RU2363917C1 - "krasnyikholm" splitter-in-beam projectile - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to ammunition that bring about circular and axial fields of injury. Proposed projectile comprises shell with explosive charge, front bottom and tail trajectory fuse, fragmentation block adjoining the front bottom and head cap. The shell front bottom represents semi-spherical body with its convex camber facing the projectile nose. The fragmentation block represents multi-layer semi-spherical splinter plating. Note that each layer of the said plating is made from steel or heavy alloy, e.g. that based on tungsten or tantalum with preset splintering.

EFFECT: higher penetrating power and improved strength characteristics.

8 cl, 10 dwg

Description

The invention relates to ammunition, and more specifically to fragmentation-beam projectiles that create two lesion fields: a circular field of fragments of natural fragmentation of the shell and an axial field of fragments of a given fragmentation or ready-to-use striking elements of the front fragmentation unit.

The fragmentation-beam projectile according to the patent RU 2137085, adopted as the closest analogue, contains a case with an explosive charge (BB), a flat front bottom and a bottom trajectory fuse, a fragmentation block adjacent to the front bottom made in the form of a set of ready-made striking elements, and a head cap.

The main disadvantage associated with the use of a block of ready-to-use striking elements (GGE) located outside the shell of the projectile is the difficulty of ensuring the strength of the block during large overloads that occur during firing. This is especially true for small-caliber and tank shells (overloads up to 40,000 ... 60,000). Special design measures must be taken leading to significant mass losses.

The flat design of the bottom worsens the penetrating effect of the projectile when firing at dense obstacles with the installation of the fuse on the impact action with deceleration.

The objective of the present invention is to increase the penetrating effect of the projectile.

The problem is solved in that the fragmentation-beam projectile contains a body with an explosive charge, a front bottom and a bottom trajectory fuse, a fragmentation unit and a head cap adjacent to the front bottom. The front bottom of the body is made hemispherical in shape, convex to the nose of the projectile, the fragmentation block is made in the form of a multilayer hemispherical fragmentation cladding, with each layer of fragmentation cladding made of steel or heavy alloy, for example, based on tungsten or tantalum with predetermined crushing.

In private versions, the fragmentation cladding layers are made with the possibility of their natural or predetermined crushing. The fragmentation cladding layer is made of ready-made striking elements with a shape that ensures their dense laying in the layer. The fragmentation cladding layers are made of 60C2, 80C2, 80G2S steels. The front bottom is made of constant or variable thickness. Layers of shrapnel lining are made of various materials.

The invention is illustrated by drawings: FIG. 1 - shell for a rifled gun, FIG. 2 - shell for a smoothbore tank gun, FIGS. 3 ... 10 - various designs of fragmentation cladding.

The projectile for the rifled system (Fig. 1) comprises a housing 1 with a leading belt 2 and a charge of explosive (BB) 3. A screw bottom 4 is attached to the bottom of the housing with a bottom traction fuse 5 provided with a receiver 6. The housing has a front hemispherical bottom 7 , convex to the nose of the projectile, which is adjacent to the fragmentation cladding 8, made in the form of a multilayer hemisphere. Lining layers can be made of steel or heavy alloys and can have natural crushing, predetermined crushing, or can be made in the form of a composite set of ready-made striking elements. In front of the projectile is the head cap 9.

Figure 2 presents the projectile for a smoothbore tank gun, stabilized by the drop-down stabilizer 10. The input commands in the fuse 5 is carried out via cable 11, located along the axis of the stabilizer rod. The projectile has a composite charge, consisting of two parts:

the main part 12, located in the cylindrical part of the body and made of standard relatively inexpensive explosives with moderate characteristics of brisance, and the front hemispherical part 13, made of high-explosive expensive explosives, for example, octogen or hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (CL-20).

Various embodiments of fragmentation cladding are presented in figure 3 ... 10. Cladding natural crushing shown in figure 3, 4. The most promising are multilayer cladding. Lining layers, as a rule, are made of high-fragmentation steels, for example, 60С2, 80С2, 80Г2С steels, or from heavy alloys based on tungsten, uranium, tantalum. It is possible to produce cladding in the form of a set of layers of various materials, for example, steel and tungsten alloy.

5, 6 show fragmentation lining of a given crushing. As measures of predetermined crushing, trimming can be used, as well as applying structural meshes by local hardening, carburization, phosphating, planning, laser and electron beam processing. 7 shows an example of a combined cladding having an outer layer of natural crushing and inner layers of a given crushing.

On Fig shows a composite cladding containing a set of ready-made striking elements (GGE) and a binder material, for example an epoxy compound. Figure 9 presents the combined lining, the outer layer of which is made with a given crushing, and the inner one in the form of a set of GGE. GGE can be made in the form, ensuring their tight laying in the layer.

The lining fastening on the housing can be carried out by rolling the outer layer into the annular groove of the housing (Fig. 3, 6, 7), using spot (Fig. 4) or ring (Fig. 5, 9) welding, by gluing (Fig. .8) or in other ways. Pairing the fragmentation cladding with the body can be carried out as a single-stage (Fig. 4, 5), multi-stage (Fig. 3, 6, 9), on a conical surface (Fig. 7, 8). In order to obtain a simpler and more technologically advanced construction, the front hemispherical part is preferably made with a total thickness equal to the thickness of the body wall. The spherical front bottom is more resistant to the inertial load from the fragmentation block (cladding) compared to the flat front bottom of the prototype, which reduces its thickness and thereby increase the thickness of the cladding.

The main type of action is the trajectory gap on the approach to the target, carried out using a bottom temporary, non-contact or command fuse. Under certain conditions, firing on the contact (impact) action of the fuse can be used. The installation can be introduced into the fuse before the shot, when the projectile passes through the induction muzzle or on the trajectory using a radio command or a laser beam.

At a proactive point in front of the target, the trajectory fuse causes an explosive charge to be detonated. In this case, two fields are formed: a circular field of fragments of the hull and a front field consisting of fragments of natural fragmentation of the front bottom and fragments of a given fragmentation or GGE of fragmentation lining. Moreover, due to the spherical symmetry of the expansion of the cladding, the formation of elongated fragments (“sabers”) is prevented, which is the main obstacle to obtaining high-quality fragmentation spectra (see the monograph “Explosion Physics”, edited by L. P. Orlenko, Fizmatlit, 2002, v.2, p. 76).

Since with the same thickness of the body and the front hemisphere and when using heavy metals in the latter, the mass of metal per unit of the contact surface with the explosive for the hemisphere is larger, which leads to a decrease in the throwing speed of the cladding compared to the body. To compensate for this phenomenon, the front hemisphere can be equipped with a more powerful explosive, for example, octogen or hexanitrohexaazavurzitan.

An important advantage of the proposed projectile relative to the prototype is the high penetrating effect in solid obstacles, including brick and concrete, while ensuring the safety of the explosive charge. In this case, it is possible to preserve part of the fragmentation cladding at the front bottom, which, when a projectile is detonated behind an obstacle, will significantly enhance the after-fragmentation effect.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the efficiency and safety of fragmentation-beam shells while reducing the cost of their production.

Claims (8)

1. A fragmentation-beam projectile containing a shell with an explosive charge, a front bottom and a bottom trajectory fuse, a fragmentation block and a head cap adjacent to the front bottom, characterized in that the front bottom of the shell is hemispherical in shape, convex to the projectile nose, a fragmentation block made in the form of a multilayer hemispherical fragmentation cladding, with each layer of fragmentation cladding made of steel or heavy alloy. 2. The shell according to claim 1, characterized in that the layers of fragmentation cladding made with the possibility of their natural or predetermined crushing. 3. The projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the fragmentation cladding layer is made of ready-made striking elements. 4. The projectile according to claim 3, characterized in that the finished striking elements are made with a shape that ensures their tight laying in the layer. 5. The projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the layers of shrapnel lining are made of steels 60C2, 80C2, 80G2S. 6. The projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the front bottom is made of constant thickness. 7. The projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the front bottom is made of variable thickness. 8. The projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the layers of shrapnel lining are made of various materials.

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