RU2504528C1 - Ceramic mixture for making facing tile - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to compositions of ceramic mixtures for making facing tile. The ceramic mixture contains the following components, wt %: clay - 5.0-10.,0; diopside - 75.0-85.0; liquid glass - 10.0-15.0. The diopside has particle size of 150 mcm.

EFFECT: high frost resistance and reduced shrinkage of articles.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of technology of silicates and relates to compositions of ceramic masses that can be used for the manufacture of tiles.

A known mixture for the manufacture of ceramic wall and facing products comprising the following components, wt.%: Sodium sulfate ten-water 1.0-3.0, lime 1.0-2.0, silica - the rest (RF patent No. 2085541 C1, priority date 26.04 .1993, publication date 07/27/1997, authors Gladkikh Yu.P. et al., RU).

A disadvantage of the known analogue is the high water absorption of 13-16.5%.

A known composition used for the manufacture of facial ceramics, containing, wt.%: Carbonized loam - 94.0-97.0; sulfate soap - 3.0-6.0 (RF patent No. 2317275 C1, priority date 07.17.2006, publication date 02/20/2008, authors Lokhov N.A. et al., RU).

The disadvantage of an analogue is low frost resistance and high water absorption.

Known ceramic mass for the manufacture of plates, adopted as a prototype, including diopside, aegirine concentrate, water glass and clay in the following ratio of components, wt.%: Diopside - 1-85; aegirine concentrate - 1-85; liquid glass - 1-10; clay - 5-50 (RF patent No. 2072337 C1, priority date 08/17/1993, publication date 1/27/1997, authors Nazimova E.K. et al., RU, prototype).

The disadvantage of the prototype is a high rate of shrinkage - 0.10-0.40%.

The objective of the invention is to increase frost resistance and reduce shrinkage of products.

To solve the problem, the ceramic mass for the manufacture of tiles, including diopside, clay and water glass, according to the invention, contains a diopside with a dispersion of 150 microns in the following ratio of components, wt.%: Diopside of the specified dispersion - 75.0-85.0; clay -5.0-10.0; liquid glass - 10.0-15.0.

The chemical composition of the components used in the compositions of the proposed raw material mixtures are shown in table 1.

Table 1 The chemical composition of the components Mass fraction,% Diopside SiO ₂ TU ₂ A1 ₂ O ₃ Fe ₂ O ₃ CaO MgO Na ₂ O K ₂ O 54.41 0.01 1,2 0.65 26.21 17.31 0.17 0.04 Clay 73.16 0.6 21.31 1.40 0.51 1.01 - 2.01 Liquid glass 74.7 - - - - - 25.3 -

Diopside is an enrichment product of the Burutuiskoye field of the Slyudyansk group of the South Baikal region. The content of diopside in the product reaches 80%. The main impurity minerals include quartz. In studies, a concentrate with a dispersion of 150 microns was used.

Liquid glass was used as a technological bond in the molding of products and as a component that activates the sintering of ceramic masses.

Clay was introduced into the compositions to increase ductility during the molding of products.

The compositions of the proposed ceramic mass are shown in table 2.

table 2 The composition of the studied ceramic masses,% Component Weight designation one 2 3 four Diopside dispersion 150 microns 75 80 80 85 Kompanovskaya clay 10 10 5 - Liquid glass fifteen 10 fifteen fifteen

Ceramic mass for the manufacture of tiles is obtained by the following technology. Press components with a moisture content of 10% are prepared from the components, of which samples are pressed in a semi-dry manner at a specific pressure of 20 MPa. The obtained raw material is dried at a temperature of 100-110 ° C and fired at 1000-1100 ° C.

Example 1. Prepare a ceramic mass containing diopside with a dispersion of 150 microns, Kompanova clay, water glass in the following proportions, wt.%: Diopside - 80.0; kompanovskaya clay - 10.0; liquid glass - 10.0.

Physico-mechanical properties of the tiles are shown in table 3.

From table 3 it follows that the use of the invention allows to obtain ceramic products from low-mass masses using diopside dispersion of 150 microns with high physical and mechanical properties and low fire shrinkage. The introduction into the ceramic mass of diopside with a fineness of less than or more than 150 microns leads to a decrease in the strength characteristics of the sample and an increase in its water absorption.

The technical result is that a ceramic mass containing 75-85% of diopside with a dispersion of 150 microns, in a composition with liquid glass 10-15% and clay 5-10%, provides non-shrinking sintering of the material up to 1200 ° C. Moreover, water absorption after firing 1000-1050 ° C does not exceed 6%, the bending strength is 17-18 MPa, and frost resistance exceeds 50 cycles.

Slight shrinkage is due to the fact that during sintering, along with the appearance of the liquid phase, due to the melting of clay minerals (albite) and liquid glass, diopside crystals are observed to grow. This ensures the formation of the structure of the formation of a rigid frame, preserving the linear dimensions of the sample during heat treatment. This result is achieved by introducing a diopside dispersion of 150 microns. The structure of a ceramic crock thus created, combined with a glass phase and a needle-like construction of diopside, allows to obtain products with high physical and mechanical properties, low shrinkage and high frost resistance.

Claims (1)

Ceramic mass for the manufacture of tiles, including diopside, clay and water glass, characterized in that it contains diopside with a dispersion of 150 microns in the following ratio of components, wt.%:
Specified Diopside 75.0-85.0 Clay 5.0-10.0 Liquid glass 10.0-15.0