RU2413924C2 - Tank fragmentation-sectional shell "dmitriy groznye ochi" - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: shell comprises body, charge of explosive substance, unit of finished destructive agents and head detonating fuse of trajectory-contact type. Unit of finished destructive agents is arranged in front of charge of explosive substance. Charge of explosive substance is arranged in the form of body of revolution with curvilinear generatrix, besides, diametre of charge monotonously reduces in direction from one end of shell to the other. Circular space between charge of explosive substance and body is filled with set of finished destructive agents.

EFFECT: improved fighting efficiency of shell.

12 cl, 9 dwg

Description

The invention relates to ammunition, and more particularly to fragmentation-beam projectiles, creating circular fields of fragments of natural fragmentation and an axial field (beam) of finished striking elements (GGE). A known projectile containing a shell with a explosive charge of explosives, a GGE unit located in front of the explosive charge, and a head fuse of trajectory-contact type (US Pat. No. 2346230 RF).

When realizing the main type of shooting, i.e., with trajectory detonation of a projectile at an anticipated point in front of the target, only the GPE block is used to hit the target, and the massive shell of the projectile is practically not used to hit the target.

The present invention seeks to remedy this drawback. The technical solution consists in the fact that the explosive charge is made in the form of a body of revolution with a curvilinear generatrix, and the diameter of the charge monotonically decreases in the direction from one end of the projectile to the other, and the annular space between the explosive charge and the body is filled with a set of GGEs forming the GGE tubular block.

Drawings: figure 1 - section of the projectile (the explosive charge diameter decreases from the head to the bottom of the projectile), figure 2 - section of the projectile (the explosive charge diameter increases from the head to the bottom of the projectile), figure 3 - sub-projectile, figure 4 - distribution radial velocity of shell fragments and GGE of the tubular block, FIG. 5 — configuration of fragmentation fields, FIG. 6 — kinematic diagram of fields, FIG. 7 — execution of the tubular GPE block of three fractions, FIGS. 8, 9 — predetermined crushing of the housing.

The projectile according to the scheme of FIG. 1 comprises a housing 1, a charge of explosive 2 and a tube block ГПЭ 3, a head cap 4 with a head block ГПЭ 5, a head trajectory-contact fuse 6 and a transfer charge 7. A stabilizer 8. is connected to the bottom of the case. Diameter explosive charge decreases from the head to the bottom of the projectile.

Figure 2 shows a shell with a reverse location of the explosive charge, i.e., with an increase in the diameter of the charge from the head to the bottom of the shell.

The curvilinear generatrix 9 has a shape that ensures the optimal distribution of fragments of the casing and GGE of the tubular block in the direction of their expansion and is protected in the know-how mode.

Figure 3 shows the projectile in a sub-caliber design. The projectile is placed in a pallet 10, consisting of two sectors.

The circuit of FIG. 1 has the following advantages.

- the tubular block GGE is highly resistant to inertial overloads during firing;

- creates a large contact area between the explosive charge and the head block of the GGE, which ensures a high speed of its throwing.

The main advantage of the circuit of figure 2 is the possibility of a significant displacement of the center of mass of the projectile to the head of the projectile, which ensures its higher aerodynamic stability in flight.

The main result achieved by this technical solution is to form a field of fragments of natural crushing of the body and the GGE of the tubular block in the form of a disk. This is ensured by the difference in radial velocities along the length of the projectile (figure 4), which in turn is provided by a change in the length ratio of the mass of metal and explosives (M, C).

The value of speed is defined as

D is the explosive detonation velocity, ξ = С / (М + С) is the local filling coefficient. C, M - mass of explosives and metal per unit length.

The minimum value of the velocity V _0min is determined from the condition of destruction of the shell of the projectile by longitudinal cracks in the section with a minimum filling factor by the number of fragments n _{θ of} at least a given n _θmin (n _θ ≥n _θmin ).

The number of divisions n _θ , according to the monograph "Explosion Physics" edited by L.P. Orlenko, ed. 3rd, t.2, FIZMATLIT, 2004, p. 117, is determined by the formula

where V _cr = 30 ... 150 m / s

From here

The circumferential distribution of the GGE approaching the uniform is realized for n _θ > 6. For n _θmin = 6, V _cr = 150 m / s, we obtain V _0min = 143 m / s.

The general picture of the fields is shown in Fig. 5 (I — disk of fragments of the casing and GGE of the tubular block, II — GGE of the head block). Figure 6 shows the kinematic picture arising from the explosion of a tank projectile flying parallel to the surface of the earth at a height of N. The length of the projectile is negligible. The length of the lesion zone by disk I is determined by the ratio

L, N [m], V _c , V _0min , V _0max [m / s].

For example, at H = 5 m, V _c = 800 m / s, V _0min = 150 m / s, V _0max = 1200 m / s, the value of L is

By the condition of conjugation of the fields, the condition φ1 = (0.9 ... 1.2) φ2, where φ1, φ2, respectively, are the angles of the half-solution of the bundles of the head and tubular GGE blocks.

According to [3], the total standard deviation σt of the trajectory blasting system, including a laser rangefinder, an on-board computer, an automatic installer of a temporary fuse and a fuse, should not exceed 0.002 s. However, in the near future, the achievement of such accuracy seems unlikely, and the forecast estimate σt = 0.004 s is more realistic. The corresponding deviation for the flight range to detonation at a projectile speed of 800 m / s will be σz = 3.2 m, and the actual range of location of the detonation points is ± 3σz2 = ± 9.6 m (range length 19.2 m). Thus, the condition L≥6σz is fulfilled, i.e., due to the lengthening of the affected area, the dispersion of the discontinuity point relative to the target is compensated.

The resulting speeds V _Dmin and V _{Dmax of} fragments of the shell and the GGE of the tubular block

This implies the feasibility of using a variable mass, increasing in the direction of thickening of the wall of the block, in the tube block. For example, while maintaining the kinetic energy of the GGE, the mass ratio should be

Figure 7 shows the execution of the tubular block of the GGE of three fractions.

The length of the affected area can be significantly increased with increasing projectile speed V _c due to the use of a sub-caliber circuit of Fig.3. For example, the 120-mm tank caliber shells of the US Abrams tank have the following initial speeds:

- standard anti-helicopter projectile M830A1 - 1400 m / s,

- developed multi-purpose projectile ХМ1068 - 1495 m / s,

The table shows the length of the affected area L depending on the velocity of the projectile V _c .

Vc, m / s 1000 1200 1400 1600 L, m / s 29.2 35.0 40.8 46.7

Stable crushing of the part of the housing bordering the thick-walled part of the tubular block can be achieved using measures of specified crushing. In Fig. 7, a part of the housing is provided with longitudinal grooves 11 of a closed (as in this case) or open type, or zones of structural weakening deposited on the outer or inner surface of the housing along its generators. The disadvantage of open grooves is the deterioration of the aerodynamic quality of the outer surface of the housing. Zones of structural attenuation can be applied using local heat treatment, electron beam or laser treatment, etc.

In the embodiment shown in Fig. 9, the explosive charge located in the thick-walled part of the tubular block is made with a star-shaped cross-section having a diameter of the described circle equal to the inner diameter of the casing and provided with wedge-shaped cumulative linings 12 at the ends of the star's rays.

It is advisable to make cases of natural crushing from high-fragmentation steels 60С2 (RU 2079099, RU 2095740), 80Г2С (RU 2153024), 80C2.

The equipment of the projectile can be performed by cold pouring into the body of the plastisol composition (RU 2235967, RU 2315742). This equipment method allows filling the housing without shrinkage shells. The high plasticity of plastisols for tank shells, especially sub-caliber ones, with a high level of overload when fired (up to 40,000) is important.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the combat effectiveness of the projectile.

Information sources

1. Patent No. 2 346230 of the Russian Federation.

2. “Explosion Physics,” ed. L.P. Orlenko.

3. Odintsov V.A. 21st Century Fragmentation-Shell Ammunition / Ammunition and High-Energy Condensed Systems, vol. No. 2, 2008, p. 89.

Claims (12)

1. A fragmentation-beam projectile containing a body with a charge of explosive, a block of ready-made striking elements located in front of the charge of an explosive, and a head fuse of trajectory-contact type, characterized in that the charge of the explosive is made in the form of a body of revolution with a curvilinear generatrix, wherein the diameter of the charge monotonously decreases in the direction from one end of the projectile to the other, and the annular space between the explosive charge and the body is filled with a set of ready-made striking elements, forming a tubular block. 2. The projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the curved generatrix has a shape that provides an optimal distribution of fragments of the body and the finished striking elements of the tubular block in the direction of their expansion. 3. The projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the tubular block of finished striking elements is performed with increasing mass of the element in the direction of thickening of the wall of the block. 4. The projectile according to claim 3, characterized in that the mass of the finished striking element of the thin-walled part of the tubular block is within 0.2 ÷ 0.4 g. 5. The projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the diameter of the explosive charge decreases from the head to the bottom of the projectile. 6. The projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the diameter of the explosive charge increases from the head to the bottom of the projectile. 7. The projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that it is made with the possibility of realizing the ratio
φ1 = (0.9 ÷ 1.2) φ2,
where φ1, φ2 are, respectively, the half-angle of the bundles of the head and tubular blocks of the finished striking elements. 8. The projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that its body and head cap are made of high-fragmentation steels 60C2, 80C2, 80G2S. 9. The projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the hull gear is made of plastisol composition. 10. The projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the part of the housing that is in contact with the thick-walled part of the tubular block of finished striking elements is equipped with a predetermined crushing device. 11. The projectile of claim 10, characterized in that the part of the housing in contact with the thick-walled part of the tubular block is made with longitudinal grooves of open or closed type or zones of structural weakening deposited on the outer or inner surface of the housing along its generatrices. 12. The projectile of claim 10, characterized in that the explosive charge located in the thick-walled part of the tubular block is made with a star-shaped cross-section having a diameter of the described circle equal to the inner diameter of the casing and equipped with wedge-shaped cumulative facings at the ends of the rays of the star.

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