RU2462433C1 - Ceramic mass for brick production - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: ceramic mass for brick production contains stiff clay and bloated vermiculite from the Kovdorskoe deposit with grain size of fractions from 2.5 mm to 1.5 mm - 50 % and fractions with size of 1 mm and below - 50 %, at the following ratio of components, wt %: stiff clay - 70-90; bloated vermiculite of the Kovdorskoe deposit - 10-30.

EFFECT: lower heat conductivity and density of a brick.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of construction, in particular to obtaining an effective ceramic building brick.

Known ceramic mass for the production of bricks, containing the following components in their ratio, wt.%: Clay 86.5-87.5; coal 1-1.5; crushed brick scrap after drying 0.5-1; ground fiberglass waste 1-1.5; ground chalk 0.5-1; swollen shungite 8.0-10.0 (RF patent No. 2390511 C1, priority date 06/03/2009, publication date 05/27/2010, author Shchepochkina Yu.A., RU).

A disadvantage of the known ceramic mass is the multicomponent nature of its raw material composition, which complicates the process of dosing and preparation of the charge.

Known ceramic mass for the manufacture of bricks, adopted as a prototype, including clay and additives, in which it contains expanded polystyrene powder (expanded polystyrene), ash TPP, fireclay, waste stripping of the coal mining industry (coal) and waste solid sludge (KEK ) in the following ratio of components, wt.%: clay 49-57; expanded polystyrene 8-20; ash TPP 7-15; fireclay 3-8; carbon coal 4-15; kek 4-10 (RF patent No. 2277073 C1, priority date 03.03.2005, publication date 05.27.2006, authors: Petropavlovskaya VB and Kuzmina EV, RU, prototype).

The disadvantage of the prototype is the multicomponent composition of the raw material, which complicates the dosing and preparation of the mixture, as well as the ineffective properties of the brick.

The objective of the invention is to obtain an effective ceramic brick of low thermal conductivity and density.

To solve the problem, a ceramic mass for making bricks containing medium plastic clay and an additive according to the invention, as an additive, it contains expanded vermiculite from the Kovdor deposit with a particle size distribution of fractions from 2.5 mm to 1.5 mm - 50% and fractions of size 1 mm and less - 50% in the following ratio of components, wt.%:

medium plastic clay 70-90 expanded vermiculite Kovdor field 10-30

The introduction of an additive in the form of expanded vermiculite from the Kovdorsky deposit helps to reduce the bulk density of bricks and increase the heat-shielding properties, which is confirmed by laboratory test data.

For testing used medium plastic clay and expanded vermiculite Kovdorsky deposits having a chemical composition, wt.%: SiO ₂ -38,62; TiO ₂ - 0.8; AlO ₃ - 12.15; Fe ₂ O ₃ - 6.29; FeO- 0.62; CaO - 1.82; MgO - 27.76; K ₂ O - 0.44, the rest is water; and particle size distribution: fractions from 2.5 mm to 1.5 mm in size - 50% and fractions of 1 mm or less in size - 50%. In preparing the samples, clay and expanded vermiculite were mixed, then closed with water and the plastic molding method was used. The molded samples were dried to a moisture content of 3% and calcined at a temperature of 950 ° C. The compositions of the proposed ceramic mass and prototype are presented in table 1.

Table 1 Suggested formulations Prototype The content of components, wt.%, In the composition The content of components, wt.%, In the composition Components Components one 2 3 one 2 3 Clay medium plastic 90 80 70 Clay 49 53 57 Expanded vermiculite of the Kovdorsky field 10 twenty thirty Fireclay 3 5 8 Ash TPP fifteen eleven 7 Coal breed fifteen 8 four Kek 10 8 four Expanded polystyrene 8 fifteen twenty

The main performance indicators of ceramic bricks in accordance with the requirements of GOST 530-2007 are shown in table 2.

table 2 Indicator The composition of the ceramic mass one 2 3 Suggested formulations Density Index, g / cm ³ actual 0.6 0.5 0.5 GOST requirements Up to 0.8 Up to 0.8 Up to 0.8 Thermal Conductivity Index, W / (m · ° C) actual 0.1 0,093 0.08 GOST requirements Up to 0.20 Up to 0.20 Up to 0.20 thermal conductivity group High efficiency High efficiency High efficiency Prototype Density Index, g / cm ³ actual 0.9 0.87 0.75 GOST requirements 1,0 1,0 Up to 0.8 Thermal Conductivity Index, W / (m · ° C) actual 0.54 0.54 0.54 GOST requirements St. 0.46 St. 0.46 St. 0.46 thermal conductivity group Ineffective Ineffective Ineffective

The proposed 2-component mixture for the production of ceramic bricks is more technologically advanced and simple to manufacture, and the properties by which the effectiveness is evaluated are improved compared to the prototype: thermal conductivity is reduced by 5 or more times, density is reduced by 1.5-2 times.

Claims (1)

Ceramic mass for the manufacture of bricks containing medium-plastic clay and an additive, characterized in that as an additive it contains expanded vermiculite from the Kovdor deposit with a particle size distribution of fractions ranging in size from 2.5 mm to 1.5 mm - 50% and fractions of 1 mm or less - 50% in the following ratio of components, wt.%:
medium plastic clay 70-90 expanded vermiculite of the Kovdor deposit 10-30