RU2247929C1 - Fragmentation-charge bundle projectile with separating propellant sections "papog" - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: ammunition, having axial and circular destruction fields at the same time.

SUBSTANCE: the fragmentation-charge bundle projectile has a body with a powder bursting charge located in it, and a set of propellant sections located in succession in the projectile axis, each of them has body with an explosive charge and packed on its end face surface facing the projectile head, fragmentation disk and an impact-trajectory fuse. The projectile is made for separation of the sections without separation of them from the projectile, it has a hollow axial beam fastened to the body bottom and having a length exceeding the body length, the propellant sections are made with an axial duct having a section corresponding to the beam section, a system for initiation of the propellant sections and a device for fixing the sections on the beam are positioned in the beam cavity.

EFFECT: enhanced destructive effect of the ammunition.

10 cl, 8 dwg

Description

The invention relates to ammunition, and more specifically to fragmentation ammunition having simultaneously axial and circular fields of destruction.

Known fragmentation-beam shells, in the housings of which are placed an explosive charge, a bottom trajectory fuse with a detonator, and a front block of finished striking elements made of steel or heavy alloys [1]. The disadvantage of this design is the low efficiency of the use of explosive charge energy due to the small contact area of the charge with the GGE block and, as a consequence, the low throwing speed of the multilayer GGE block.

This disadvantage is eliminated in the design of a cluster fragmentation-beam projectile [2]. In the shell of the projectile contains a set of cylindrical throwing blocks, sequentially located along the axis of the projectile, a trajectory fuse and a powder blowout. The throwing unit consists of a housing, an explosive charge located in it, and a detonator. When the projectile approaches the target, the blocks are sequentially thrown out of the body forward or backward in the direction of travel, and then they undermine and throw GGE. The disadvantages of this design are the difficulty of reliable stabilization of the flight of the throwing blocks after ejecting them from the hull, especially for shells of smooth-bore tank guns, and the implementation of such a blasting of blocks, in which there would be no destruction of the blocks during the first blasting of one of them.

The present invention addresses these drawbacks. The technical solution consists in the fact that the fragmentation-beam projectile contains a housing with a powder charge placed in it and a set of throwing blocks arranged in series along the axis of the projectile, each of which contains a housing with an explosive charge and placed on its end surface facing the projectile head , fragmentation disk and impact trajectory fuse. The projectile is made with the possibility of expanding the blocks without separating them from the projectile, contains a hollow axial beam fastened to the bottom of the body and having a length greater than the length of the body, throwing blocks are made with an axial channel having a section corresponding to the section of the beam, an initiation system is placed in the inner cavity of the beam throwing blocks and a device for fixing blocks on a beam.

Throwing blocks can be made with flat, concave or convex end surfaces and face the same surfaces in one direction.

The fragmentation disk can be made in the form of a single-layer or multi-layer set of ready-made striking elements made of steel or heavy alloys based on tungsten.

Ready damaging elements can be made in a form that ensures their tight packing in a fragmentation disk.

The fragmentation disk can be made with predetermined crushing due to the application of corrugation, including hidden undercutting, or structural networks deposited by laser, electron beam, or local chemical-thermal treatment.

The fragmentation disk can be made with natural crushing from high-fragmentation silicon or high-carbon steel.

The initiation system can be made with the possibility of both synchronous blasting of blocks, and blasting in a given sequence.

Housings throwing blocks can be equipped with calibrated channels running parallel to the axis of the block.

The trajectory fuse can be performed either with a temporary, or with a non-contact, or with a command action.

The relative distance between the blocks must satisfy the condition: Δ / d≥ (1 + 2δ / d) sinα, where Δ is the distance between the blocks, d is the diameter of the block, δ is the thickness of the bottom of the light alloy, α is the angle of inclination of the generatrix of the block to the radius.

In Fig.1 shows a shell for a smoothbore gun with a head fuse, Fig.2-4 - examples of the execution of the throwing blocks, Fig.5 - the position of the blocks on the axial beam in the extended state, Fig.6 - diagram of the action of the projectile, Fig .7 is a diagram of the expansion of the fragmentation disk and the propelling unit body; in Fig. 8 is a view of the projectile at the time preceding the detonation.

The general scheme of the projectile for a smoothbore gun is shown in FIG. The projectile comprises a housing 1 connected by a threaded connection to the head cap 2. A powder explosive charge 3 is placed in the shell body, an axial hollow guide beam 4 fastened to the bottom of the projectile, a set of throwing blocks 5. In the front of the cap is a head impact fuse 6 sec the receiver of the commands 7. In the cavity of the axial beam placed electric or pyrotechnic channel 8 ignition kickout charge and the initiation system of 9 propelling units. In the bottom of the projectile is a drop down stabilizer 10.

The execution scheme of the throwing blocks are presented in figure 2-4. The block shown in FIG. 2 includes a housing 11 made primarily of light alloys or reinforced plastic, a charge of explosive 12 with a fuse or detonator 13, and a fragmentation disk 14. A through channel 15 with a section corresponding to the section of the beam, for example, is located along the axis of the block round or square. The fragmentation disk 14 in this case is made in the form of a single-layer stacking of ready-made striking elements (GGE). Figure 3 presents the throwing unit with a composite conical shape. The bottom of the housing 16 is made of light alloy or reinforced plastic, and the cylindrical part of the housing 17 is made of steel. The conical fragmentation disk is made with predetermined or natural crushing. Methods of performing fragmentation disks are described in detail in patent No. 2194240 of the Russian Federation. Figure 4 presents an example of the execution of the throwing unit with a concave disk provided with spherical recesses (menisci) 18.

Figure 5 shows the location of the blocks on the axial beam and the system of their initiation. Blocks are shown in the extended position at the moment preceding the detonation. The blocks are fixed on the beam using devices 19. Detonators 20 are placed in the internal cavity of the beam, mating with ring transfer charges (detonators) 13. Blocks can be replaced with detonators replaced by self-contained fuses connected electrically to the head fuse 6. For rifled shells it is preferable to design a beam with a cross section of a square or polygonal shape, which ensures reliable transmission of torque from the housing to a set of blocks.

The head fuse is multifunctional, i.e. can be installed through the command receiver on the trajectory gap with the release of throwing blocks, which is the main type of action, as well as on the trajectory gap without ejecting the blocks (detonation of the projectile assembly) and shock break.

The action of the projectile is as follows. At the calculated point of the trajectory, the trajectory head fuse (temporary, non-contact or command type) is triggered. A pyrotechnic or electric channel receives a signal to ignite a powder expelling charge. Powder gases through calibrated channels 20 enter the gaps between the throwing blocks and push them forward. The front throwing units come out of the housing with the thread cutting of the head cap. The blocks slide along the beam, and after the locking devices are activated, they are fixed on it in certain positions. After the pyrotechnic or electric moderator is triggered, a command is issued to detonate the detonators 9, with the transmission of the annular detonation pulse to the charges of the blocks. The order and time intervals between blasting blocks, in the particular case of synchronous blasting of all blocks, are established from the conditions for obtaining the optimal distribution of the GGE in the expansion angle. When undermining the blocks, a forward flow of GGE is formed. In case of detonation of the throwing unit, the minimum impact of the backward flying bottom of the unit on the forward-moving fragmentation disk of the next unit must be ensured. This is ensured by the selection of a sufficient gap between the blocks, the order of the blocks undermining, the material, the thickness and shape of the bottom of the block. The speed of bottom fragments is 1.5-2 times higher than the speed of the fragmentation disk. Approximately the same relation holds for the declination angles of fragmentation flows φ _t (Taylor angles). With the right choice of all parameters, the bulk of the fragments of the bottom should pass outside the circumference of the fragmentation plate (Fig.7) and not have a noticeable effect on the axial flow.

The processes of throwing fragmentation plates and the interaction of fragments of blocks extended from the housing and located inside the housing have significant differences. Computer simulation showed that for a charge located outside the case, this is performed under the condition

where Δ is the distance between the blocks, d is the diameter of the blocks, δ is the thickness of the bottom of the light alloy, α is the angle of inclination of the generatrix of the block to the radius.

With correctly selected configurations, the reduction in the speed of the fragmentation disk due to its inhibition by hitting the bottom in front of the located block for a block located outside the case does not exceed 10%, and for a block located in the case - 30%.

In the case of firing at the percussion, the percussion mechanism of the head fuse through the initiation system causes detonation of the set of blocks in the assembly. Similarly, the projectile operates with a trajectory rupture carried out without throwing throwing blocks. In these cases, targets are defeated due to the compression action of the projectile (the action of an air shock wave) and fragments flying from the side surface of the throwing blocks, as well as fragments of the natural fragmentation of the body. Shrapnel disks with this type of action have a relatively small radial speed, but nevertheless make a significant contribution to the overall fragmentation effect of the munition.

The proposed fragmentation-beam projectile is very promising for light helicopter transportable assault guns of the mobile forces of the Tver family [3]. According to the tactical conditions of regional conflicts, fragmentation compression shells with an increased explosive charge and axial-action shells with a large depth of destruction are necessary for these systems. Due to the fact that the initial velocity of the assault cannon shells is small (250-300 m / s), the possibility of using conventional powder shrapnel and card shells disappears, and the most promising is the fragmentation-beam projectile of the proposed or cluster type. Calculations show that when suppressing small maneuvering groups of the enemy in the conditions of persistent firing, a cluster fragmentation-fragmentation projectile has a significant advantage over other types of projectiles, including monoblock fragmentation-fragmentation projectiles according to patents No. 2018779, 2108538 RF, No. 56661254, 5900580 US )

Significant advantages of the proposed scheme are manifested when it is used in the design of a tank shell designed to suppress tank-hazardous ground and air targets. The proposed scheme is also promising for munitions with a hinged trajectory designed to destroy targets in trenches, bunks, on reverse slopes, etc., including projectiles of long-range guns, barrels, multiple launch rocket systems, aerial bombs, etc.

List of references

1. Patent No. 2018779 of the Russian Federation.

2. Patent No. 2194240 of the Russian Federation.

3. Odintsov V.A. Optimization of the caliber of the short-range artillery complex "Tver" // Defense technology. - 2002. - No. 11.

Claims (10)

1. A fragmentation-beam projectile, comprising a shell with a powder expelling charge placed inside it and a set of throwing blocks successively arranged along the axis of the projectile, each of which contains a shell with an explosive charge and placed on its end surface facing the projectile head, a fragmentation disk and shock-trajectory fuse, characterized in that the projectile is arranged to extend the blocks without separating them from the projectile, contains a hollow axial beam fastened to the bottom of the body and having a length greater than housing lines, throwing blocks are made with an axial channel having a section corresponding to the beam section, in the inner cavity of the beam there is a system for initiating throwing blocks and a device for fixing blocks on the beam. 2. The projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the throwing blocks are made with flat, concave or convex end surfaces and face the same name in one direction. 3. The projectile according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that the fragmentation disk is made in the form of a single-layer or multi-layer set of finished striking elements made of steel or heavy alloys based on tungsten. 4. The projectile according to claim 3, characterized in that the finished striking elements are made in a form that ensures their tight packing in the fragmentation disk. 5. The projectile according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that the fragmentation disk is made with predetermined crushing due to the application of corrugation, including hidden undercutting, or structural grids deposited by laser, electron beam or local chemical-thermal treatment. 6. The projectile according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that the fragmentation disk is made with natural crushing of high-fragmentation silicon or high-carbon steel. 7. The projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the initiation system is configured to synchronously detonate blocks as well as detonate in a predetermined sequence. 8. The projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the housing of the throwing blocks are provided with calibrated channels running parallel to the axis of the block. 9. The projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the trajectory fuse is made with either temporary or non-contact or command action. 10. The projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the relative distance between the blocks must satisfy the condition: Δ / d≥ (1 + 2δ / d) sinα, where Δ is the distance between the blocks, d is the diameter of the block, δ is the bottom thickness of light alloy, α is the angle of inclination of the generatrix of the block to the radius.

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