RU2475694C1 - Cassette-type high-explosive projectile for tank smooth-bore gun - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: proposed projectile comprises body with point fuse and screw-in bottom, set of cylindrical fragmentation subprojectiles, cup, blow-out powder charge, and unfolding fin. Said subprojectiles have flat bottoms and diameter equal to body ID. Blow-out powder charge is arranged between point fuse and set of fragmentation subprojectiles. Every subprojectile comprises charge of explosive and fuse. Cup is arranged along axis of symmetry of the projectile to extend through axial channels in subprojectiles. Said cup is filled with high-order explosive charge. Projectile inner surface is rifled while subprojectile outer surface is provided with pins located in said rifles.

EFFECT: higher hitting efficiency.

4 dwg

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to ammunition (BP), and more particularly to a tank cluster shells for smoothbore guns.

State of the art

A close technical solution is known [1], adopted as an analogue, in which armored vehicles are protected by throwing in the direction of the threat of aerosol-forming grenades. The essence of the invention lies in the fact that the veil is formed in depth by alternately ejecting pyrotechnic burning elements from the grenade body on an ascending stable section of its flight path. These elements are interconnected in groups and are thrown in the direction opposite to the direction of flight of the grenade, with a speed less than or equal to the speed of the grenade. To distribute these elements along the front, groups of burning elements are divided into individual elements of irregular aerodynamic shape, followed by their braking and aerodynamic dispersion.

Common features with the proposed technical solution is the presence of a projectile containing a shell, a knock-out bottom, a set of cylindrical sub-shells made with flat bottoms and a diameter equal to the inner diameter of the shell, with a central groove filled with an ignition-blast charge, and a knockout powder charge.

The disadvantages include the following:

1. In [1], it is noted that “under the influence of the gases formed, the grenade is thrown out of the mortar and within a certain time makes a stable flight in the ascending section of the trajectory”, but a stable flight of the grenade is simply impossible, since it does not rotate (shoots from a smooth-bore mortar) and no plumage.

2. The grenade is intended for aerosol jamming in the direction of the threat without causing damage, therefore, after the release of pyrotechnic elements, the grenade body remains intact and, in fact, only takes a passive part in the functioning of the grenade.

Another well-known solution is a 105 mm projectile for a rifled tank gun [2]. The projectile contains a housing with an electronic trajectory contact fuse and a screw bottom. Inside the casing there is a set of cylindrical fragmentation submunitions made with a diameter equal to the inner diameter of the casing and a detachable powder charge placed between the head of the casing and the set of submunitions. Each submunition is equipped with an explosive charge (EX) and a fuse.

Common features with the proposed technical solution is the presence of a shell containing a shell with a head fuse, a screw-in bottom and an expelling powder charge, and a set of cylindrical fragmentation sub-shells made with flat bottoms and a diameter equal to the inner diameter of the shell, with each sub-shell containing an explosive charge and a fuse .

The disadvantages include the following:

1. A certain drawback is the possibility of refusal to transfer detonation between submunitions due to the significant thickness of the upper bottom containing the submunition fuse when the projectile penetrates the obstacle.

2. After the ejection of submunitions, the shell of the shell remains intact and also does not inflict damage on targets.

In the closest technical solution [3], adopted for the prototype, the tank cluster shell contains a body with a head electronic trajectory-contact fuse and a screw bottom, a set of cylindrical fragmentation submunitions made with flat bottoms and a diameter equal to the inner diameter of the body, knockout placed inside the body a powder charge placed between the fuse and the set of fragmentation submunitions, and the opening tail, with each submunition containing an explosive charge and a detonator. Both flat bottoms of the submunition are made with the possibility of forming fragments of a given mass, while the wall thickness of the shell of the head of the projectile is at least 0.1 caliber, and the submunition fuses are offset from the axis of the submunitions and are equipped with detonation delay elements for a time different for all submunitions, moreover, the elements of delayed detonation are equipped with inertial mechanisms for their launch.

In private versions, the bottom of the submunitions is made with corrugations on its surface in contact with the explosive charge or with ready-to-use striking elements, or with recesses whose vertices are directed toward the explosive charge. The head fuse is equipped with pyrotechnic and detonation channels. The head part of the projectile contains a honeycomb core or is made with longitudinal stiffeners. On the axis of the bottoms of the submunition from the side facing the explosive charge, recesses with explosive transfer charges were made. The fuse of the submunition is fixed in its side wall, the axis of the fuse being perpendicular to the axis of the submunition.

Common features with the proposed technical solution is the presence in the high-explosive fragmentation projectile for a tank smooth-bore cannon of a shell with a head fuse and a screw bottom, a set of cylindrical fragmentation submunitions made with flat bottoms and a diameter equal to the inner diameter of the shell, an expelling powder charge placed between the detonator a set of fragmentation submunitions, and the opening plumage, while each submunition contains an explosive charge and a fuse.

The disadvantages of the prototype include the following:

1. The shell is not used to hit targets.

2. Submunitions during ejection do not stabilize, therefore, if they are undermined, their position relative to the target can be arbitrary.

Disclosure of invention

The problem of the present invention is to increase the efficiency of the high-explosive and fragmentation actions of a cluster shell.

This problem is solved by the fact that in the known technical device comprising a body with a head fuse and a screw bottom, a set of cylindrical fragmentation sub-shells made with flat bottoms and a diameter equal to the inner diameter of the body, an expelling powder charge placed between the fuse and the set of fragmentation sub-shells, and a plumage, with each submunition containing an explosive charge and a fuse, a glass is made along the axis of symmetry of the projectile passing through the axial channels in the submunitions and a filled charge Ohm high-explosive explosives, on the inner surface of the projectile screw threads are applied, and on the outer surface of the submunitions pins are placed in the screw threads.

List of drawings

Figure 1 - structural diagram of the proposed BP;

Figure 2 - structural diagram of the proposed submunition;

Figure 3 - the process of ejection of submunitions from the hull;

Figure 4 - the process of propagation of detonation on the charge of high-explosive explosives in a glass and crushing the body.

The implementation of the invention

In the drawings, numbers and letters denote:

1 - head fuse;

2 - expelling powder charge;

3 - case;

4 - submunitions;

5 - a glass with a charge of high-explosive explosive;

6 - screw bottom;

7 - drop-down plumage;

8 - sub shell shell;

9 - flat bottoms;

10 - thin-walled tube;

11 - explosive charge;

12 pins;

13 - submunition fuse;

14 - internal rifling in the shell;

15 - combustion products of the expelling powder charge;

16 - front of the detonation wave (DW);

17 - front of an air shock wave (HC);

18 - explosion products (PV):

19 - fragments of the body.

Figure 1 presents a structural diagram of the PSU according to the proposed technical solution, in accordance with which the projectile contains a head fuse 1, expelling powder charge 2, body 3, submunitions 4 with axial channels, through which a glass 5 with a charge of high-explosive explosive passes, a screw bottom 6 and the opening plumage 7.

Figure 2 shows a structural diagram of a submunition consisting of a cylindrical body 8 with flat bottoms 9, a thin-walled tube 10, a charge of explosive 11 and its own fuse 13. On the outer surface of the submunition pins 12 are placed, which are placed in screw cuts 14 on the inner surface of the projectile (Fig. .3). The dashed line in FIG. 2 corresponds to the axis of the screw thread. With the help of 12 and 14, the submunitions 4 are twisted around the axis of symmetry when they are ejected from the housing 3 to stabilize in flight. At the same time, the shell 3 of the shell itself is twisted in the opposite direction (Fig. 3 shows the rotation directions of the shell 3 and the ejected sub-shells 4), which also increases its stability in flight.

Figure 3 in dynamics shows the process of ejection of submunitions 4 from the shell of the projectile 3, which occurs under the influence of the expanding combustion products of the expelling powder charge 15.

Figure 4 shows the process of the propagation of detonation along the explosive charge in the cup and the crushing of the body - the front of the ДВ 16 extends from the head fuse 1, while in the air cavity between the body 3 and the cup 5 a conical shock wave 17 is formed, and after it the region of expanding PV 18. The interaction of 17 and 18 with the housing 3 leads to its expansion, subsequent crushing and the outflow of PV 18 into the air between the fragments formed from the housing 19. The presence of screw grooves 13 on the inner surface of the housing 3 ensures its predetermined axial crushing elimination of negative factors for shrapnel sableobrazovaniya.

Thus, the screw rifling 13 sequentially perform two functions - ensure the twisting of the submunitions 4 during ejection and the specified crushing of the casing 3 into fragments, which, when scattered, contribute to the full fragmentation effect of the projectile. It is clear that the distance between adjacent rifling on the body determines the size of the resulting fragments. Therefore, by setting the number of rifling, you can control their size.

The projectile is multi-purpose and is designed to carry out all types of tank shooting, listed in the prototype:

I. Shooting to suppress tank-hazardous manpower in open areas, in trenches and on reverse slopes and anti-tank helicopters with a significant error in determining the range to the target. The ejection of submunitions occurs at a proactive point in front of the target.

II. The same type of shooting at a precisely defined range or when penetrating an obstacle, while the outfit is undermined in the collection, etc.

When firing type I at the calculated point of the trajectory, a temporary fuse is triggered, through the pyrotechnic channel of which a fire ray is supplied to ignite the knockout charge 2, pushing the set of submunitions 4 backwards with cutting the threads of the screw bottom 6. Subunits 4 are moved using screw pins 12 along screw threads 14 on the shell of the projectile 3, acquiring a rotational motion stabilizing them on the flight path, and the shell 3 of the projectile is twisted in the opposite direction, which also increases its stability in flight.

When the subunit block 4 is pushed, the inertial mechanism for triggering the delay element of the fuse 13 is triggered. The delay time for the submunitions 4 has a different value. After the departure of the submunitions 4 from the hull 3, they are separated and diverged.

The response time of the first submunition is calculated in such a way that submunitions 4 have time to disperse at distances at which the probability of damage to the remaining submunitions by fragments of the first submunition becomes negligible. After a predetermined period of time, the second submunition and further subsequent ones are detonated, up to the last explosion of the explosive charge in the glass 5 from the fuse 1, which ensures the destruction of the body 3 into fragments. A chain of discontinuities is built along the trajectory, which provides compensation for the error in determining the range to the target.

When firing type II (without ejection of submunitions), the fuse 1 detonates the set of submunitions 4 along the detonation channel, which ensures the detonation of the high-explosive explosive charge in the cup 5, the radial expansion of which leads to the detonation of the explosive charges in the submunitions through a thin-walled tube 10.

The proposed projectile can be used in domestic tanks T-72, T-80, T-90 with the introduction of an automatic induction installer of the head fuse in the gun loading path. On the T-90S tank such a system (Aynet) has already been installed.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the effectiveness of self-defense of the tank from tank dangerous infantry, including in structures, and from anti-tank helicopters.

Information sources

1. Patent RU 2187062 dated 08/04/2000, F41H 9/06, F42B 5/155.

2. Patent EP 0961098 A2 from 05.29.1996, F42B 12/58.

3. Patent RU 2363923 from 04.04.2008, F42В 12/62.

Claims (1)

High-explosive fragmentation cassette shell for a tank smooth-bore gun, comprising a body with a head fuse and a screw bottom, a set of cylindrical fragmentation submunitions made with flat bottoms and a diameter equal to the internal diameter of the body, a blasting powder charge placed between the fuse and the fragmentation fragmentation set plumage, wherein each submunition contains an explosive charge and a detonator, characterized in that a glass passing through the axis is made along the axis of symmetry of the projectile e subsnaryadah channels and filled vysokobrizantnogo charge of explosive, the inner surface of the projectile plotted screw thread, and the outer surface formed subsnaryadov pins placed in the screw thread.

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