RU2494277C2 - Method of fuel feed control and device to this end - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: engines and pumps.

SUBSTANCE: proposed device comprises atomiser with two-position valve with spring-loaded stem articulated with fast-operation reversing drive, control chamber connected via release valve with external tank and via feed valve and throttle with high-pressure line and high-pressure fuel pump, needle interacting with said control chamber from above and communicated with high-pressure line from below, sprayer with one level or orifices, high-pressure fuel pump, all being communicated hydraulically. It has separate fuel pump driven by camshaft engaged with crankshaft, separate hydraulic accumulator connected with separate fuel pump at inlet and atomiser pump at outlet and with atomiser chamber above and under the needle via feed valve of two-position valve and with low-pressure hydraulic accumulator via said chamber above the needle. Separate high-pressure accumulator is connected via high-pressure control valve with high-pressure accumulator. Slide valve of two-position valve and their seats have taper shutoff surface. Every said slide valve is articulated with fast-operation reversing mechanical drive for linear displacement of said slide valve. Said drive has at least one plate for one cylinder with convex permanent-radius definite-length surface at one end, the shaft articulated with crankshaft with at least one shaped cam with at least one micro shape at every said shaped cam. Said micro shapes have leading edge parallel with needle axis and trailing edge parallel with plate end convex surface skew in adjustment of injection interval. Convex surface of every plate has one or several skews over its width. Every plate can displace along stem axis and those of slide valve and needle and is connected either directly or via displacement multiplier with spring-loaded stem and via it with slide valve of two-position valve. Every plate can displace in the plane perpendicular or inclined to needle and stem axes and is splined to stem relative to which displaces the plate.

EFFECT: maximum indicated efficiency, minimized control fuel consumption, lower costs.

2 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to a device for controlling the supply of fuel for internal combustion engines - diesel engines (hereinafter ICE), in stationary installations with high power diesel engines and mobile vehicles, on tractors with any type of transmission, in particular with electric transmission, for implementing a wide range of technologies in rural economy (plowing, threshing rolls with combines, laying rolls with reapers), for road-building machines and technologies implemented with their help, in automobile and railway, and water transport, bro etehnike and engineering machines

From the prior art there is a known way to control the fuel supply (Electro-hydraulic nozzle with a two-position valve. University proceedings Engineering. - 2002 - No. 2, authors S. A. Bogachev, Yu. E. Khryashchev).

This method of controlling the fuel supply, including the operation of moving the on-off valve from the lower extreme position to the upper one, at which the filling valve closes and the discharge valve opens, and the needle moves to the upper position during injection and from the upper extreme position to the lower extreme position, the position at which the filling valve opens and the discharge valve closes, and the needle moves to the lower position when shutting off.

This method is implemented using an electric drive and a piezo drive, which requires additional energy sources on the vehicle and significant energy costs for the implementation of the method, complex schemes for its conversion. Piezo drives have sophisticated technology and ample roads. The movements of the spools are extremely small, therefore, additional movement multipliers for piezo drives are required.

Simple mechanical actuators providing small movements of the spools of on-off valves are absent.

The prior art device for controlling the supply of fuel (prototype) to an internal combustion engine (electro-hydraulic nozzle with a two-position valve. University proceedings. Mechanical engineering. - 2002 - No. 2, authors S. A. Bogachev, Yu. E. Khryashchev).

This is an implementation device for controlling fuel supply, comprising a nozzle with an on-off valve controlled by an electromagnet, with a spring-loaded stem with an annular platform, a separate control chamber, which is connected through a discharge valve with a drain, and through a filling valve and through a throttle with a high pressure line, which locks atomizer element interacting with the control chamber from above and connected to the high pressure line from below, atomizer with one level of openings, containing a two-position first valve with a spring-loaded rod driven by an electromagnet, with a separate control chamber with a plunger that is mechanically connected with the needle and is controlled by the locking element sprayer.

In this device, the needle is not spring-loaded, and the absence of a spring increases the speed of the needle and, as a result, improves the fuel supply due to the formation of steep feed fronts with minimization of losses during transients.

The on-off valve is unloaded from the fuel pressure forces, which positively affects the dynamics of control of the injector shut-off element.

In the device, the locking seats are an ordinary circle on the surface of the valve in its extreme positions and represent a very small contact area, and not a precision cylindrical or conical surface of a greater extent than a thin line on the surface of a two-position valve with an annular platform.

The nozzle allows you to implement a monotonous law due to the fact that the locking element of the nozzle is not spring-loaded and has a natural emphasis, which always exits when high pressure is applied to the locking element from below. Therefore, fuel injection occurs at a constant gap.

At the same time, the electromagnetic actuator, which moves the stem of the on / off valve in speed, is significantly lower than the speed of the atomizer needle.

The use of a quick-acting valve actuator based on a piezoelectric element does not solve the problem of increasing the indicator efficiency especially in powerful diesel engines. It is known that a pack of piezoelectric elements 4 cm long, consisting of 400 plates, gives a valve movement of only 0.1 mm.

The known device with an electric actuator of a two-position valve requires an electric power consumption of up to 3 kW for a diesel engine with a capacity of 100 kW. Therefore, all significant studies on the management of fuel supply are aimed at reducing the energy of fuel supply control.

At the same time, sophisticated devices are needed for energy storage and conversion for short periods of time: injection time, cut-off time, which are calculated in milliseconds and their fractions.

In addition, the piezo drive has a high cost and you need drives that are cheaper, having the same characteristics as the piezo drive in terms of speed.

Fuel supply from the hydraulic accumulator via long pipelines causes wave processes that lead to undesirable pressure fluctuations during fuel supply.

The aim of the invention is to improve the dynamics of fuel supply and increase indicator efficiency, as well as simplifying, increasing reliability and reducing the cost of fuel supply equipment.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the method of controlling the fuel supply, including moving the spool of the on-off valve from the lowest to the highest position, at which the filling valve is closed and the discharge valve is opened during injection, the fuel is fed into the nozzle under the needle, the needle moves to the upper position, the fuel is removed from the chamber above the needle from above and, conversely, the slide valve of the on / off valve is moved from its highest position to its lowest position, at which it opens the filling valve and the discharge valve closes when shutting off, the fuel supply to the chamber above the needle from above, moving the needle to its lowest position, according to the claimed invention, the spring-loaded plunger of the individual fuel pump is moved downward by a profiled cam rotating with a frequency proportional to the crankshaft speed, supply fuel with a high-pressure plunger from an individual fuel pump to an individual high-pressure hydraulic accumulator, and from it to a nozzle into the chamber under the needle when at least one pre-injection of at least one main injection, at least one main injection, after cut-off of the fuel supply after the preliminary injection, main injection, injection after the main, is supplied fuel from an individual hydraulic high-pressure accumulator through the high-pressure control valve to the low-pressure accumulator and to the nozzle chamber above the needle, return the plunger to its upper position with the help of a compressed spring on the rod, supplying fuel to the sub-plunger cavity of the individual fuel pump from the low-pressure accumulator and the fuel tank through pipelines with non-return valves separate for each individual fuel pump, at least one preliminary injection to at least one main injection is simultaneously performed, and at least one injection after at least one main injection, while at each preliminary injection, at each main injection and at each injection after the main t the slide valve of the on-off valve upward mechanically using cams with microprofiles with a given height, rotating with a frequency proportional to the rotational speed of the crankshaft, interacting with the plate kinematically connected to the valve of the on-off valve, open the discharge valve at each injection, close the filling valve of the on-off valve, fuel is supplied from the control chamber above the needle to the low pressure accumulator through the discharge valve; fuel is supplied under the needle when injection from an individual hydraulic accumulator of high pressure during the switching time specified during injections, hold the needle in the upper position when fuel is supplied to the cylinder due to the fuel pressure under the needle and hold the spool of the on / off valve in the upper position for the duration of each injection duration mechanically during the interaction of microprofiles with given height with a convex surface of constant radius at the end of the plate, after the end of each preliminary injection, each main about the injection and each injection after the main one, the spool of the on-off valve is moved to the extreme lower position using a spring, the filling valve of the on-off valve is opened, fuel is supplied at each cut-off from the individual hydraulic high-pressure accumulator through the filling valve to the control chamber above the needle, the nozzle needle is held at the expense of the pressure in the control chamber above the needle and the on-off valve spool due to the spring in the lower extreme position for the time specified at Each cutoff moves a plate that interacts with the microprofiles of injection control along the axis of the camshaft with microprofiles with a running edge of each microprofile parallel to the axis of the camshaft and the runaway edge of each microprofile parallel to the bevel of the convex surface at the end of the plate, manually or automatically change the length of the convex surface along bevel with continuous control and change the duration of each injection.

The implementation of the method allows you to control the on-off valve, as well as the duration of the injection using simple mechanical means.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the fuel supply control device, comprising a nozzle with a two-position valve with a spring-loaded rod connected kinematically with a controlled fast reversing drive, a control chamber that connects via an unloading valve to an external tank, and through a filling valve and through a throttle to a high line pressure and high-pressure fuel pump, a needle that interacts with the control chamber from above and connected to the high pressure line from below, will spray spruce with one hole level, high pressure fuel pump, fuel tank, fuel priming pump, hydraulically interconnected according to the claimed invention, is equipped with an individual fuel pump driven by a cam shaft kinematically connected to the crankshaft, an individual hydraulic accumulator connected hydraulically at the inlet with an individual fuel pump, and at the outlet with the nozzle and with its chamber under the needle and with the chamber above the needle through the on-off filling valve about the valve, which is connected through the discharge valve of the on-off valve to the low-pressure hydraulic accumulator, the individual high-pressure hydraulic accumulator is connected through the high-pressure control valve to the low-pressure hydraulic accumulator, the on-off valve spool and their seats are made with conical locking surfaces, each spool is kinematically connected to fast reversing mechanical drive for linear movement of the spool of one double positioning valve, which is equipped with at least one plate for one cylinder with a constant radius surface convex at one end and a certain length of the convex part, a shaft connected kinematically with the crankshaft, with at least one profiled cam on it with at least one microprofile on each profiled cam, microprofiles are made with a running edge parallel to the axis of the nozzle needle and with a running edge parallel to the bevel of the convex surface of the end of the plate, while adjusting the length Injection method, the convex surface of each plate is made with one or more bevels along its width, each plate is made with the possibility of movement along the axis of the stem and the spool of the on-off valve and needle and is connected directly or through a movement multiplier to the spring-loaded rod and through it with the on-off valve valve, each plate is made with the possibility of movement in a plane perpendicular to or located at an angle to the axis of the needle and rod when controlling the duration of injection, and with unified for this by splined connection with the rod, relative to which the plate moves.

A device for implementing the method is illustrated by drawings:

figure 1 shows a nozzle (longitudinal section) and a two-position valve with conical locking surfaces of the seats;

figure 2 shows the kinematic diagram of a high-speed reversing mechanical valve (BRMP) with linear displacement of the spool for the on-off valve and a fuel injection duration control program located outside the spool on a half-plate with a curved end and with a convex surface of constant radius at the end with a variable injection duration program on them and on profiled cams with program profiles, as well as a spring-loaded stem with spline connection with a plate with the ability to change scheniya plate relative to the rod in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the spring-loaded rod (cross section) or at an angle thereto;

figure 3 shows the kinematic diagram of BRMP with linear displacement of the spool for the on-off valve and a program for controlling the duration of the fuel injection located outside the spool on a half-plate with a curved end and with a convex surface of constant radius at the end with a program of variable duration of injection;

figure 4 shows a block diagram of a fuel supply system with a two-position valve, an individual fuel pump (ITN), an individual high pressure hydraulic accumulator (IHAVD), a nozzle and a low pressure hydraulic accumulator (GAND).

The device in figure 1 consists of: a housing 1, a spray 2 with holes for fuel injection 3, an annular groove 4 in the housing, an annular groove 5 and a radial hole 6 in the needle 7, channel 8 for supplying high pressure fuel (VD); a control chamber 9 (KU 9) above the needle 7, a channel 10 for supplying fuel to the chamber 9, a platform 11 above the needle 7 with a convex surface, a two-position valve with conical locking surfaces of the seats 12 (DPK 12), a movement multiplier 13 (MP 13), springs 14, spool 15 with conical locking surfaces for filling and unloading valves; a cylindrical rod 16 connected to the spool 15; an annular groove 17 in the housing of the KDP 12 relative to the surfaces of the spool 15 and the cylindrical rod 16, the filling valve 18 (NK 18), the discharge valve 19 (PK 19); a channel 20 for supplying high-pressure fuel from the high-pressure fuel injection pump to a high pressure vessel 18 with a throttle in it (the throttle is not shown in FIG. 1); a channel 21 for supplying high-pressure fuel through an annular groove 17 and a channel 10 into the control chamber 9 with an open TC 18 during shutoff; channel 22 in the KDP 12 for the removal of fuel from the control chamber 6 to the low pressure accumulator (GAND is not shown in FIG. 1), a rod 23 on which a spring 14 is mounted, connected via a movement multiplier 13 (MP 13) to the rod 16; plate 24 of the part of a high-speed reversible mechanical drive (BRMP in figure 1 is not indicated by a separate position); a low pressure pipeline 25 for supplying fuel to the GAND (not shown in Fig. 1), a pipeline 26 for supplying high pressure fuel to the DPK12 from the IHAVD (Fig. 1 not shown), a pipeline 27 between the KDP 12 and the nozzle 1, the supply pipe 28 fuel from IGAVD under the needle 7 nozzle

The device in figure 2 represents a high-speed reversible mechanical drive (BRMP) and consists of: WPC 12, MP 13, spring 14, rod 23, plate 24 with a convex curved end 29 (VP 29); plates 30 with slots 31 for moving the rod 23 in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the needle 7 of the nozzle; cam 32 with microprofiles with a running edge parallel to the axis of the cam and a running edge parallel to the bevel VP 29: microprofile 33 for implementing a preliminary injection (PV) of a microprofile 34 for realizing a main injection (S) of longer duration, a microprofile 35 for realizing an injection after the main (VPO) ); a shaft 36 kinematically connected to the crankshaft;

The device in FIG. 3 consists of a KDP 12, MP 13, a spring 14, a rod 23, a plate 24 with a convex curved end 29 (VP 29); plates 30 with slots 31 for moving the rod 23 in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the nozzle needle.

The device in figure 4 consists of a shaft 36, kinematically connected to the crankshaft with a cam 37, interacting through a roller (roller in figure 4 is not shown) with the rocker 38; springs 39 on the plunger 40 of the individual fuel pump 41, which is connected by a pipe 42 to a non-return valve (a non-return valve is not shown in Fig. 4) with an individual hydraulic high-pressure accumulator 43 (IGAVD 43; KDP 12 is connected by a pipe 27 to the nozzle 1 and its needle needle chamber 9, and pipeline 25 with a non-return valve; an individual hydraulic high-pressure accumulator 43 (IGAVD 43) with a high-pressure control valve 44 (KVRD 44) connected by a pipeline 45 to a low-pressure hydraulic accumulator I 46 (Gandhi 46) from the high pressure control valve 47 (KRD 47); IGAVD 43 is connected to conduit 28 and its nozzle a sub-chamber;); IGAVD 43 is connected to the KDP 12 by a pipe 26 for supplying fuel to the NK 19; GAND 46 is connected by a pipe 48 to a non-return valve 49 with a sub-plunger cavity of each ITN 41; a fuel tank 50 connected hydraulically to a booster pump 51; pipeline 52 with a check valve 53; common to all ITN 41 pipeline 54, which is connected through taps with non-return valves (not shown in figure 4) with all ITN 41 and pipe 48.

The operation of the device that implements the method.

Fuel injection is as follows. The cam 37 is rotated on the shaft 36 of the drive ITN 41 (figure 4) with an eccentricity, interacts with a roller (a roller in figure 4 is not shown) of the rocker arm 38.

The rocker arm 38 transfers the force from the cam 37 to the plunger 40, which moves downward, compresses the spring 39, and supplies fuel under pressure from the ITN 41 through a pipe 42 with a non-return valve to the nozzle 1.

The plunger 40 moves down with a sharp increase in the height of the profile of the cam 37 with an eccentricity relative to the center of rotation and its interaction with the rocker roller 38.

Fuel is supplied to the IHAVD 43. The pressure in the IHAVD 43 is set using the high-pressure pump 44.

From IGAVD 43, fuel under high pressure, which remains constant during injection, is supplied through line 28 under the nozzle needle 1 directly, and through line 26.

Served through KDP12 and its NK18 in the chamber 9 above the needle 7

At the end of the fuel supply cycle, the cam profile 37 with an eccentricity begins to decrease relative to the center of rotation under the action of the spring 39 and the fuel pressure supplied from the GAND 46 through pipelines 48, 54 with taps with check valves in front of each ITN 41. The plunger 40 starts to move up. From GAND 46 fuel is supplied, which was spent on controlling the fuel supply process, comes under a certain pressure. There is a filling of the subplunger cavity ITN 41 with fuel. In this case, part of the fuel enters the sub-plunger cavity from the fuel pump 50 and fuel tank 49 through a pipe 52 with a non-return valve 53, a common pipe 54. The part of the fuel supplied from the fuel priming pump 51 compensates for the part of the fuel that is injected into the cylinder. In IHAVD 43 during the lifting of the plunger 40, high pressure fuel is not supplied. The fuel priming pump 51 is also provided with a bypass valve connecting the pump to the fuel tank, which is not shown in FIG. 4.

In the presence of a spring 14 (figure 3, figure 4) BRMP works as follows. The movement of the plate 24 to the left (up) is carried out by turning the cam 32 for the implementation of the PV during the interaction of the microprofile 33 with the plate 24; for the implementation of OM in the interaction of the microprofile 34 with the plate 24; for the implementation of malware during the interaction of the microprofile 35 with the plate 24. The spring 14 is stretched, in which the potential energy is stored. Together with the plate 24, the rod 23 moves, through the MP 13 the rod 16 moves together with the spool 15 to the leftmost (upper) position.

RK 19 opens, NK 18 closes. Fuel from the chamber 9 above the needle 7 through the pipeline 27 (Fig. 1) enters the GAND 46, in which it accumulates with a certain pressure. The pressure in the fuel system does not drop to zero. The fuel enters GAND 46 under pressure and does not fall below the pressure set by the KRD 47, which is variable and is determined by the operating mode. This improves the efficiency of the nozzle. The fuel energy during control does not fall to the fuel energy during discharge.

After moving the plate 24, and with it the spool 15 to the leftmost position (the upper 0 position is for PV, for OM and for HPE, injections begin. Fuel under high pressure comes from each of the three injections from ITN 4, from it to the IGAVD 43. From IGAVD 43, fuel under constant pressure enters under the needle 7 through line 28 (Fig. 1 and Fig. 4), channel 8 of nozzle 1, channel 6 and ring groove 5 in needle 7, along ring groove 4 in nozzle body 1 under needle 7 The needle 7 rises due to the pressure difference under the differential platform and above the platform 9 above the needle 7.

Microprofiles 33, 34, 35 alternately interact with VP 29 of constant radius. Therefore, during injections, the spool 15 is in the extreme left (top) position.

The duration of each injection is determined by the length of the VP 29 and the surface length of each of the microprofiles 33, 34, 35. This duration varies according to the purpose of the injection.

PV is performed with a short duration, because its purpose is to prepare the optimal combustion of the main portion of the fuel without the formation of nitrogen oxides.

OV is carried out with the maximum duration necessary to supply the required amount of fuel to the cylinder to realize the required power.

VPO is also implemented with a short duration necessary for the afterburning of fuel from the main injection.

After the interaction of each microprofile 33, 34, 35 with a given length with VP 29, microprofiles 33, 34, 35 exit this interaction with VP 29.

Injections end when the runaway edges of the microprofiles 33, 34, 35 parallel to the bevel of the VP 29 are out of contact with the VP 29.

The parallelism of the runaway edges of the microprofiles 33, 34, 35 of the VP29 bevel line is necessary so that the compression forces and the tangential forces that act on the microprofiles 33, 34, 35 are distributed evenly along the runaway edges of the microprofiles 35 and the VP 29 bevels of the plate 24.

In this case, for each of the injections, after their end, the spring 14 is compressed, returns the stem 23 to the extreme right position, and through the MP 13 returns the stem 16 with the spool 15 of the KDP 12 to the extreme right position.

NK 18 opens and RK19 closes. GAND 46 is cut off from the chamber 9 of the nozzle 1. Fuel does not enter it.

Fuel arrives through the pipeline 26 from ITN 41 to IHAVD 43.

From IGAVD 43 fuel is supplied through pipeline 26, through channel 20 of the KDP 12, annular groove 17, channel 21, pipe 27, channel 10 of nozzle 1 into the chamber above the needle 7 under high pressure. This pressure acts on the pad 11 above the needle 7 and moves it down due to the pressure difference above and below the needle 7 due to the difference in the differential pad under the needle 7 and pad 11 above the needle 7.

Injection through IGAVD 43 allows the injection pressure to be stabilized and approximated to a rectangular one, thereby increasing the injection energy.

At each cut-off, the fuel through the fuel recovery valve 44 enters through the pipeline 43 to the GAND 46, thereby not violating the process of operation of the ITN 41 and the IGAVD 43 connected in series with it.

The mechanical reversible drive of the spool 15 KDP 12 at a cost will be lower and many times the cost of a piezoelectric drive or a solenoid drive.

The stiff spring 14 can be located both on the rod 23, and from the side of the plate 24.

Three injections already allow optimizing the combustion of fuel in the cylinder, and therefore, increase the indicator diesel efficiency.

The advantage of BRMP is that it does not require sources of electrical energy, unlike nozzles with electro-valve control.

Complex devices for converting and storing energy in short periods of time are not required. This simplifies the fuel supply device, increases its reliability. Less energy is spent on controlling the injection. The efficiency of a power plant with internal combustion engine is increased.

The regulation of the duration of the injection is carried out by moving (Fig. 4) the plate 24 with VP 29 with a bevel along the slots 31 in the plate 30 relative to the rod 23. Moving the plate 24 along with the plate 30 along the slots 31 in a plane perpendicular or angled to the plane of the rod 23, the multiplier 13, the rod 16, the spool 15 will change the length of VP29 (Fig.34) of the plate 24, interacting with microprofiles 33, 34, 35, and therefore the time of all injections.

This is how partial modes are implemented. In partial modes, the cut-off duration increases and, therefore, the nozzle efficiency decreases. But the overall efficiency of the nozzles will be higher due to the quick reinstallation of the valves of the KDP 12.

The injection time will be shorter, the shorter the length of the curved end of the VP 29 of the plate 24. The movement of the plate 24 along the axis of the shaft 36 with shaped cams 33, 34, 35 is carried out both manually and using any automatic drive. The higher the speed, the shorter the interaction time and therefore the injection. A characteristic feature of the device is that the injection time, adjustable or unregulated, changes automatically depending on the speed. Therefore, the proposed device is applicable to all types of diesel engines with different power and with different speed.

All operations of the method that are claimed in the invention are performed. The claimed objective of the invention is achieved.

Claims (2)

1. A method of controlling the fuel supply, including moving the slide valve of the on / off valve from the lowest to highest position, at which the filling valve closes and the discharge valve opens during injection, supplying fuel to the nozzle under the needle, moving the needle to the upper position, removing fuel from the chamber above with a needle from above and, conversely, moving the spool of the on-off valve from the extreme upper position to the extreme lower position, at which the filling valve opens and the discharge closes in-person valve during shut-off, fuel supply to the chamber above the needle from above, moving the needle to the lowest position, characterized in that the spring-loaded plunger of the individual fuel pump is moved downward by a profiled cam rotating with a frequency proportional to the crankshaft speed, the fuel is supplied with a plunger under high pressure from the individual fuel pump to the individual hydraulic high-pressure accumulator, and from it to the nozzle into the chamber under the needle when sold during their the flow of at least one pre-injection, at least one main injection, at least one injection after the main, with fuel supply cut-offs after the preliminary injection, main injection, injection after the main, fuel is supplied from an individual high-pressure hydraulic accumulator through the control valve high pressure in the low pressure accumulator and in the nozzle chamber above the needle, return the plunger to the upper position using a compressed spring on the rod, feed fuel to the subplunger the cavity of the individual fuel pump from the low-pressure accumulator and the fuel tank through pipelines with check valves separate for each individual fuel pump, at the same time carry out at least one preliminary injection to at least one main injection, and at least one injection after at least one main, and at each preliminary injection, at each main injection and at each injection after the main, the on-off valve spool is moved upward mechanically by means of cams with microprofiles with a given height, rotating with a frequency proportional to the rotational speed of the crankshaft, interacting with a plate kinematically connected to the slide valve of the on-off valve, open the discharge valve at each injection, close the filling valve of the on-off valve, supply fuel from the control chamber above the needle into the low pressure accumulator through the discharge valve, fuel is supplied under the needle during injection from an individual hydraulic accumulator the high-pressure torus during the switching time specified during injections, hold the needle in the upper position when fuel is supplied to the cylinder due to the fuel pressure under the needle and hold the spool of the on-off valve in the upper position for the duration of each injection mechanically during the interaction of microprofiles with the given height and convex surface of constant radius at the end of the plate, after the end of each preliminary injection, each main injection and each injection after the main displacement They press the on-off valve spool to its lowest position using a spring, open the on-off valve filling valve, supply fuel at each cut-off from the individual hydraulic high-pressure accumulator through the filling valve to the control chamber above the needle, hold the nozzle needle due to pressure in the control chamber above the needle and the spool of the on-off valve due to the spring in the lower extreme position during the time specified at each cut-off, move the plate, interacting with microprofiles controlling injections along the axis of the camshaft with microprofiles with a running edge of each microprofile parallel to the axis of the camshaft and a running edge of each microprofile parallel to the bevel of the convex surface at the end of the plate, manually or automatically change the length of the convex surface along the bevel with continuous control and change the duration of each injection. 2. A fuel control device comprising a nozzle with a two-position valve with a spring-loaded stem kinematically connected to a controllable high-speed reversing drive, a control chamber that connects via an unloading valve to an external tank, and through a filling valve and through a throttle to a high-pressure line and a fuel pump high pressure, a needle interacting with the control chamber from above and connected to the high pressure line from below, a sprayer with one level of openings, fuels a high pressure pump, a fuel tank, a fuel priming pump interconnected hydraulically, characterized in that the device is equipped with an individual fuel pump driven by a cam shaft kinematically connected to the crankshaft, an individual hydraulic accumulator connected hydraulically to the individual fuel pump at the inlet, and at the exit with the nozzle and its chamber under the needle, and with the chamber above the needle through the filling valve of the on-off valve, which is connected through on-off valve of the on / off valve with a low-pressure hydraulic accumulator, an individual high-pressure hydraulic accumulator connected via a high-pressure control valve to a low-pressure hydraulic accumulator, the on-off valve spool and their seats are made with conical locking surfaces, each spool is kinematically connected with a quick-acting reversible mechanical actuator for linear moving the spool of one on-off valve, which is provided, to At least one plate for one cylinder with a constant-radius convex surface at one end and a certain length of the convex part, a shaft connected kinematically to the crankshaft, with at least one profiled cam on it with at least one microprofile on each profiled cam , the microprofiles are made with a running edge parallel to the axis of the nozzle needle and with a running edge parallel to the bevel of the convex surface of the end of the plate, while adjusting the injection duration, the convex surface Each plate is made with one or several bevels along its width, each plate is made with the possibility of moving along the axis of the rod and the slide valve of the on-off valve and needle and is connected directly or through a movement multiplier with a spring-loaded rod and through it with the valve of the on-off valve, each plate is made with the ability to move in a plane perpendicular or at an angle to the axis of the needle and rod when adjusting the injection duration and is connected for this by a spline connection with the rod, relative to which the plate is moved.

Images