RU2426517C1 - Forming dentoalveolar prosthesis-obturator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to field of medicine, in particular to dentistry, and can be used for rehabilitation of patients with post-operation defects of jaw bones and teeth. Forming dentoalveolar prosthesis-obturator of upper jaw contains connected to each other rigid basis with teeth and soft obturator. Prosthesis is provided with clasps, rigid base is made from rigid polyurethane, soft obturator - from soft polyurethane. Entire prosthesis is made by casing method including sections of formation of operation field external boundaries.

EFFECT: ensuring high congruence of prosthesis base to prosthesis bed, especially on border of upper jaw defect, lowest adhesion of microorganisms to prosthesis-obturator and restoration of patient's phonetics.

1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to medicine, in particular to dentistry, and can be used for the rehabilitation of patients with postoperative defects of the jaw bones and teeth of the manufacture of the forming denture of the jaw prosthesis from polyurethane.

There is a method of molding dental and maxillofacial prostheses from plastics by conventional pressing, which consists in taking a mold, obtaining a model, modeling a wax obturator template, plastering a model with a wax template in a cuvette in a vertical position, packing and polymerizing plastic in a vertical direction (see B .N. Kopeikin, Ya.S. Knubovets, V.Yu. Kurlandsky, I.M. Oksman. Dental prosthetics, chap. 8, 9, art. "Technology of the use of plastics." M .: Medicine, 1978, p. 105-109; 272-275).

However, the parts of the prosthesis, the obturator and the denture are obtained separately and then rigidly fixed with glue, which significantly reduces the strength characteristics of the prosthesis and, as a result, limits the time of its use, and the places where the obturator is attached to the prosthesis by gluing do not meet the requirements of studies on the adhesion of microorganisms of the cavity mouth to removable orthopedic structures. The design of the prosthesis itself, its rigidity and toxicity of the plastic do not ensure the formation of the prosthetic bed in the area of the operation

The objective of the present invention is to increase the effectiveness of the treatment of patients with postoperative defects of the upper jaw.

The technical result is the manufacture of a forming dentition of the denture-obturator from polyurethane, which provides high congruence of the prosthesis base to the prosthetic bed, especially along the border of the defect of the upper jaw, the least adhesion of microorganisms to the prosthetic obturator and restoration of the patient's phonetics, intelligible speech.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the dento-jaw prosthesis-obturator is formed, where the basis of the dento-jaw prosthesis-obturator is made of rigid, and the obturator itself is made of flexible polyurethane by the method of obtaining a print of the defect of the upper jaw and prosthetic bed immediately after the operation, a working gypsum model is engraved on the print with engraving on models of the external borders of the surgical field in the vertical and horizontal directions with a width and depth of 1.5-2.0 mm, modeling a wax pattern of the obturator and self o prosthesis with teeth, duplication of the obtained wax composition with a silicone mass, replacement of wax with polyurethane by casting.

The problem of denture-jaw prosthetics-obturators made of rigid plastic is that often a narrow postoperative defect of the jaw does not correspond to the wide imaging of the prosthetic bed of the maxillary sinus of the obturator, due to which the adherence of the prosthesis is incongruent and a gap forms between the prosthesis base and the prosthetic bed, which prevents a full recess.

In addition, the plastic is toxic and hygroscopic, which contributes to increased adhesion of microorganisms to the structural material from which the basis of the obturator prosthesis is made. This fact helps to slow the reparative processes in the postoperative period. The use of polyurethane for leveling the above problems is today a priority. The obturator of the proposed prosthesis-obturator made of soft polyurethane allows you to fully match the display of the prosthetic bed, despite the narrow postoperative defect of the jaw, due to its elasticity. And the toxicity and degree of adhesion of microbes to polyurethane is much lower, which is confirmed by laboratory studies, and, accordingly, contributes to reparative processes in the postoperative period.

The design of the denture-obturator prosthesis is illustrated by the drawing where:

1 - the basis of the prosthesis;

2 - obturator;

3 - clasps;

4 - sections of the formation of the external borders of the surgical field.

Forming a denture denture obturator is made as follows:

1. Before surgery, the patient receives impressions from both jaws, register the bite or central ratio of the jaws.

2. Based on the received impressions, models are made in accordance with the registration data of the bite and facial arch, the models are fixed in the articulator.

3. Immediately after surgery, the patient receives an impression of the upper jaw of the postoperative defect with alginate masses.

4. Based on the print made gypsum model.

5. On the model, the external borders of the surgical field are engraved in the vertical and horizontal directions with a width and depth of 1.5-2.0 mm.

6. Duplication of the gypsum model with silicone mass.

7. Production of a polyurethane model according to the obtained silicone form.

8. Model the wax pattern of the obturator and denture with the setting of the teeth in the articulator, taking into account anthropometric indicators.

7. Duplicate the resulting composition with a silicone mass.

8. A denture is made of rigid polyurethane (1) with an obturator of elastic polyurethane (2) and clasps (3) by casting.

9. Cut the sprues, grind and polish the resulting provisional prosthetic obturator (1) from the polyurethane (2) prosthesis and the areas of formation of the external borders of the surgical field (4).

Claims (1)

A maxillary denture forming a maxillary denture-obturator containing interconnected hard bases with teeth and a soft obturator, characterized in that it is equipped with clasps, the hard basis is made of hard polyurethane, and the soft obturator is made of soft polyurethane, and the entire prosthesis is cast including areas of formation of the external borders of the surgical field.

Images