RU2445757C1 - Chunks breaking device machine for preparation of soil for combine harvesting of potato - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: device is constituted of two symmetric, and located in inversed manner relative to the longitudinal axis of the machine sections of the working body. Each working body of the section is made in the form of a disk with gimbal-mounted blades on it. The front edge of the blade is beveled toward the direction of rotation of the disk. The middle part of a blade is connected tangentially to the outer surface of the disc with a spring, occasionally elongated when beveled surface of the blade with a pin fixed on the machine case. The pin is mounted so that it can move along an arc of 0° … 90° of a circle with a radius greater than the radius of the disk by the departure of blades over its surface.

EFFECT: constructive implementation will ensure the destruction of the chunks of land moving up with elevator into smaller fractions.

3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to machines for preparing arable soil horizon for harvesting potatoes.

A known machine [1] for the preparation of a field for planting and harvesting potatoes, the crushing device of which has disk sections on the shaft with knives fixed to them.

The disadvantage of this device is the low efficiency of grinding and crumbling soil.

Of the known technical solutions, the closest in technical essence is [2] a lump-breaking device of a machine for preparing soil for harvesting potatoes, consisting of sections symmetrically and mirror-positioned relative to the longitudinal axis of the machine, consisting of disks mounted at an angle α to the axis of rotation of the shaft of which the knives are pivotally fixed, and the distance between the blades of the knives is equal to 1.5 clearance between adjacent bars of the elevator, and the ratio between the length of the knife and the distance from the axis of rotation of the dis and to the axis of articulation of the knife is in the range 2.3-2.5. In this case, the lumping device is installed with the possibility of adjusting it in height using, for example, an adjustment mechanism.

The disadvantage of this device is the low efficiency of crumbling lumps of soil due to the dependence of the process of their destruction on the speed of rotation of the disks of the lump-breaking device, the knives of which during contact with the lumps partially destroy and partially shift them in the direction of rotation.

The present invention is aimed at improving the efficiency of crumbling lumps of soil. Essence: the destruction of lumps of soil occurs due to the impact of knives on the blades of the lumps of the lumping device on them due to the return of the pre-stretched springs connecting the knives to the disks to their original state, while the beveled blades of the knives increase the time and area of their contact with the lumps of soil during the destruction process.

This is achieved by the fact that in the lump-breaking device of the machine for preparing the soil for harvesting potatoes, made in the form of two sections of working bodies symmetrically and mirror-positioned relative to the longitudinal axis of the machine, each working body of the section is made in the form of a disk with knives pivotally mounted on it, according to of the invention, the leading edge of the knife is beveled towards the direction of rotation of the disk, and its middle is tangentially connected to the outer surface of the disk by a spring, periodically stretching my contact the tapered surface of the knife a pin fixed to the machine body to be movable along an arc of 0 ... 90 ° circle of radius greater than the radius of the disk by an amount of departure of knives on its surface. In this case, the contact of the knife with the lump of soil occurs by impact due to the return of the previously extended spring to its original state, and the beveled blade of the knife increases the time and area of its contact with the lump in the process of destruction.

The implementation of the lump-breaking device of the machine for soil preparation and harvesting of potatoes of the proposed design ensures the destruction of the lumps of soil moving along the elevator of the machine into smaller fractions in comparison with the known technical solutions.

Figure 1 (one spring is shown) schematically shows a lump-breaking device of a machine for preparing soil for harvesting potatoes, which contains:

1 - disk;

2-shaft;

3 - hinge;

4 - knife;

5 - spring;

6 - a pin.

Figure 2 (the same notation) shows the initial state of the device - the spring is undeformed (figure 2, a), and the position when the spring 5 is stretched (figure 2, b).

The lump-breaking device of the machine for preparing the soil for harvesting potatoes consists of disks 1 mounted on a shaft 2, with knives 4 placed on hinges 3, the middle of which is connected to one end of the springs 5, the other end of which is fixed on the outer surface of the disk 1 in this way that the line drawn through the attachment points of the springs 5 forms a tangent to the surface of the disk 1. The knives 4, when the disk 1 is rotated, periodically rest with a beveled surface on a pin 6 mounted on the machine body and stretch the springs 5. Pr and this, at the end of the contact of the beveled surface of the knives 4 with the pin 6, the stretched springs 5 return to their original undeformed state. The pin 6 has the ability to move along an arc 0 ... 90 ° of a circle with a radius exceeding the radius of the disk 1 by the amount of departure of the knives 4 above its surface.

Works lump-breaking device of the machine for preparing the soil for harvesting potatoes as follows.

When rotating the disks 1, mounted on the shaft 2, the knives 4 placed on the hinges 3 of the disks 1 periodically contact with the pin 6 with their beveled surface. In this case, the initially undeformed springs 5 connecting the middle of the knives with the outer surface of the disk 1 tangentially stretch. When the springs 5 are stretched, an elastic force F _yields ≠ 0, which tends to return the springs 5 to their original state. As the disk 1 rotates, the contact of the beveled surface of the knives 4 with the pin 6 is completed and the springs 5 are returned to their original state. The shock generated by the springs 5 is transmitted to soil lumps moving along the elevator of the machine (not shown in the figures). The force of impact of knives on a lump of soil can be changed by changing the coefficient of elasticity of the springs 5, as well as by moving the pin 6 along the arc within the range of 0 ... 90 ° of the circumference of the disk 1. The radius of the circumference of the movement of the pin 6 relative to the disk 1 is selected based on the condition of the absence of direct contact of the knives 4 with a machine elevator.

Laboratory studies of a prototype lump-breaking device of the machine for preparing the soil for harvesting potatoes showed its higher efficiency compared to the prototype.

Information sources

1. A.S. USSR, No. 697072, MKI ³ A01B 43/00, 1979.

2. A.S. No. 1426483, MKI ³ A01B 49/02. Machine for preparing fields for planting and harvesting potatoes. / Petrov G.D., Sorokin A.A., Alferov G.S., Gadzhiev P.I., Kim G.D., Makhlin B.E. - No. 4232394 / 30-15; Stated March 23, 87; Publ. 09/30/88; Bull. Number 36.

Claims (1)

Lump-breaking device of the machine for preparing the soil for harvesting potatoes, made in the form of two sections of working bodies symmetrically and mirror-positioned relative to the longitudinal axis of the machine, each working body of the section being made in the form of a disk with knives pivotally mounted on it, characterized in that the front edge of the knife beveled towards the direction of rotation of the disk, and its middle is tangentially connected to the outer surface of the disk by a spring, periodically stretched by contact of the beveled surface AWO with a pin fixed to the machine body to be movable along the arc 0 ° ... 90 ° circle of radius greater than the radius of the disk by an amount of departure of knives on its surface.

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