RU2494182C2 - Аппарат для обработки органического материала, такой как разрезание, вымачивание и/или промывка, и способ эксплуатации аппарата для обработки органического материала - Google Patents
Аппарат для обработки органического материала, такой как разрезание, вымачивание и/или промывка, и способ эксплуатации аппарата для обработки органического материала Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- RU2494182C2 RU2494182C2 RU2011134080/12A RU2011134080A RU2494182C2 RU 2494182 C2 RU2494182 C2 RU 2494182C2 RU 2011134080/12 A RU2011134080/12 A RU 2011134080/12A RU 2011134080 A RU2011134080 A RU 2011134080A RU 2494182 C2 RU2494182 C2 RU 2494182C2
- Authority
- RU
- Russia
- Prior art keywords
- receiver
- fluid
- vortex
- flow
- pump
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 29
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 title abstract description 11
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 title abstract description 4
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 title description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 203
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 165
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000003134 recirculating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 19
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 5
- -1 for example Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 4
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 4
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 3
- CHLDALNTQGWQLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxy-4,6,6-trimethylcyclohexa-1,4-diene-1-carbaldehyde Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)(C)C(C=O)=CC1O CHLDALNTQGWQLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002366 mineral element Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010893 paper waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000004382 Amylase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108010065511 Amylases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000013142 Amylases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 241000209134 Arundinaria Species 0.000 description 1
- 101710130006 Beta-glucanase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108010001682 Dextranase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101710121765 Endo-1,4-beta-xylanase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108090000371 Esterases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010073178 Glucan 1,4-alpha-Glucosidase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100022624 Glucoamylase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 240000003433 Miscanthus floridulus Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000006394 Sorghum bicolor Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011684 Sorghum saccharatum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000062793 Sorghum vulgare Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019418 amylase Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005243 fluidization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019713 millet Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21B—FIBROUS RAW MATERIALS OR THEIR MECHANICAL TREATMENT
- D21B1/00—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment
- D21B1/04—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres
- D21B1/12—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres by wet methods, by the use of steam
- D21B1/30—Defibrating by other means
- D21B1/34—Kneading or mixing; Pulpers
- D21B1/345—Pulpers
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21B—FIBROUS RAW MATERIALS OR THEIR MECHANICAL TREATMENT
- D21B1/00—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment
- D21B1/04—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres
- D21B1/12—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres by wet methods, by the use of steam
- D21B1/30—Defibrating by other means
- D21B1/34—Kneading or mixing; Pulpers
- D21B1/342—Mixing apparatus
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21B—FIBROUS RAW MATERIALS OR THEIR MECHANICAL TREATMENT
- D21B1/00—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment
- D21B1/04—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres
- D21B1/12—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres by wet methods, by the use of steam
- D21B1/30—Defibrating by other means
- D21B1/34—Kneading or mixing; Pulpers
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21B—FIBROUS RAW MATERIALS OR THEIR MECHANICAL TREATMENT
- D21B1/00—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment
- D21B1/04—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres
- D21B1/12—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres by wet methods, by the use of steam
- D21B1/30—Defibrating by other means
- D21B1/34—Kneading or mixing; Pulpers
- D21B1/345—Pulpers
- D21B1/347—Rotor assemblies
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
- Apparatus Associated With Microorganisms And Enzymes (AREA)
- Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
- Separation Of Solids By Using Liquids Or Pneumatic Power (AREA)
- Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DKPA200900052 | 2009-01-13 | ||
| DKPA200900052 | 2009-01-13 | ||
| PCT/DK2010/050005 WO2010081478A1 (en) | 2009-01-13 | 2010-01-13 | Treatment, such as cutting, soaking and/or washing, of organic material |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| RU2011134080A RU2011134080A (ru) | 2013-02-20 |
| RU2494182C2 true RU2494182C2 (ru) | 2013-09-27 |
Family
ID=40957679
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| RU2011134080/12A RU2494182C2 (ru) | 2009-01-13 | 2010-01-13 | Аппарат для обработки органического материала, такой как разрезание, вымачивание и/или промывка, и способ эксплуатации аппарата для обработки органического материала |
Country Status (13)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US8771472B2 (enExample) |
| EP (1) | EP2398959B1 (enExample) |
| JP (1) | JP5722232B2 (enExample) |
| CN (1) | CN102282312B (enExample) |
| AU (1) | AU2010205967B2 (enExample) |
| BR (1) | BRPI1007246B1 (enExample) |
| CA (1) | CA2749011C (enExample) |
| DK (1) | DK2398959T3 (enExample) |
| ES (1) | ES2404152T3 (enExample) |
| MX (1) | MX2011007276A (enExample) |
| RU (1) | RU2494182C2 (enExample) |
| WO (1) | WO2010081478A1 (enExample) |
| ZA (1) | ZA201105100B (enExample) |
Families Citing this family (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9499635B2 (en) | 2006-10-13 | 2016-11-22 | Sweetwater Energy, Inc. | Integrated wood processing and sugar production |
| RU2494182C2 (ru) | 2009-01-13 | 2013-09-27 | Биогасоль Ипр Апс | Аппарат для обработки органического материала, такой как разрезание, вымачивание и/или промывка, и способ эксплуатации аппарата для обработки органического материала |
| US8765430B2 (en) | 2012-02-10 | 2014-07-01 | Sweetwater Energy, Inc. | Enhancing fermentation of starch- and sugar-based feedstocks |
| US8563277B1 (en) | 2012-04-13 | 2013-10-22 | Sweetwater Energy, Inc. | Methods and systems for saccharification of biomass |
| PT2836602T (pt) * | 2012-04-13 | 2019-01-11 | Sweetwater Energy Inc | Métodos e sistemas para sacarificação de biomassa |
| GB201215505D0 (en) | 2012-08-31 | 2012-10-17 | C5 Labs Aps | Process for the production of ethanol |
| US9333468B2 (en) * | 2012-09-24 | 2016-05-10 | Abengoa Bioenergy New Technologies, Llc | Soak vessels and methods for impregnating biomass with liquid |
| WO2014143753A1 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2014-09-18 | Sweetwater Energy, Inc. | Carbon purification of concentrated sugar streams derived from pretreated biomass |
| WO2016042532A1 (en) * | 2014-09-19 | 2016-03-24 | Entsorgafin S.P.A. | Method and plant for pre-treating biomasses |
| DK3194653T3 (da) | 2014-09-19 | 2019-06-03 | Versalis Spa | Kontinuerlig fremgangsmåde til behandling af lignocellulosisk biomasse |
| DK3194652T3 (da) | 2014-09-19 | 2019-07-01 | Versalis Spa | Kontinuerlig fremgangsmåde til at behandle en lignocellulosisk biomasse |
| WO2016042529A1 (en) * | 2014-09-19 | 2016-03-24 | Entsorgafin S.P.A. | Method and plant for pre-treating biomasses |
| WO2016065340A1 (en) * | 2014-10-24 | 2016-04-28 | Gentex Corporation | Reducing diffraction effects on an ablated surface |
| CN107208120B (zh) | 2014-12-09 | 2021-11-23 | 斯威特沃特能源公司 | 快速预处理 |
| EP3192626B1 (de) * | 2016-01-12 | 2018-07-04 | SWISS KRONO Tec AG | Verfahren zur behandlung von holzstaub und anlage hierfür |
| US11821047B2 (en) | 2017-02-16 | 2023-11-21 | Apalta Patent OÜ | High pressure zone formation for pretreatment |
| US11692000B2 (en) | 2019-12-22 | 2023-07-04 | Apalta Patents OÜ | Methods of making specialized lignin and lignin products from biomass |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU1063899A1 (ru) * | 1982-04-28 | 1983-12-30 | Ленинградский ордена Трудового Красного Знамени технологический институт целлюлозно-бумажной промышленности | Гидроразбиватель макулатурной массы |
| EP0088745B1 (de) * | 1982-03-05 | 1985-06-19 | VOEST-ALPINE Aktiengesellschaft | Anlage zum Warmwalzen von band- oder tafelförmigem Walzgut |
| DE202006010608U1 (de) * | 2006-07-07 | 2007-11-15 | Gw Fasertechnik Gmbh | Vorrichtung zur Herstellung oder Aufbereitung von Pulpe |
| RU2466931C2 (ru) * | 2006-10-09 | 2012-11-20 | Бритиш Америкэн Тобэкко (Инвестментс) Лимитед | Изготовление отдельных твердых частиц из полимерного материала |
Family Cites Families (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3990643A (en) * | 1971-08-12 | 1976-11-09 | J. M. Voith Gmbh | Method of pulping and grading waste paper |
| DE2140372A1 (de) * | 1971-08-12 | 1973-03-01 | Voith Gmbh J M | Altpapier-aufbereitungsanlage |
| JPH05278832A (ja) * | 1992-04-06 | 1993-10-26 | Nippon Boosai Kogyo:Kk | 生ゴミ脱水圧縮機 |
| FI91288C (fi) * | 1992-10-20 | 1994-06-10 | Tampella Oy Valmet | Sekoituslaite pulpperoinnissa |
| CA2116492A1 (en) * | 1993-03-04 | 1994-09-05 | Ernst Habegger | Process for re-use of water-containing plant material |
| SE509293C2 (sv) | 1997-04-29 | 1999-01-11 | Cellwood Machinery Ab | Anordning vid massaupplösare |
| US6053441A (en) * | 1997-09-04 | 2000-04-25 | Bolton-Emerson Americas, Inc. | Toroidal flow pulper for difficult materials |
| JP2003010796A (ja) * | 2001-06-28 | 2003-01-14 | Nichiraku Kikai Kk | リサイクル用容器の破砕、洗浄装置 |
| FI113379B (fi) * | 2002-03-25 | 2004-04-15 | Metso Paper Inc | Menetelmä kierrätyskuitumateriaalin kuiduttamiseksi rumpupulpperissa sekä rumpupulpperi |
| JP2004162654A (ja) * | 2002-11-15 | 2004-06-10 | Hitachi Zosen Tomioka Machinery Co Ltd | カッター付渦巻ポンプ |
| US20050013453A1 (en) * | 2003-07-18 | 2005-01-20 | Cheung Kwun-Wing W. | Flat panel loudspeaker system for mobile platform |
| US20080054108A1 (en) * | 2006-08-30 | 2008-03-06 | Matz Robert J | Method and apparatus for pulping unit |
| RU2494182C2 (ru) | 2009-01-13 | 2013-09-27 | Биогасоль Ипр Апс | Аппарат для обработки органического материала, такой как разрезание, вымачивание и/или промывка, и способ эксплуатации аппарата для обработки органического материала |
-
2010
- 2010-01-13 RU RU2011134080/12A patent/RU2494182C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2010-01-13 BR BRPI1007246-2A patent/BRPI1007246B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2010-01-13 AU AU2010205967A patent/AU2010205967B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2010-01-13 US US13/144,215 patent/US8771472B2/en active Active
- 2010-01-13 JP JP2011544790A patent/JP5722232B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-01-13 EP EP10700152A patent/EP2398959B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2010-01-13 ES ES10700152T patent/ES2404152T3/es active Active
- 2010-01-13 CA CA2749011A patent/CA2749011C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-01-13 DK DK10700152.1T patent/DK2398959T3/da active
- 2010-01-13 WO PCT/DK2010/050005 patent/WO2010081478A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2010-01-13 MX MX2011007276A patent/MX2011007276A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2010-01-13 CN CN201080004482.8A patent/CN102282312B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2011
- 2011-07-11 ZA ZA2011/05100A patent/ZA201105100B/en unknown
-
2014
- 2014-05-15 US US14/278,921 patent/US8999113B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0088745B1 (de) * | 1982-03-05 | 1985-06-19 | VOEST-ALPINE Aktiengesellschaft | Anlage zum Warmwalzen von band- oder tafelförmigem Walzgut |
| SU1063899A1 (ru) * | 1982-04-28 | 1983-12-30 | Ленинградский ордена Трудового Красного Знамени технологический институт целлюлозно-бумажной промышленности | Гидроразбиватель макулатурной массы |
| DE202006010608U1 (de) * | 2006-07-07 | 2007-11-15 | Gw Fasertechnik Gmbh | Vorrichtung zur Herstellung oder Aufbereitung von Pulpe |
| RU2466931C2 (ru) * | 2006-10-09 | 2012-11-20 | Бритиш Америкэн Тобэкко (Инвестментс) Лимитед | Изготовление отдельных твердых частиц из полимерного материала |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP2398959A1 (en) | 2011-12-28 |
| BRPI1007246A2 (pt) | 2016-02-16 |
| ZA201105100B (en) | 2012-03-28 |
| US8771472B2 (en) | 2014-07-08 |
| CN102282312A (zh) | 2011-12-14 |
| AU2010205967A1 (en) | 2011-07-28 |
| US20140284007A1 (en) | 2014-09-25 |
| EP2398959B1 (en) | 2013-01-23 |
| JP5722232B2 (ja) | 2015-05-20 |
| US8999113B2 (en) | 2015-04-07 |
| RU2011134080A (ru) | 2013-02-20 |
| CN102282312B (zh) | 2015-05-20 |
| MX2011007276A (es) | 2011-09-26 |
| BRPI1007246B1 (pt) | 2020-09-15 |
| ES2404152T3 (es) | 2013-05-24 |
| DK2398959T3 (da) | 2013-05-06 |
| JP2012515070A (ja) | 2012-07-05 |
| CA2749011A1 (en) | 2010-07-22 |
| AU2010205967B2 (en) | 2014-12-04 |
| US20120037325A1 (en) | 2012-02-16 |
| WO2010081478A1 (en) | 2010-07-22 |
| CA2749011C (en) | 2017-05-02 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PC41 | Official registration of the transfer of exclusive right |
Effective date: 20140313 |
|
| MM4A | The patent is invalid due to non-payment of fees |
Effective date: 20210114 |