RU2738899C1 - Working element for surface treatment of soil - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the agriculture. Working element for surface treatment of soil consists of ploughshare, behind which is rigidly installed plank with oral shoes, attached to post by means of brackets bracket in upper part and bolted joint in lower part. Plank with perks is installed at level of depth of tillage.

EFFECT: higher level of moisture in the treated layer by creating capillaries in the lower level compaction zone.

1 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural engineering, in particular to the working bodies of tillage machines.

Known lancet paw, containing the shank of the paw attachment, paw wings with an inner working surface and an outer working surface. On the outer working surface, electric arc surfacing is made in the form of side beads parallel to each other, deposited at an angle α = 12-17 degrees to the axis of symmetry, which coincides with the direction of movement "S" of the duckfoot paw. The side rollers are made of the same size, 30-50 mm long, 3-4 mm high, 5-7 mm wide, and are located at the same distance from each other with a step of 2-4 mm. On the nose of the paw, a central roller with a layer width of 10-14 mm is located in the direction of movement of the lancet paw (RU, patent No. 154852, publ. 09/10/2015. Bull. No. 5).

The disadvantage of the described lancet paw is mixing of soil layers, leading to a decrease in its moisture content.

Known cultivator working body, containing a stand and fixed on it a pointed share (RU, Patent for utility model No. 100695, publ. 27.12.2010). The working body of the cultivator, containing a stand and a lancet share fixed on it, a dump made in the form of a freely mounted on an axis with the possibility of adjusting the angular position relative to the direction of movement of the disc, as well as a bracket, characterized in that the disc is mounted on an additional stand, consisting of two parts connected by round plates with slots, and the plates are installed perpendicular to the additional rack, symmetrically relative to its center, and radial slots are made on the disk, which are at an equal distance.

The disadvantage is that after the passage of such a working body, the moist soil is brought to the day surface, the bottom of the groove behind the plowshare stand is exposed, which leads to additional energy consumption and an increase in evaporated soil moisture.

Known energy-saving lancet paw, including a lancet share, the cutting part of which is made in the form of a flat knife, a rack, to which a curvilinear head is fixed. Energy-saving duckfoot share, including a lancet share, a stand with a headstock, characterized in that the lancet share is made in the form of a flat lancet knife, while on top of it there is a plate with a stand, to which a curvilinear head is fixed. The naralnik extends in the vertical plane beyond the flat pointed knife, while the lower part of the shaft is sharpened, and the upper part is connected to the rack by means of a hook (RU, Patent for utility model No. 142731, publ. 27.06.2014).

To the disadvantages of the energy-saving duckfoot share, the stand forms a groove, which reduces soil moisture.

Known two-tier soil-cultivating lancet share, containing fixed on its rack and located above each other cutting parts. The upper cutting part is a ploughshare made in the form of an isosceles triangle for cutting the above-ground part of the weeds and leveling the soil surface. The upper cutting part has a curved lip in the front part, the upper part of which is made along the Mobius surface, and along the rear part there are spring teeth. The lower cutting part is made in the form of a tillage lancet share equipped with a tip fixed on its toe. The toe of the lower lancet share is displaced backward from 60 to 70 mm relative to the toe of the upper share. The upper and lower shares are sharpened, while the upper share is thinner. The upper share has a blade opening angle of 60 °, and the lower share - 70 °. The upper ploughshare is made with the ability to move up and down the rack (RU, patent No. 2623481, publ. 06/26/2017. Bull. No. 18).

The disadvantage of the two-tier tillage lancet share is that the teeth of the upper ploughshare are enveloped with the remnants of the root system, which is trapped between the lower and upper tiers. This will lead to a decrease in the quality of soil leveling, and, consequently, to a decrease in soil moisture.

Known lancet paw of the cultivator contains interconnected base paws, nose, nose bolts, blades and blade bolts. The arrow paw is made collapsible with the ability to change the angle of attack. At the base of the paw, a longitudinal through hole is symmetrically made with a groove for the bolt heads with the possibility of limited movement of the nose relative to the base of the paw and fixing it in the longitudinal through hole. Provides a quick change in the angle of attack of each cultivator paw, a significant extension of the operating time of the paw base, differentiation of replacement, if necessary, of worn-out working bodies, the versatility of using the cultivator without rearranging and replacing working bodies (RU, patent No. 2623042, publ. 06.21.2017. Bulletin . No. 18).

The disadvantage of the aforementioned duckfoot paw is the possibility of displacement of the working elements in the region of the longitudinal opening with instant increases in loads on them, which will lead to changes in their settings, and, consequently, to a decrease in the quality of soil cultivation.

A lancet tillage share was chosen as the prototype. It has a crumbling angle of 18 ° and a grip width of 270 ... 330 mm (Kholansky VM, Gorbachev IV Agricultural machines. - M .: Kolos, 2006. P.73 ... 75).

The disadvantages of the lancet tillage share include the fact that after processing the level of soil moisture in the processing zone decreases.

The problem to be solved by the claimed invention is to increase soil moisture after processing.

The technical result is an increase in the level of moisture in the treated layer due to the creation of capillaries in the sealing zone of the lower level.

The specified technical result is achieved by a working body for surface soil cultivation, made in the form of a lancet paw, including a ploughshare, a stand, a bar with a head, attached to the stand with a bracket in the upper part and a bolted connection at the bottom with the help of bars.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

FIG. 1 working body for surface tillage, side view.

FIG. 2 working body for surface tillage, rear view.

FIG. 3 - a working body for surface tillage, top view.

The working body for surface tillage consists of a ploughshare 1, a post 2, a strip 3 with a headstock 4, attached to the post 2 by means of strips 5 with a bracket 6 in the upper part and a bolt connection 7 in the lower part.

The technological process of the working body for surface tillage is carried out as follows.

In the process of cultivation, the working body for surface tillage of the cultivator moves in the upper layer of the earth, with the working edges of the share 1 cuts weeds and loosens the soil.

The top layer of soil and cut weeds move along the plowshare 1 of the working body for surface tillage, then, passing along the upper part of the plank 3 with the bushings 4, it is laid in an even layer on the surface of the field. Due to the rigid attachment to the rack 2 by strips 5 with the help of a bracket 6 in its upper part and a bolt connection 7 in the lower part, the plank 3 with the tails 4 is held in the plane of tillage, copying the relief. Due to this, the lower soil layer of the cultivated area is compacted with the 4-piece, which allows moisture to be drawn from deeper layers.

Thus, the claimed design of the working body for surface soil cultivation makes it possible to increase the moisture level in the treated layer by creating capillaries in the compaction zone of the lower level.

Claims (1)

A working body for surface tillage, consisting of a share, a stand, characterized in that, in addition, behind the share, a bar with tines is rigidly installed, attached to the stand by means of slats with a bracket in the upper part and a bolt connection at the bottom, while the bar with trallers is set at the level depth of tillage.

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