RU2489113C2 - Maxillary prosthesis obturator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to field of medicine, in particular to dentistry, and can be applied for orthopedic rehabilitation of patients with post operational defects of upper jaw. Maxillary prosthesis-obturator is made monolithical from construction material and has basis with artificial teeth. Obturator repeats the shape of operation field anastomosis. Lower boundary of obturator closely adjoins mucous membrane of operation field anastomosis. Upper boundary of obturator is made oval-shaped and has different width and length, programmed depending on elasticity of oral cavity mucosa, "fibrous ring" of anastomosis, reached by thinning or thickening of obturator, compensates undercuts in nasal cavity and/or maxillary sinus formed by postoperative defect.

EFFECT: ensuring reliable fixation of jaw prosthesis, whose basis is produced from hard construction material, and obturator from elastic material, ensuring retention and stability of jaw prosthesis-obturator, and formation of prosthesis bed in area of performed operation, replacement of anastomosis and disconnection of nasal cavities, maxillary sinuses and mouth, restoration of patient's phonetics.

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Description

The invention relates to medicine, in particular to dentistry, and can be used for orthopedic rehabilitation of patients with postoperative defects of the upper jaw.

A known method of prosthetics for post-resection defects of the palate and a prosthetic obturator of the palate (RF Patent 2349284 from 04.17.2007).

Known resection removable denture of the upper jaw (RF Patent 2183437 from 06/20/2000).

Known resection removable denture of the upper jaw containing a base with artificial teeth and an obturator corresponding to the configuration of the defect. The obturator is made of monolithic silicone with a retention hole and is detachably connected to the basis with artificial teeth using a fixing element made in the form of a protrusion with a spherical head made of the base material, while the retention hole repeats the shape of the fixing element. (RF patent 2283064 from 03/18/2005).

Known denture denture (RF Patent No. 95504 from 07/10/2010).

Known post-resection prosthesis-obturator of the upper jaw and a method of manufacturing a post-resection prosthesis-obturator of the upper jaw (RF Patent No. 2283063 from 2006.09.10). This post-resection prosthesis-obturator of the upper jaw containing a base with teeth and an obturator made of rigid plastic, in the form of a bowl open to the side of the defect, with a wall thickness of 3-4 mm. Thus, this obturator-sink prosthesis in the form of a bowl open towards the defect, in the near future after resection of the upper jaw allows you to restore speech, improve the aesthetics of the patient and extend the term of use of the prosthesis due to the possibility of making significant corrections to the obstructing part.

This post-resection prosthesis of the upper jaw is selected for the prototype.

The objective of the present invention is to increase the efficiency of treatment of patients with postoperative defects of the upper jaw by improving the fixation of the obstructing part of the maxillary denture in the cavity of the jaw defect, taking into account the elasticity of the oral mucosa, the “fibrous ring” of the anastomosis and the structural material from which the obturator is made.

The technical result of the invention is the provision of reliable fixation of the maxillary prosthesis, the basis of which is made of rigid structural material, and the obturator is made of elastic material that provides retention and stabilization of the maxillary prosthesis-obturator, and the formation of the prosthetic bed in the area of the operation, replacement of the anastomosis and separation of the nasal cavities, maxillary sinuses and mouth restoration of the patient's phonetics.

The technical result is achieved due to the fact that the maxillary prosthetic obturator, made in one piece from polyurethane and having a basis with artificial teeth, differs in that the obturator reproduces the shape of the anastomosis of the surgical field, the lower border of the obturator fits snugly on the mucous membrane of the surgical field, and the upper border of the obturator made oval and has different thickness and length, programmable depending on the elasticity of the mucous membrane of the oral cavity, the "fibrous ring" of the anastomosis, achieved more thinly by lowering or thickening the edges of the obturator, it makes up for undercuts in the nasal cavity and / or maxillary sinus formed by a postoperative defect.

This design of the maxillary obturator prosthesis can be used in patients with complete absence of teeth and the presence of a postoperative defect in the hard palate. Such a clinical situation is most difficult to ensure reliable fixation and stabilization of the jaw prosthesis-obturator.

The design of the proposed obturator allows you to take into account the individual characteristics of the patient, namely the elasticity of the oral mucosa, the "fibrous ring" of the anastomosis and the structural material of the obturator. The longer and thinner the edge of the obturator, the greater its elasticity, thereby it penetrates deeper into the postoperative defect of the jaw, making up for the undercut of the anastomosis. The invention is illustrated in the drawing, which shows:

1. basis of the prosthesis

2. artificial teeth

3. obturator

4. mucous membrane of the anastomosis

5. postoperative defect

6. obturator base

7. The edge of the obturator of various shapes (length and thickness).

The maxillary prosthetic obturator is made as follows.

1. Before surgery, the patient receives impressions from both jaws, register the central ratio of the jaws.

2. Based on the received impressions, models are made, in accordance with the registration data of the central ratio of the jaws and the facial arch, the models are fixed in the articulator.

3. Immediately after the operation, the patient receives an impression of the upper jaw of the postoperative defect (5) with alginate masses.

4. Based on the resulting print, a working gypsum model is made.

5. On the model, the outer borders of the mucous membrane of the anastomosis (4) are engraved in the vertical and horizontal directions with a width and depth of 1.5-2.0 mm.

6. Model the wax pattern of the obturator (3) with the lower border (6) and the edges of the obturator (7) and the basis of the prosthesis (1) with the setting of the teeth (2) in the articulator, taking into account the anthropometric parameters of the patient.

7. Replace the wax composition of the maxillary prosthetic obturator with polyurethane.

8. Removes excess structural material and polishes the jaw prosthesis.

9. Install the maxillary prosthesis-obturator on the upper jaw.

Claims (1)

The maxillary prosthetic obturator is made integrally from the structural material and has a base with artificial teeth, characterized in that the obturator reproduces the shape of the anastomosis of the surgical field, the lower border of the obturator fits snugly on the mucosa of the anastomosis of the surgical field, and the upper border of the obturator is oval and has a different thickness and the length programmed depending on the elasticity of the oral mucosa, the “fibrous ring” of the anastomosis, achieved by thinning or thickening the edge of the obturator, in makes up for undercuts in the nasal cavity and / or maxillary sinus, formed by a postoperative defect.

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