RU2516871C1 - "yeleshnya" supercalibre beam grenade for hand grenade launcher to be assembled before shooting - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: proposed supercalibre beam grenade is assembled before blasting. This grenade consists of calibre and supercalibre parts. Calibre part comprises jet engine and launch booster. Supercalibre warhead is composed of round disc fitted perpendicular to grenade axis and equipped with head cap. Said disc comprises flat explosive charge, layer of finished hitting elements composed by high-explosive plate, and path fuse. Calibre part and head cap can be separated from supercalibre warhead in operation. Calibre, supercalibre and head cap are carried in separated bags.

EFFECT: higher hitting efficiency.

10 cl, 14 dwg

Description

The invention relates to ammunition, and more particularly to beam ammunition that strikes a target with a beam of ready-to-use striking elements (GGE) directed along the axis of the ammunition.

In [1], a beam grenade for a hand grenade launcher was proposed, consisting of a caliber part containing a jet engine and a starting accelerator, and an over-caliber warhead made in the form of a circular disk mounted perpendicular to the axis of the grenade and containing a flat explosive charge (HE) layer (fragmentation plate) and trajectory - remote time - fuse, and equipped with a combat cap. This design is adopted as a prototype of the invention.

Calculations show that under the given restrictions on the mass of grenades for standard grenade launchers of caliber 40 mm, the maximum effect of the GGE beam for typical purposes is achieved with a diameter of the warhead of 140 ... 160 mm. The grenade takes on a non-compact form, making it difficult to carry the grenade ammunition calculation. This is a disadvantage of the prototype.

Another disadvantage of the prototype is that a remote (temporary) fuse, usually satisfying the requirements for firing at fixed targets, is unsuitable for firing at a moving air target due to the possible significant displacement of the target after flight time is introduced into the fuse before the gap.

Another disadvantage is the fixed value of the expansion angle of the axial beam of the GGE, which does not allow for effective shooting of various types (single or group).

The present invention addresses these drawbacks. The technical solution consists in the fact that the caliber part and the head cap are detachable in official circulation from the over-caliber warhead and transported in separate bags, the trajectory fuse is carried out with two switchable types of action - temporary and non-contact, it is possible to execute the warhead with an adjustable expansion angle GGE beam.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 - parts of the grenade before firing, figure 2 - the grenade assembly, figure 3 - grenade in flight, figure 4, 5 - longitudinal sections of the anti-personnel warhead, figure 6 is a longitudinal section of the anti-vehicle warhead, figure 7 - a longitudinal section of an anti-vehicle warhead with a plane wave generator, Fig. 8, 9 - longitudinal sections of warheads with an adjustable scattering angle of the striking elements, Fig. 10 - options for docking the head cap, Fig. 11 - carrying parts of a grenade, Fig. 12 - action of a grenade when firing, Fig.13 - action grenades with mounted trelbe, 14 - the action of grenades with an adjustable beam angle.

Separately transported parts of the grenade before the shot are shown in Fig. 1 (1 - the starting accelerator, 2 - the jet engine, 3 - the trajectory fuse, 4 - the supercaliber beam warhead, 5 - the head cover).

Figure 2 presents the grenade assembly. The parts are connected by bayonet, threaded or other methods. Figure 3 presents the grenade in flight after the combustion of the launch accelerator and the opening of the stabilizer 6.

Options for the implementation of the beam warhead are presented in figure 4 ... 9. In all cases, the trajectory fuse is switchable to two types of action, i.e. contains a temporary action section and a non-contact action section of the "rangefinder" type. The anti-personnel warhead shown in Fig. 4, made in the form of a flat disk, contains a thin-walled housing 7 with an axial socket 8, which provides a threaded or bayonet connection with a fuse 3. The housing is expediently made of light alloys or composite materials, including using carbon fiber.

The housing contains a charge of explosive 9, at the front end of which is installed a layer of ready-made striking elements (GGE) 10 (fragmentation plate). GGE can be made of steel or heavy alloys based on tungsten or tantalum. An annular ledge 11 may be formed on the outer surface of the front of the housing for attaching a head cap.

Figure 5 presents an anti-personnel warhead with a convex fragmentation plate 12 directed by the apex in the direction of flight, made in the form of a set of GGEs that allow tight packing (cube, hexagonal prism, etc.). The convex fragmentation plate can be made in the form of a plate of a given crushing, provided, for example, by its corrugation.

Figure 6 presents the anti-vehicle warhead. The fragmentation plate is made in the form of a thin disk 13 with recesses 14 extruded on it, having the shape of spherical segments and facing vertices to the explosive charge. For anti-vehicle warheads, it is advisable to use a non-contact detonation provided by an antenna 15 located on the side surface of the warhead and connected to a non-contact fuse section 3.

The warhead shown in Fig. 7 is equipped with a plane detonation wave generator containing explosive charge 16 and an impact plate 17 made in the form of a meniscus with its vertex facing charge 16. In this design, the fragmentation plate is made in the form of a thin disk with hemispherical extruded on it recesses, providing during the explosion the formation of "shock nuclei" (explosive bullets (WFP)).

On Fig, 9 presents the performance of the warheads with an adjustable angle of expansion of the GGE. In both cases, the trajectory fuse has two switched channels at the exit - to undermine the axial detonator 17 ′ (in the case of the formation of a wide-angle field) and to undermine the system of peripheral detonators located around the circumference near the cylindrical surface (in the case of the formation of a narrow field). In the design shown in Fig. 8, the detonation of the peripheral detonators 18 is carried out using a radial detonation wiring 19 coming from the fuse. In the design shown in FIG. 9, multi-point electrical initiation is applied using wires 20 and electric detonators 21. A case of simultaneous initiation of axial and peripheral detonators is provided.

To facilitate assembly, an embodiment of the warhead is provided in the form of a truncated cone (Fig. 10a) or in the form of a mating cylinder with a truncated cone (Fig. 106).

Grenade parts are carried in separate bags. An example of the execution of bags is shown in Fig.11. In the shoulder bags 22 and 23, the gauge parts and the head caps are carried respectively, while the caps are nested into each other. The side bags 24 carry a set of warheads. We give an example of a typical composition of a portable ammunition:

gauge part 4 things. head cap 4 things. anti-personnel warhead 3 pcs. anti-warhead warhead 2 pcs.

Before the shot, the grenade is assembled. For grenades for a standard RPG-7 grenade launcher, in general, the assembly includes three operations:

- connection of the starting charge with the jet engine;

- connection of the received caliber part with the warhead;

- joining the warhead of the head cover.

The type of action of the fuse (temporary or non-contact) is introduced into the trajectory fuse using a contact or non-contact method, and in the first case, the time interval from the moment of the shot to the burst of the grenade (flight time) obtained from the wearable trajectory detonator, which includes a laser rangefinder and a computer.

For grenades with an adjustable angle of expansion of the GGE, depending on the type of target, the angle of the beam is entered (when shooting at a single target - a small angle, when shooting at a group target - a large angle). Then a shot is fired. The large diameter of the warhead will lead to an increase in air resistance during flight and, as a result, to a decrease in the firing range. For RPG grenades, given the subsonic mode of their flight, this will not lead to unacceptable consequences. The calculation of the trajectories is carried out using tables of external ballistics [2]. Input values in them are the initial velocity of the grenade V _o , the throw angle V _o and the ballistic coefficient C. The latter is determined by the ratio

Here i is the grenade shape coefficient, d is the caliber, dm, Q is the mass of the grenade in flight, kg. In our case, the diameter of the sub-caliber warhead d = 150 mm = 1.5 dm, Q = 3 kg, i = 0.8, whence

Taking the initial velocity of the grenade V _o = 250 m / s, the throw angle θ = 5 °, according to [2] (p.11), we get the maximum firing range of 846 m, which is quite sufficient for weapons of this class.

With the approach of the anti-personnel grenade of FIG. 4, the temporary fuse mechanism issues a command to detonate the axial detonator at the estimated point of detonation. The detonation wave diverges along the explosive charge in radial directions, which leads to the formation of a GGE beam with a significant angle γ of the beam half-solution (Fig. 12). For the grenades of FIG. 5, the angle is even more significant.

The fragmentation of the thin-walled warhead body occurs with the formation of light non-lethal fragments, which reduces the impact on buildings and the civilian population when grenades are used in settlements during asymmetric wars.

In the explosion of the warhead of FIG. 6, when the detonation wave compresses the segment grooves, high-speed explosive-formed bullets (WF bullets) are formed (“shock nuclei”). The configuration of these bullets is determined by the geometric proportions of the recess. It is advisable to form elongated WF bullets with a maximum breakdown effect [3].

In the explosion of the warhead of Fig. 7, equipped with a plane-wave generator, the axial detonator causes an explosion of the explosive charge 16, throwing the meniscus plate 17. During acceleration, the plate straightens to a flat surface and strikes the back surface of the main explosive charge 9, exciting a plane detonation wave in it . With the simultaneous incidence of the detonation wave on the fragmentation plate, a beam with a small expansion angle is realized. The advantage of this scheme is especially noticeable in designs with WF bullets, since it provides the same loading conditions for all meniscus plates.

Shooting with beam grenades can be conducted both along the lay (Fig. 12), and along the mounted (Fig. 13) trajectories. When firing at infantry targets (Fig. 12a), the temporary fuse section is predominantly used, while firing at large targets (vehicles, helicopters) (Fig. 12b) is predominantly a non-contact section.

Mounted shooting is used to hit targets in trenches, bunds, on reverse slopes (Fig.13a) or to hit targets located behind buildings, walls, etc. (Fig.13b). In this case, the predominantly non-contact fuse section is used.

On Fig presents in plan views of the axial fields when firing grenades equipped with fuses with an adjustable angle of expansion of the beam of the GGE (figa - shooting at a single target 25, a small angle γ, Fig.14b - shooting at a group target 26, a large angle γ )

EFFECT: increased efficiency of the action of over-caliber beam grenades for hand grenade launchers.

Literature

1. RU 2118788.

2. Tables of external ballistics.

3. The main elements of the trajectory. Military Publishing House of the USSR Ministry of the Interior, M., 1949. Part I. Explosion Physics / Ed. L.P. Orlenko. Ed. 3rd, fix T.2, sect. 17. Cumulation.

Claims (10)

1. Nadkalibernaya beam grenade to a hand grenade launcher, assembled before detonation, consisting of a caliber part containing a jet engine and a starting accelerator, and an nucaliber warhead made in the form of a circular disk mounted perpendicular to the axis of the grenade and containing a flat explosive charge, a layer of ready-to-use striking elements (fragmentation plate) and a trajectory fuse, and equipped with a head cap, characterized in that the caliber part and the head cap are made with the possibility of separation in uzhebnom nadkalibernoy circulation from the warhead and the transfer in individual bags. 2. Grenade according to claim 1, characterized in that the trajectory fuse is switchable to two types of action, i.e. contains a temporary action section and a non-contact action section. 3. The grenade according to claim 1, characterized in that the fragmentation plate is convex, directed apex in the direction of flight. 4. Grenade according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that the convex fragmentation plate is made in the form of a plate of a given crushing, for example, by means of corrugation. 5. Grenade according to claim 1, characterized in that the fragmentation plate is made in the form of a thin disk with extruded recesses having the shape of spherical segments and facing vertices to the explosive charge. 6. The grenade according to claim 1, characterized in that the warhead is equipped with a plane detonation wave generator containing an explosive charge and a shock plate made in the form of a meniscus with its apex facing this charge. 7. The grenade according to claim 1, characterized in that the fuse of the warhead has two channels at the exit - to undermine the axial detonator and to undermine the system of peripheral detonators located around a circle near a cylindrical surface. 8. Grenade according to claim 7, characterized in that the warhead is made with radial detonation wiring from the fuse to the peripheral detonators. 9. The grenade according to claim 7, characterized in that the warhead contains a system of multipoint electric initiation of peripheral detonators containing electric wires and electric detonators. 10. Grenade according to claim 1, characterized in that the warhead is made in the form of a truncated cone or in the form of a mating cylinder with a truncated cone.

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