RU2503165C2 - Method of non-contact vibro-application of seeds and fertilisers and device for its implementation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: method comprises treating the soil and application of seeds and mineral fertilisers. Both layers of the soil between the fertilisers and the seeds and between the seeds and the surface of the field are rolled down simultaneously at different depths and with different soil compaction under impact of corresponding coordinated modes of oscillation frequency of each of the vibratory system rollers. The method is carried out with a device that comprises a hopper, fertiliser hoses and seed-ducts for fertiliser and seed application, and rollers. The soil treatment is carried out by extirpatory hoe. The rollers have different diameters and are interconnected by the lever with different arms. The latter is mounted on the pivot of the hydraulic vibrating machine with the ability of its adjustment. The fertiliser hoses are mounted in front of and below the roller of small diameter, packing the bed for the seeds. The seed-ducts are located behind the small diameter roller of the vibro-system to provide seeding of the required dose of material directly to the seedbed. The roller of the larger diameter is mounted on the surface of the field with the ability of compacting.

EFFECT: inventions provide a different density of layers of the soil and creation of the seedbed, which enables the seeds sown to access the nutrition layer of fertiliser immediately after germination.

2 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, namely to agricultural production, and can be used for non-contact sowing of seeds and fertilizers.

A known method of sowing grain [RU 2099918 C1, A01C 7/00, 12/27/1997]. The essence of the invention is as follows: the soil for sowing is preliminarily prepared to a depth of 15-17 cm. Next, the combined working body of the seeder conducts variable sowing of seed tapes together with the starting dose of fertilizers. The coulters moving in between the tapes form grooves of 6-8 cm deep, at the bottom of which a vertical slot is made to a depth of 15-17 cm, where the main dose of fertilizers is portioned and wedged in the soil in the form of an intermittent vertical tape. Soil extracted during the formation of furrows, seed tapes are covered with a starting dose of fertilizers. Sowing seeds and starter fertilizers on the walls of the furrows, which are below the level of seed tapes with a starting dose. Compaction of the soil above the tape, its partial pouring into the furrow and compaction of the walls of the furrows.

The disadvantage of this method is that the main dose of fertilizer for the seeds is not applied, and the deepening of the soil to 15-17 cm in the row spacing of 30 cm wide, and not in the row in this case is uneconomical, since not all plant roots reach these rows.

A known method of sowing crops [RU 2219695 C2, A01C 7/00, A01B 79/02, 05/20/2001]. The method includes forming a ridge profile of the soil, laying on top of the crests of seeds, embedding them under the mulching layer, and applying fertilizers to the lateral surfaces of the crest profile to the left and right of the row to a different depth, starting 1-2 cm below the seeds. An erosion relief is formed on the surface of the latter in the form of trapezoidal grooves located at an angle to the rows of sown seeds.

A device for implementing this method is known, including a tillage device — an anchor opener, a hopper, fertilizer and seed tubes, for fertilizing and seeds, rollers.

By properties and features, this method and device for its implementation are closest to the proposed technical solution and are taken as a prototype.

The disadvantage of this method and device is the lack of control of the depth of seeding of seeds and fertilizers, in which their possible connection leads to chemical injury to the epidermis of the seeds, and later fertilizers do not penetrate the growing roots of the germinated seeds, the stubble is destroyed.

The objective of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the method of non-contact application of seeds and fertilizers, which is realized by creating a compacted soil layer between them by planting fertilizers directly below the compacted with a higher density soil layer with a small diameter roller vibrating system that creates the seed bed of seeds, and rolling the surface soil layer over the seeds with less the density of the vibratory system’s large-diameter roller, and the different densities of the rolling layers of the soil are created by the transmission of pulses s on raznoplechy lever.

The task is achieved by the fact that both layers of soil between fertilizers and seeds and between seeds and the surface of the field roll simultaneously at different depths and with different compaction of the soil under the influence of the coordinated modes of vibration frequency of each of the rollers of the vibrosystem; rollers of the vibrosystem of larger and smaller diameters are interconnected by a different-arm lever mounted on the hinge of the hydraulic vibrator with the possibility of its adjustment to ensure the transfer of various vibration effects on them, and the fertilizer pipelines are installed in front and below the roller of small diameter of the vibro-system, which rolls the seed bed for seeds, and seed tubes for seeds are located behind the roller of small diameter vibrosystem to ensure the sowing of the required dose of material directly on the seed Auger, while the roller of a larger diameter vibro-system is mounted on the surface of the field with the possibility of rolling.

The invention is illustrated by the following drawings:

figure 1 shows a device for implementing a method of non-contact vibration of seeds and fertilizers;

figure 2 shows a view A (figure 1) of the design of a different lever in the area of the roller of small diameter in two projections: a is a front view; b - side view.

The device contains an extrapator paw 1 (Fig.1-2), mounted on a rack 2, in the housing of which there is a fertilizer duct 3 and the seed tube 4 connected to the hopper 5. A different arm 6 is mounted pivotally to the housing of the device, on which a hydraulic vibrating machine 7 connected with a tractor hydraulic system, a compactor of small diameter vibro-system 8, and also a large-diameter compactor of vibro-system 9.

A device for implementing the method of non-contact vibration of seeds and fertilizers works as follows.

The extensor paw 1 moves at a given depth, forming a furrow. A fertilizer dose is sown from the hopper 5 through the piping 3 to the bottom of the furrow, after which the lower soil layer is rolled by a roller with a small diameter of the vibrating system 8. A dose of seed is fed through the seed tube 4 from the hopper 5 through the seed roller, the field surface behind it is rolled by a large-diameter roller of the vibrosystem 9. Both rollers, interconnected by a different-arm lever 6, with a hydraulic vibrator 7 mounted on it, connected to the tractor hydraulic system, receive a vibration effect of a certain frequency to ensure cheniya different seals each of the layers of soil.

The application of the proposed method and device for its implementation improves the efficiency of non-contact application of seeds and fertilizers due to the use of a vibro system with simultaneous rolling of both soil layers of different densities and the creation of a sowing bed, which allows the sown seeds to gain access to the fertilizing layer of fertilizers immediately after germination.

Claims (2)

1. The method of non-contact vibration introduction of seeds and fertilizers, including tillage, applying seeds and mineral fertilizers, characterized in that both layers of soil between fertilizers and seeds and between seeds and the surface of the field are rolled simultaneously at different depths and with different compaction of the soil under the influence of the coordinated modes of the oscillation frequency of each of the rollers of the vibrosystem. 2. A device for non-contact application of seeds and fertilizers, comprising a tillage device, a hopper, fertilizer lines and seed tubes for applying fertilizers and seeds, and rollers, characterized in that the soil is processed by an extirpator paw, while the rollers of the larger and smaller diameters are interconnected by different a lever mounted on the hinge of a hydraulic vibrator with the ability to adjust it to ensure the transmission of various vibrational effects on them, and the ductwork for fertilizers Credited front of and below the roller of small diameter vibratory, packer seedbed for seed and seed vas efferens arranged for small vibratory roller diameter to ensure the required dose of seeding material directly with the seedbed, the larger diameter roller is mounted on a vibratory surface, with field soil packing.

Images