RU2507731C2 - Machine for preparation of soil for combine harvesting potatoes - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agricultural machinery industry, in particular, to machines for preparation of soil plough layer for combine harvesting potatoes. The machine comprises a frame, bearing-gauge rollers, digging down working element, rod elevators, a transverse conveyor and clod-crushing device. The clod-breaking device consists of knifes in the form of blades located on a shaft. The shaft rotates in the bearing and is fixed with a spring.

EFFECT: invention provides increased efficiency in crushing clods of soil.

2 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to machines for preparing arable soil horizon for harvesting potatoes.

A known machine for preparing the field for planting and harvesting potatoes, the crushing device of which has on the shaft sections of discs with knives fixed to them [1].

The disadvantage of this device is the low efficiency of grinding and crumbling soil.

Of the known technical solutions, the closest in technical essence is a machine for soil preparation and combine harvesting of potatoes, consisting of a frame, supporting and copying rollers, a digging tool, rod elevators and a cross conveyor [2]. Moreover, it is equipped with a lump-breaking device made in the form of two sections symmetrically and mirrored on the shaft relative to the longitudinal axis of the machine. Each section consists of parallel disks mounted at an angle to the axis of rotation of the shaft; knives are pivotally mounted on each disk. The distance between the blades of the blades of adjacent discs is equal to 1.5 distances between the bars of the elevator. The ratio between the length of the knife and the distance from the axis of rotation of the shaft to the axis of the hinge of the knife mounting is in the range of 2.3-2.5. The destructive device is installed with the possibility of height adjustment.

The disadvantage of this technical solution is the low efficiency of crumbling lumps of soil due to the fact that the knives of the lump-breaking device in the process of contact with lumps of soil only partially destroy them, and partially shift them in the direction of movement.

The present invention is aimed at improving the efficiency of crumbling lumps of soil moving along the elevator of the machine.

The essence of the effectiveness of the destruction of soil lumps is due to the fact that the machine has two independent from each other and symmetrically located relative to the longitudinal axis of the machine sections of the lump-breaking device containing blades in the form of blades located on a shaft rotating in the bearing and fixed by a spring.

This is achieved by the fact that in the machine for preparing the soil for harvesting potatoes, including a frame, track-rollers, a digging tool, bar elevators, a cross conveyor and a crushing device, each section of the crushing device consists of knives attached to the shaft, on the other the end of which is screwed into the sleeve, fixing the spring, the other end of which abuts against the bearing.

Figure 1 shows a machine for preparing soil for harvesting potatoes, figure 2 is the same top view, figure 3 shows a lump-breaking device - the main view, figure 4 is the same top view.

The field preparation machine includes frame 1; backup rollers 2; digging working body 3; rod elevator 4, above which a lump-breaking device 5 is installed, consisting of sections 6 and 7 symmetrically located relative to the longitudinal axis of the machine. Each section of the lump-breaking device consists of knives 8, attached to the shaft 9, on the other end of which a sleeve 10 is screwed, fixing the spring 11, the other end of which abuts against the bearing 12.

The machine operates to prepare the soil for harvesting potatoes as follows.

When the machine moves, a digging-in working body 3, mounted on a frame 1 connected to the supporting-rollers 2, cuts the soil formation and transfers it to the elevator 4, where the soil lumps are separated and crumbled by a lump-breaking device 5. Depending on the thickness and width of the formation, the operator controls the left and right sections in the horizontal plane, while regulating the necessary crumbling of the soil. Knives 8, thanks to the shaft 9, rotating, cut the soil into the necessary fractions. The speed of rotation of the shaft 9 depends on the moisture of the soil and the translational velocity of the formation by the elevator 4.

This design of the lump-breaking device 5 also makes it possible to arrange sections 6 and 7 sequentially, in this operating mode, the soil is crushed by the operator, for example, 6 sections, by rotating the knives clockwise, and then by processing the 7 sections, rotating the knives counterclockwise.

Laboratory studies of a prototype machine for soil preparation and combine harvesting potatoes with the proposed design of a lump-breaking device showed its higher efficiency compared to known technical solutions.

Information sources:

1. A.S. USSR, No. 697072, MKI ³ A01B 43/00, 1979.

2. A.S. No. 1426483. MKI ³ A01B 49/02. A machine for preparing a field for planting and harvesting potatoes / Petrov GD, Sorokin A.A., Alferov G.S., Gadzhiev P.I., Kim G.D., Makhlin B.E. - No. 4232394 / 30-15; Stated March 23, 87; Publ. 09/30/88; Bull. Number 36.

Claims (2)

1. A machine for preparing soil for harvesting potatoes, including a frame, track-rollers, digging tool, bar elevators, cross conveyor and lump-breaking device, characterized in that the machine has a lump-breaking device consisting of knives in the form of blades located on a shaft rotating in a bearing and locked by a spring. 2. The machine according to claim 1, characterized in that each section of the lump-breaking device consists of knives attached to the shaft, at the other end of which a sleeve is fixed that fixes the spring, the other end of which abuts against the bearing.

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