel.

A diagram of a sighting device with an integrated pulsed laser rangefinder is shown in figures 1 and 2.

The sighting device with a built-in pulsed laser range finder contains a common block of protective glasses 1 and 2 heads, a head prism-cube of a single channel 3, a single optical channel 4, a dichroic plate 5, matching an optical system of two positive lenses 6, 7 and one negative lens 8, a photodetector of a channel of a pulsed laser range finder 9, a head prism cube of a multiple optoelectronic channel 10, a multiple optoelectronic channel 11, a module of a laser emitter of a channel of a pulsed laser range measure 12, the mirrors 13.

Parameters of the embodiment of the optical system of the receiving device of the pulse laser rangefinder channel:

- the estimated wavelength of 1.54 microns;

- equivalent focal length 30 mm;

- relative aperture 1: 0.8.

The equivalent focal length of the optical system of the receiving channel of the pulsed laser range finder F _e is associated with the focal length of the lens of a single optical channel F _{about the} dependence

$$F{\text{'}\text{'}}_{\mathrm{uh}}=(0.4÷0.7)F{\text{'}\text{'}}_{\mathrm{about}b}$$

In the optical system of the receiving device of the channel of the pulsed laser range finder, the input part of the single optical channel 3 is used, consisting of a protective glass 1 and 2, a prism-cube 3, the lens and the collective of the single optical channel 4. The laser radiation reflected from the object through the input part of the regular single channel 1, is reflected from the dichroic plate 5 and by means of a matching optical system 6, 7 and 8 is focused on the sensitive area of the photodetector 9.

The parameters of the 9-type photodetector FPU-21 V (Research Institute "Pole") of the channel of a pulsed laser range finder are shown in Table 1.

Table 1 Parameters of a photodetector of a channel of a pulsed laser range finder, type FPU-21 V. Parameter Name Value Working spectral range, microns 1.06-1.54 The duration of the received rectangular (bell-shaped) pulse at the level of 0.5, ns 10-50 Operating voltage, V 12 Current consumption, mA one hundred The diameter of the sensitive area, microns 150

The parameters of the laser emitter module 12 "channel of the pulsed laser rangefinder manufactured by JSC" ROMZ "are shown in table 2.

table 2 Parameters of the module of the laser emitter of the channel of a pulsed laser range finder. Parameter Name Value Wavelength, microns 1,54 Pulse Energy, mJ 8 Pulse repetition rate, Hz 1/3 Pulse Duration, ns 20-30 Divergence, mrad 10 (2 with an output telescope 5 times) Beam diameter, mm 3.7 (19.2 with an output telescope 5 times) Sizes, mm ⌀30 × 138

The principle of operation of a pulsed laser range finder, built into the observation device, sight, is as follows.

The module of the laser emitter 12 generates pulses of laser radiation with a wavelength of 1.54 μm, which, reflected from the mirror surfaces of the block of mirrors 13 and the mirror face of the head prism-cube 10 and passing through the protective glass 1, 2 of the head part, fall on the object to which distance required. The laser radiation reflected from the object, passing through the protective glasses 1, 2, reflected from the head prism-cube 3, passes through the lens and the collective lens of the single optical channel 4, is reflected from the dichroic plate 5 and is fixed using the matching system 6, 7, 8 on photodetector receiving area 9.

The laser pulse range finder channel provides distance measurement using the pulse method over the time it takes for the laser pulse to pass from the emitter to the target and back to the photodetector, providing a constant range measurement error (~ 2 m component) for any distances.

The optical system of the photodetector channel of the laser rangefinder provides a calculated value of the scattering spot equal to 0.12 mm. This value is consistent with the diameter of the photosensitive area of the photodetector 9 of the FPU-21 V type, equal to 0.15 mm.

The solution with embedding the receiving path of the laser pulse range finder in a single optical channel of the product allows you to implement the task of measuring the distance to objects in a two-channel day-night device in the range of angles of sighting line from minus 10 to + 70 ° without changing the overall dimensions of the product and increasing the size of the head part beyond account of the range finder with a prism reflective system instead of a mirror one.

Claims (1)

A sighting device with a built-in pulsed laser range finder, comprising a head part consisting of protective glasses and two prism cubes, and two vertically arranged channels: a single optical channel and a multiple optical-electronic channel, characterized in that the sight is equipped with an additional pulse laser channel a range finder that has a radiating and receiving device, the receiving device of the channel of the pulsed laser range finder is integrated in a single optical channel, and the radiating device is placed in the form of an independent node in the immediate vicinity of a multiple optical-electronic channel, the optical path of the receiving device of a pulsed laser range finder is an optical system that includes a lens of a single optical channel, a team of a single optical channel matching an optical system consisting of two positive and one negative lens, and a dichroic plate mounted between the collective lens and the optical single-lens wrapping system channel, which passes the visible spectral range and reflects a wavelength of 1.54 μm, and the equivalent focal length of the optical path of the receiving channel of the pulsed laser rangefinder F ' _e is associated with the focal length of the lens of a single optical channel F' _{about the} dependence
$$F{\text{'}\text{'}}_{\mathrm{uh}}=(0.4÷0.7)F{\text{'}\text{'}}_{\mathrm{about}b}$$

;
the projection of laser radiation generated by the radiating device onto the object through the head prism-cube of the multiple optical-electronic channel without increasing its dimensions is ensured by partial vignetting in the multiple optical-electronic channel.

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