RU2512052C1 - "gostizha" bundle grenade with umbrella warhead opening device for hand grenade launcher - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: bundle grenade with umbrella device for warhead opening includes warhead, explosive charge, layer of ready destruction elements on the external unit surface, and fuse. Warhead consists of axial rod and several lengthwise projectile blocks. Projectile blocks are attached by joints to the front rod part and connected to umbrella device turning blocks into position perpendicular to the rod axis. Projectile block features cross-section shaped to incomplete sector. Fuse is positioned in the front part of block and connected to in-flight fuse. Radius of external cylindrical surface of the block can be expanded compared to radius of the grenade shell. In-flight / impact fuse includes three-position switch for warhead expansion and in-flight detonation, in-flight detonation without expansion, impact detonation without detonation.

EFFECT: higher hitting efficiency.

5 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to ammunition, and more particularly to anti-personnel beam grenades of hand grenade launchers.

It is known that beam grenades, i.e. grenades, which create an axial beam of ready-made striking elements (GGE) during an explosion, provide a higher probability of hitting targets than conventional grenades with a circular fragmentation field. In [1], a grenade with an over-caliber beam warhead for an RPG-7 type grenade launcher was proposed.

Recently, the development of hand grenade launchers is on the way to developing caliber schemes with grenades that are entirely located in the barrel. These include domestic RPG-18 "Fly" grenade launchers, RPG-22 "Net", RPG-26 "Aglen", RPG-27 "Tavolga", RPG-29 "Vampire". For grenades of these grenade launchers, an increase in the “explosive (BB) - GGE layer” contact area can be achieved by using the cylindrical surface of a grenade to throw GGE.

A design of this type with an umbrella device for opening the warhead was proposed in [2]. An ammunition (aerial bomb) contains a warhead consisting of an axial rod, several longitudinal throwing blocks pivotally attached to the front of the rod and connected to the umbrella mechanism to rotate the blocks to a position perpendicular to the axis of the rod, while the throwing block has a cross section in the form of an incomplete sector, contains an explosive charge, a layer of ready-made striking elements (PE) on the outer surface of the block and a detonator located in front of the block and connected to the trajectory fuse, and torny fuse comprises a series connection opening mechanism blocks the warhead (mechanical or pyrotechnic) and its detonation.

This design is adopted as a prototype of the invention.

. При этом ПЭ будут разлетаться как минимум в этом же угле, т.е. при N=3 угол разлета составит 120°, при N=4 - 90°, при N=6 - 60°.Among the disadvantages of the prototype is the unfavorable cross-sectional shape of the propelling unit. The block is obtained by dividing the cylinder into N sector parts. The outer surface of the block thus represents a part of the cylindrical surface of the grenade with a central angle $$2\varphi =\frac{{360}^{\circ }}{N}$$

. In this case, PE will fly apart at least in the same angle, i.e. at N = 3, the expansion angle will be 120 °, at N = 4 - 90 °, at N = 6 - 60 °.

Obviously, the expansion angles are excessively large, which will lead to a rapid decrease in the PE field density.

Another disadvantage of the prototype is the fixed scheme of action (disclosure-detonation), which eliminates such useful types of action as trajectory and ground explosions in the assembly (without disclosing the warhead).

The present invention addresses these drawbacks.

The technical solution is that the configuration of the throwing blocks is changed, namely, the outer cylindrical surface of the block is made with an increased radius relative to the radius of the grenade body. On the other hand, a switch for three types of action was introduced into the fuse: opening the warhead and trajectory blasting, trajectory blasting without opening, shock blasting without opening.

The design also introduced a jet engine, which is absent in the prototype (aerial bomb).

Illustrations: FIG. 1 is a general view of a grenade, FIGS. 2, 3 are cross-sections of various designs of propelling units, FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional geometry of a propelling unit, FIG. 5 is a graph of R = f (N), FIG. action grenades.

The grenade shown in figure 1 (a-in the initial state, 6 after opening the warhead), contains in the rear of the jet engine 1, the disclosed warhead 2, the head cap 3, trajectory-impact fuse 4. The warhead consists of throwing blocks 5, an axial rod 6 and an umbrella mechanism 7 for opening the throwing blocks. At the rear of the engine, a drop-down stabilizer 8 is installed.

Cross sections of throwing blocks shown in figa, b, c. The block consists of a housing 9 containing a charge of explosive (BB) 10 and a fragmentation plate made in the form of a set of 11 compact ready-made striking elements (single-layer, figa, 2b or multilayer figv). GGE can be made both from steel and from heavy alloys based on tungsten or tantalum. The fragmentation plate shown in Fig.2b contains both types of GGE, with steel GGE (no hatching) located at the edges of the plate, and heavy alloy GGE (shaded) in the middle zone of the plate.

Two-dimensional computer simulation of the propellant block explosion process showed that due to the fast unloading of detonation products through the lateral surfaces of the fragmentation block, the velocity of the fragmentation plate decreases from the axis of symmetry of the section to the edges, which leads to separation of the GGE flow. The above arrangement of steel and heavy alloy GPEs significantly reduces separation.

Figure 3 presents other possible designs of fragmentation plates.

The fragmentation plate in Fig. 3a is made in the form of a plate of predetermined crushing 12 with internal corrugation. On figb presents a thin-walled plate with extruded meniscus recesses 13, providing when the explosion is formed of explosive bullets ("shock nuclei"). On figv fragmentation plate is made in the form of a set of rods 14 of square cross-section, laid along the throwing unit and alternately connected by the upper and lower ends. During the explosion, a high-speed “whip” is formed, causing continuous cuts of aircraft panels.

The radius R of the outer cylindrical surface of the block is determined based on the desired half-angle of the beam of the damaging elements. In a first approximation, we assume that the PE velocity vector is directed normal to the outer surface of the plate. The corresponding construction is presented in figure 4 (15 - the outer contour of the grenade, 16 - the contour of the outer cylindrical surface of the throwing block, the cross section of the block is shaded).

We have an obvious relation

rsinφ = Rsinφ,

where r is the radius of the grenade body.

и учитывая, что $$\varphi =\frac{{180}^0}{N}$$

(N - число метательных блоков), получимIntroducing the concept of relative radius $$\overline{R}=\frac{R}{r}$$

and given that $$\varphi =\frac{{180}^0}{N}$$

(N is the number of throwing blocks), we obtain

$$\overline{R}=\frac{\sin (\frac{{180}^0}{N})}{\sin \varphi \text{'}\text{'}}$$

, где φ=10 и 15°, представлены на фиг.5. Как следует из графика, диапазон $$\overline{R}=2\dots 4$$

(заштрихован) охватывает практически все реальные комбинации величин N-φ'.Dependencies $$\overline{R}=f\left(N\right)$$

where φ = 10 and 15 °, are presented in figure 5. As follows from the graph, the range $$\overline{R}=2...\mathrm{four}$$

(shaded) covers almost all real combinations of N-φ 'values.

Grenade action

The grenade launcher is equipped with a laser rangefinder, a ballistic computer and a device input device into the fuse.

There are three types of shooting (Fig.6):

1) With the disclosure of the warhead, detonation at an anticipated point in front of the target and hitting the target with an axial field (beam). Subspecies: when lay shooting (figa), with mounted shooting (fig.66);

2) With an air blast over the target without disclosing the warhead. Subspecies: when lay shooting (Fig.6c), with mounted shooting (Fig.6g);

3) With a land blast without disclosing the warhead. Subspecies: when lay shooting (Fig.6d), with mounted shooting (Fig.6e).

The first and second types are used for hitting targets both in open areas and for hitting targets in trenches, bunds, on reverse slopes, behind structures, and the third type - when the rangefinder or calculator fails, when shooting at structures and vehicles.

Before the shot, the type of shooting is determined: for the first two types - range to the target, flight time before the disclosure of the warhead (for the 1st type) or before detonation (for the 2nd type). Installation in a non-contact way is introduced into the trajectory-impact fuse.

When firing the 1st type when approaching the opening point, the fuse gives a command to open the warhead. The umbrella mechanism, under the influence of a pyrotechnic drive, opens the warhead, i.e. sets throwing blocks in a position perpendicular to the axis of the projectile. Then the fuse gives a command to detonate the throwing blocks. As a result of the detonation, a total bunch of GGE or fragments of a given crushing is formed, striking the target.

When sterling the 2nd type of grenade, it is undermined above the target (trench, embankment) in the initial state. The defeat of the target is carried out by the circular field of the GGE or fragments.

When shooting a third type of grenade, it is blown up when it hits the ground or another obstacle (transport, building wall, etc.).

The proposed caliber beam grenade is intended mainly for RPG-29 type reusable hand grenade launchers equipped with a range finder, ballistic computer and non-contact input device. When firing from disposable grenade launchers of the RPG-18 “Fly” type, the specified equipment should be located outside the grenade launcher. For example, a laser rangefinder can be mounted on a shooter's helmet, and a ballistic computer in a bag [3].

Calculations show that the proposed design of the beam caliber grenade has a noticeable superiority in efficiency over other structural schemes with the disclosure of warheads.

Effect: increase the combat effectiveness of beam grenades for hand grenade launchers.

Literature

1. RU 2118788.

2. Prev US Pat. 2340652 Germany, F42B 13/50, declared. 08/10/73, publ. 4.04.74.

3. RU 2362962.

Claims (5)

1. Beam grenade with an umbrella device for opening the warhead, comprising a warhead consisting of an axial rod, several longitudinal throwing units pivotally attached to the front of the rod and connected to the umbrella rotation mechanism of the blocks in a position perpendicular to the axis of the rod, while the throwing unit has a cross-section in the form of an incomplete sector, contains an explosive charge, a layer of ready-made striking elements on the outer surface of the block and a detonator located in front of the block and with the possibility of connecting with a trajectory fuse, characterized in that the outer cylindrical surface of the block is configured to increase the radius with respect to the radius of the grenade body, and a switch for three types of action is introduced into the trajectory-impact fuse: opening the warhead and trajectory detonation, trajectory detonation without disclosure, shock detonation without disclosure. 2. Grenade according to claim 1, characterized in that the ratio of the radius of the outer cylindrical surface of the block to the radius of the body of the grenade is within 2 ... 4. 3. Grenade according to claim 1, characterized in that the back of the grenade contains a jet engine. 4. The grenade according to claim 1, characterized in that the fragmentation plate of the throwing unit is either in the form of a set of compact ready-made striking elements, or in the form of a plate of predetermined crushing, or in the form of a thin-walled plate with meniscus depressions extruded on it, or in the form of a set of rods square cross-section, laid along the throwing unit and alternately connected by the upper and lower ends, while the sets and plates can be made of both steel and heavy alloys based on tungsten or tantalum. 5. The grenade according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the set of striking elements contains both steel and heavy alloy elements, the steel being located at the edges of the plate, and the heavy alloy in the middle zone of the plate.

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