RU2560347C1 - Single-pupil laser-ranging sight - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: physics.

SUBSTANCE: single-pupil laser-ranging sight includes one composite channel, which includes a lens, a target reticle, a lens erecting system, a translucent indicator and an eyepiece, arranged in series. The plane of the aiming signs of the reticle is superimposed with the back focus of the lens and the front focus of the lens erecting system, and the plane of the luminescent signs of the translucent indicator is superimposed with the back focus of the erecting system and the object plane of the eyepiece. The device includes, between the lens and the reticle, a spectrum-splitting cube, the spectrum-splitting plane of which is in the form of a diagonal face arranged such that the reticle, the erecting system, the translucent indicator and the eyepiece operate in the transmitted beam, and in the beam reflected from the spectrum-splitting plane there is a divergent lens which forms, together with an input lens, an afocal optical system, a quarter-wave retarder made of quartz, a polarisation splitter cube which divides the radiating and receiving channels of the range-finder and is mounted at a position where its reflecting plane is parallel to the spectrum-splitting plane of the spectrum-splitting cube, and two identical convergent focusing lenses, which form the same focal distance of the radiating and receiving channels of the laser range-finder, after each of which there is a laser emitter or a laser radiation detector.

EFFECT: facilitating sight shooting while enabling range measurement using a single-pupil optical sight-optical ranging system, having one common entrance window for both the sight visual channel and the transmitting and receiving channels of the range-finder, and which ensures minimal energy loss during transmission through the optical channel.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of optical electronic instrumentation and laser ranging, namely to optical sights with a built-in function of measuring distances to a target.

A number of shooting sights with a laser rangefinder of foreign companies are known - ZEISS VICTORY DIARANCE 3 × 12 × 26T, Bushnell Yardage Pro, Burris Laser-Scope and Nicon Laser IRT, built according to the standard scheme with two optical windows, one of which is the entrance window of the sighting visual channel, another - the output window of the emitting channel of the laser rangefinder.

Closest to the invention in technical essence is an optical sight system with a laser rangefinder ZEISS VICTORY DIARANCE 3 × 12 × 26T (Article "Sights with a range finder", magazine "Popular Mechanics", No. 4 (66), April 2008, p. 78 ), which is taken as a prototype. The sight contains an optical system of the visual sighting channel, consisting of a sequentially mounted lens, an aiming reticle, a lens wraparound system, an illumination indicator, an eyepiece, the plane of the reticle signs of the grid aligned with the back focus of the lens and the front focus of the lens wraparound system, and the plane of the luminous signs of the illuminating indicator aligned with the back focus of the wrapping system and with the objective plane of the eyepiece, and a separate optical system of the laser rangefinder.

The disadvantage of this system is the presence of two separate channels, equipped with their own lenses and having separate input optical windows, which increases the dimensions of the sight.

The objective of the present invention is to provide targeted shooting with the ability to measure range using a single-pupil optical sighting-rangefinder optical system having one common input window for both the sighting visual channel and the transmitting and receiving channels of the rangefinder, and ensuring minimal energy loss when passing through the optical tract.

The technical result due to the task is achieved due to the fact that in the proposed optical design of the sight, one combined channel is implemented, comprising a sequentially mounted lens, an aiming reticle, a lens wraparound system, an illumination indicator and an eyepiece, and the plane of the reticle is aligned with the back focus of the lens and the front focus of the lens wraparound system, and the plane of the luminous signs of the illumination indicator is combined with the back focus of the wraparound system system and with the objective plane of the eyepiece, but in contrast to the known optical scheme of the prototype, a spectrodividing cube is installed between the lens and the grid, the spectrodividing plane of which is made in the form of a diagonal face so that the grid, the wrapping system, the illuminating indicator, and the eyepiece work in a passing beam, and a negative lens is installed in the beam reflected from the spectrodividing plane, forming together with the input lens an afocal optical system, quarter waves The first phase plate is made of quartz, a polarizing cube splitter separating the emitting and receiving channels of the range finder and set to a position where its reflecting face is parallel to the spectro-splitting plane of the spectro-splitting cube, and two identical positive focusing lenses forming the same equivalent focal length of the laser emitting and receiving channels range finder, after each of which there is a laser emitter or laser receiver.

The described optical design of a single-pupil sight with a laser rangefinder is shown in figure 1.

The design parameters of the optical design of a single-pupil sight with a laser rangefinder are shown in table 1.

The parameters of this embodiment of a single-pupil sight with a laser rangefinder:

Visual sighting channel:

- increase 6 times - angular field of view 6.8 ° - linear magnitude of the field of view with an aiming distance of 100 m 11.8 mm - resolution limit 10 ang. from - diameter of the entrance pupil 48 mm - exit pupil diameter 8 mm - exit pupil removal 50 mm

Rangefinder Channel:

- estimated wavelength 0.905 μm - focal length 101.19 mm - back focal segment 10.35 mm - diameter of the output (input) window 48 mm

The system includes a lens 1, a spectrodividing cube 2, an aiming reticle 3, a wraparound system 4, an illumination indicator 5, an eyepiece 6, a negative lens 7, a quartz quarter-wave plate 8, a polarizing cube splitter 9, positive focusing lenses 10 and 10 ′, a laser emitter 11 and a laser receiver 12.

In the above system, the polarization splitter is implemented in the form of a prism-cube, consisting of two rectangular prisms in contact with each other by inclined faces, on one of which a multilayer film is formed. The splitter has the ability to pass, without attenuation, a component of polarized radiation parallel to the plane of incidence (P-component, in which the electric field vector E lies in the plane of incidence), and to reflect inclined edges of the prisms component perpendicular to the plane of incidence (S-component, in which the electric field vector E is orthogonal to the plane of incidence), and a multilayer film enhances the splitting effect.

The spectro-dividing cube is implemented as a prism-cube, consisting of two rectangular prisms in contact with inclined faces, on one of which a multilayer film is formed that passes only the visible component of the spectral range and reflects the part of the spectrum corresponding to the working spectral range of the laser emitter of the range finder.

The principle of operation of a single-pupil sight with a laser rangefinder is as follows.

For visual sighting channel

Rays of light from the target pass through the lens 1, the spectrodividing cube 2 and are focused in the plane of the aiming marks of the aiming grid 3, forming an inverted image of the target, then the joint image of the target and the aiming signs of the grid 3 are turned over by the wrapping system 4 and focused in the plane of the glowing signs of the illumination indicator 5, after whereby the combined image of the target, sighting signs and luminous signs of the luminous indicator are examined by the eye of the observer through the eyepiece 6.

For laser rangefinder

The linearly polarized radiation from the emitter 11 is collimated by the positive lens 10, changing the initial divergence to a divergence close to zero. The beam of radiation of small divergence falls on a specific way oriented splitter 9, which completely transmits transmitted radiation with a direction of linear polarization parallel to the plane of incidence, then passes through a quartz quarter-wave plate 8, which changes linear polarization to circular, and after the afocal nozzle consisting of a negative lens 7 and lens 1 and allows you to create a given size of the radiation spot, hits the target. In the light rays reflected from the target, the form of polarization is preserved, but the direction of rotation of the electric field vector is reversed. In this case, when passing back through the afocal nozzle, consisting of a lens 1 and a negative lens 7, and secondly entering a quarter-wave plate 8, the radiation changes the circular polarization to linear, but with a direction perpendicular to the direction of the beam emerging from the laser emitter (perpendicular to the plane of incidence) . The orientation of the splitter 9 excludes the passage of a beam with a changed direction of polarization, therefore, the radiation is completely reflected from the inclined inner face of the polarizing cube-splitter and is focused by the 10 ′ lens on the radiation receiver 12, practically not reaching the laser emitter 11. Moreover, the power of the reflected laser radiation incident on a photodetector that converts light energy into electrical energy will be proportional to the reflection coefficient of the beam splitting surface for orientated laser beams s perpendicular to the plane of incidence.

Thus, the proposed optical system makes it possible to solve the tasks of carrying out targeted shooting and ranging with minimal energy loss when all working radiation beams pass through a single input window and allows for more compact dimensions of the shooting sight, as well as its ease of use.

Claims (1)

A single-pupil sight with a laser range finder, comprising one combined channel containing a sequentially mounted lens, an aiming reticle, a lens wraparound system, an illumination indicator and an eyepiece, the plane of the reticle signs aligned with the rear focus of the lens and the front focus of the lens wraparound system, and the plane luminous signs of the luminal indicator combined with the back focus of the wrapping system and with the objective plane of the eyepiece, characterized in that in it between the lens A spectrodividing cube is installed with a mesh and a grid, the spectrodividing plane of which is made in the form of a diagonal face so that the grid, the wrapping system, the illumination indicator and the eyepiece work in the transmitted beam, and a negative lens is installed in the beam reflected from the spectrodividing plane, which forms together with the input afocal optical system, a quarter-wave quartz phase plate, a polarizing cube-splitter separating the transmitting and receiving channels of the rangefinder and mounted in a position in which its reflecting face is parallel to the plane spektrodelitelnoy spektrodelitelnogo cube, and two identical positive focusing lens, forming the same focal length and receiving paths radiating a laser rangefinder, after each of which are arranged the laser transmitter and the laser receiver.